Sweet Taste Signaling: The Core Pathways and Regulatory Mechanisms
Sweet taste, a proxy for sugar-derived calories, is an important driver of food intake, and animals have evolved robust molecular and cellular machinery for sweet taste signaling. The overconsumption of sugar-derived calories is a major driver of obesity and other metabolic diseases. A fine-grained...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/15/8225 |
| _version_ | 1797413756584591360 |
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| author | Sunil Kumar Sukumaran Salin Raj Palayyan |
| author_facet | Sunil Kumar Sukumaran Salin Raj Palayyan |
| author_sort | Sunil Kumar Sukumaran |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sweet taste, a proxy for sugar-derived calories, is an important driver of food intake, and animals have evolved robust molecular and cellular machinery for sweet taste signaling. The overconsumption of sugar-derived calories is a major driver of obesity and other metabolic diseases. A fine-grained appreciation of the dynamic regulation of sweet taste signaling mechanisms will be required for designing novel noncaloric sweeteners with better hedonic and metabolic profiles and improved consumer acceptance. Sweet taste receptor cells express at least two signaling pathways, one mediated by a heterodimeric G-protein coupled receptor encoded by taste 1 receptor members 2 and 3 (<i>TAS1R2 + TAS1R3</i>) genes and another by glucose transporters and the ATP-gated potassium (K<sub>ATP</sub>) channel. Despite these important discoveries, we do not fully understand the mechanisms regulating sweet taste signaling. We will introduce the core components of the above sweet taste signaling pathways and the rationale for having multiple pathways for detecting sweet tastants. We will then highlight the roles of key regulators of the sweet taste signaling pathways, including downstream signal transduction pathway components expressed in sweet taste receptor cells and hormones and other signaling molecules such as leptin and endocannabinoids. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:23:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-92c55b8ac678414a83b04dce81b70794 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:23:24Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-92c55b8ac678414a83b04dce81b707942023-12-03T12:39:14ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-07-012315822510.3390/ijms23158225Sweet Taste Signaling: The Core Pathways and Regulatory MechanismsSunil Kumar Sukumaran0Salin Raj Palayyan1Nutrition and Health Sciences Department, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USANutrition and Health Sciences Department, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USASweet taste, a proxy for sugar-derived calories, is an important driver of food intake, and animals have evolved robust molecular and cellular machinery for sweet taste signaling. The overconsumption of sugar-derived calories is a major driver of obesity and other metabolic diseases. A fine-grained appreciation of the dynamic regulation of sweet taste signaling mechanisms will be required for designing novel noncaloric sweeteners with better hedonic and metabolic profiles and improved consumer acceptance. Sweet taste receptor cells express at least two signaling pathways, one mediated by a heterodimeric G-protein coupled receptor encoded by taste 1 receptor members 2 and 3 (<i>TAS1R2 + TAS1R3</i>) genes and another by glucose transporters and the ATP-gated potassium (K<sub>ATP</sub>) channel. Despite these important discoveries, we do not fully understand the mechanisms regulating sweet taste signaling. We will introduce the core components of the above sweet taste signaling pathways and the rationale for having multiple pathways for detecting sweet tastants. We will then highlight the roles of key regulators of the sweet taste signaling pathways, including downstream signal transduction pathway components expressed in sweet taste receptor cells and hormones and other signaling molecules such as leptin and endocannabinoids.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/15/8225sweet taste receptorgustationG-protein-coupled receptornoncaloric sweeteners |
| spellingShingle | Sunil Kumar Sukumaran Salin Raj Palayyan Sweet Taste Signaling: The Core Pathways and Regulatory Mechanisms International Journal of Molecular Sciences sweet taste receptor gustation G-protein-coupled receptor noncaloric sweeteners |
| title | Sweet Taste Signaling: The Core Pathways and Regulatory Mechanisms |
| title_full | Sweet Taste Signaling: The Core Pathways and Regulatory Mechanisms |
| title_fullStr | Sweet Taste Signaling: The Core Pathways and Regulatory Mechanisms |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sweet Taste Signaling: The Core Pathways and Regulatory Mechanisms |
| title_short | Sweet Taste Signaling: The Core Pathways and Regulatory Mechanisms |
| title_sort | sweet taste signaling the core pathways and regulatory mechanisms |
| topic | sweet taste receptor gustation G-protein-coupled receptor noncaloric sweeteners |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/15/8225 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sunilkumarsukumaran sweettastesignalingthecorepathwaysandregulatorymechanisms AT salinrajpalayyan sweettastesignalingthecorepathwaysandregulatorymechanisms |