Shifting seasonality of cyclones and western boundary current interactions in Bay of Bengal as observed during Amphan and Fani
Abstract In recent years, the seasonal patterns of Tropical Cyclones (TC) in the Bay of Bengal have been shifting. While tropical depressions have been common in March–May (spring), they typically have been relatively weaker than the TCs during October–December. Here we show that the spatial pattern...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01607-6 |
| _version_ | 1798033181432086528 |
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| author | Sourav Sil Avijit Gangopadhyay Glen Gawarkiewicz Saikat Pramanik |
| author_facet | Sourav Sil Avijit Gangopadhyay Glen Gawarkiewicz Saikat Pramanik |
| author_sort | Sourav Sil |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract In recent years, the seasonal patterns of Tropical Cyclones (TC) in the Bay of Bengal have been shifting. While tropical depressions have been common in March–May (spring), they typically have been relatively weaker than the TCs during October–December. Here we show that the spatial pattern of recent warming trends during the last two decades in the southwestern Bay has allowed for stronger springtime pre-monsoon cyclones such as Amphan (May 2020, Super Cyclone) and Fani (April–May 2019, Extremely Severe Cyclone). The tracks of the pre-monsoon cyclones shifted westward, concurrent with an increasing rate of warming. This shift allowed both Fani and Amphan tracks to cross the northeastward warm Western Boundary Current (WBC) and associated warm anti-cyclonic eddies, while the weaker Viyaru (April 2013, Cyclonic Storm) did not interact with the WBC. A quantitative model linking the available along-track heat potential to cyclone’s intensity is developed to understand the impact of the WBC on cyclone intensification. The influence of the warming WBC and associated anti-cyclonic eddies will likely result in much stronger springtime TCs becoming relatively common in the future. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T20:26:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-92c6d2ae095c414b8e2b6ebbef79fcbb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T20:26:11Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-92c6d2ae095c414b8e2b6ebbef79fcbb2022-12-22T04:04:40ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222021-11-0111111210.1038/s41598-021-01607-6Shifting seasonality of cyclones and western boundary current interactions in Bay of Bengal as observed during Amphan and FaniSourav Sil0Avijit Gangopadhyay1Glen Gawarkiewicz2Saikat Pramanik3School of Earth, Ocean and Climate Sciences, Indian Institute of TechnologySchool for Marine Science and Technology, University of Massachusetts DartmouthWoods Hole Oceanographic InstitutionSchool of Earth, Ocean and Climate Sciences, Indian Institute of TechnologyAbstract In recent years, the seasonal patterns of Tropical Cyclones (TC) in the Bay of Bengal have been shifting. While tropical depressions have been common in March–May (spring), they typically have been relatively weaker than the TCs during October–December. Here we show that the spatial pattern of recent warming trends during the last two decades in the southwestern Bay has allowed for stronger springtime pre-monsoon cyclones such as Amphan (May 2020, Super Cyclone) and Fani (April–May 2019, Extremely Severe Cyclone). The tracks of the pre-monsoon cyclones shifted westward, concurrent with an increasing rate of warming. This shift allowed both Fani and Amphan tracks to cross the northeastward warm Western Boundary Current (WBC) and associated warm anti-cyclonic eddies, while the weaker Viyaru (April 2013, Cyclonic Storm) did not interact with the WBC. A quantitative model linking the available along-track heat potential to cyclone’s intensity is developed to understand the impact of the WBC on cyclone intensification. The influence of the warming WBC and associated anti-cyclonic eddies will likely result in much stronger springtime TCs becoming relatively common in the future.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01607-6 |
| spellingShingle | Sourav Sil Avijit Gangopadhyay Glen Gawarkiewicz Saikat Pramanik Shifting seasonality of cyclones and western boundary current interactions in Bay of Bengal as observed during Amphan and Fani Scientific Reports |
| title | Shifting seasonality of cyclones and western boundary current interactions in Bay of Bengal as observed during Amphan and Fani |
| title_full | Shifting seasonality of cyclones and western boundary current interactions in Bay of Bengal as observed during Amphan and Fani |
| title_fullStr | Shifting seasonality of cyclones and western boundary current interactions in Bay of Bengal as observed during Amphan and Fani |
| title_full_unstemmed | Shifting seasonality of cyclones and western boundary current interactions in Bay of Bengal as observed during Amphan and Fani |
| title_short | Shifting seasonality of cyclones and western boundary current interactions in Bay of Bengal as observed during Amphan and Fani |
| title_sort | shifting seasonality of cyclones and western boundary current interactions in bay of bengal as observed during amphan and fani |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01607-6 |
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