Understanding of Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) in Ionic Materials
Herein, an ionic material (IM) with Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) characteristics is reported for the first time. The IM is designed by pairing a Nile Blue A cation (NBA<sup>+</sup>) with an anionic near-infrared (NIR) dye, IR820<sup>−</sup>, using a facile ion exc...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Sustainable Chemistry |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4079/2/4/31 |
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| author | Amanda Jalihal Thuy Le Samantha Macchi Hannah Krehbiel Mujeebat Bashiru Mavis Forson Noureen Siraj |
| author_facet | Amanda Jalihal Thuy Le Samantha Macchi Hannah Krehbiel Mujeebat Bashiru Mavis Forson Noureen Siraj |
| author_sort | Amanda Jalihal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Herein, an ionic material (IM) with Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) characteristics is reported for the first time. The IM is designed by pairing a Nile Blue A cation (NBA<sup>+</sup>) with an anionic near-infrared (NIR) dye, IR820<sup>−</sup>, using a facile ion exchange reaction. These two dyes absorb at different wavelength regions. In addition, NBA<sup>+</sup> fluorescence emission spectrum overlaps with IR820<sup>−</sup> absorption spectrum, which is one requirement for the occurrence of the FRET phenomenon. Therefore, the photophysical properties of the IM were studied in detail to investigate the FRET mechanism in IM for potential dye sensitized solar cell (DSSCs) application. Detailed examination of photophysical properties of parent compounds, a mixture of the parent compounds, and the IM revealed that the IM exhibits FRET characteristics, but not the mixture of two dyes. The presence of spectator counterion in the mixture hindered the FRET mechanism while in the IM, both dyes are in close proximity as an ion pair, thus exhibiting FRET. All FRET parameters such as spectral overlap integral, Förster distance, and FRET energy confirm the FRET characteristics of the IM. This article presents a simple synthesis of a compound with FRET properties which can be further used for a variety of applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:04:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-92bfc5a5d6224b90b25f3d314fb76393 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2673-4079 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:04:58Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sustainable Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-92bfc5a5d6224b90b25f3d314fb763932023-11-23T10:35:31ZengMDPI AGSustainable Chemistry2673-40792021-10-012456457510.3390/suschem2040031Understanding of Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) in Ionic MaterialsAmanda Jalihal0Thuy Le1Samantha Macchi2Hannah Krehbiel3Mujeebat Bashiru4Mavis Forson5Noureen Siraj6Department of Chemistry, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 S. University Ave., Little Rock, AR 72204, USADepartment of Chemistry, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 S. University Ave., Little Rock, AR 72204, USADepartment of Chemistry, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 S. University Ave., Little Rock, AR 72204, USADepartment of Chemistry, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 S. University Ave., Little Rock, AR 72204, USADepartment of Chemistry, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 S. University Ave., Little Rock, AR 72204, USADepartment of Chemistry, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 S. University Ave., Little Rock, AR 72204, USADepartment of Chemistry, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 S. University Ave., Little Rock, AR 72204, USAHerein, an ionic material (IM) with Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) characteristics is reported for the first time. The IM is designed by pairing a Nile Blue A cation (NBA<sup>+</sup>) with an anionic near-infrared (NIR) dye, IR820<sup>−</sup>, using a facile ion exchange reaction. These two dyes absorb at different wavelength regions. In addition, NBA<sup>+</sup> fluorescence emission spectrum overlaps with IR820<sup>−</sup> absorption spectrum, which is one requirement for the occurrence of the FRET phenomenon. Therefore, the photophysical properties of the IM were studied in detail to investigate the FRET mechanism in IM for potential dye sensitized solar cell (DSSCs) application. Detailed examination of photophysical properties of parent compounds, a mixture of the parent compounds, and the IM revealed that the IM exhibits FRET characteristics, but not the mixture of two dyes. The presence of spectator counterion in the mixture hindered the FRET mechanism while in the IM, both dyes are in close proximity as an ion pair, thus exhibiting FRET. All FRET parameters such as spectral overlap integral, Förster distance, and FRET energy confirm the FRET characteristics of the IM. This article presents a simple synthesis of a compound with FRET properties which can be further used for a variety of applications.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4079/2/4/31ionic materialFRETspectator ionsdye sensitized solar cellnear-infrared dyes |
| spellingShingle | Amanda Jalihal Thuy Le Samantha Macchi Hannah Krehbiel Mujeebat Bashiru Mavis Forson Noureen Siraj Understanding of Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) in Ionic Materials Sustainable Chemistry ionic material FRET spectator ions dye sensitized solar cell near-infrared dyes |
| title | Understanding of Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) in Ionic Materials |
| title_full | Understanding of Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) in Ionic Materials |
| title_fullStr | Understanding of Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) in Ionic Materials |
| title_full_unstemmed | Understanding of Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) in Ionic Materials |
| title_short | Understanding of Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) in Ionic Materials |
| title_sort | understanding of forster resonance energy transfer fret in ionic materials |
| topic | ionic material FRET spectator ions dye sensitized solar cell near-infrared dyes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4079/2/4/31 |
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