The Impact of Sarcopenia Onset Prior to Cancer Diagnosis on Cancer Survival: A National Population-Based Cohort Study Using Propensity Score Matching
Purpose: The relationship between the onset of sarcopenia prior to cancer diagnosis and survival outcomes in various types of cancer is not well understood. To address this gap in knowledge, we conducted a propensity score-matched population-based cohort study to compare the overall survival of canc...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/5/1247 |
| _version_ | 1797614592969408512 |
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| author | Chih-Hsiung Su Wan-Ming Chen Ming-Chih Chen Ben-Chang Shia Szu-Yuan Wu |
| author_facet | Chih-Hsiung Su Wan-Ming Chen Ming-Chih Chen Ben-Chang Shia Szu-Yuan Wu |
| author_sort | Chih-Hsiung Su |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Purpose: The relationship between the onset of sarcopenia prior to cancer diagnosis and survival outcomes in various types of cancer is not well understood. To address this gap in knowledge, we conducted a propensity score-matched population-based cohort study to compare the overall survival of cancer patients with and without sarcopenia. Patients and Methods: In our study, we included patients with cancer and divided them into two groups based on the presence or absence of sarcopenia. To ensure comparability between the groups, we matched patients in both groups at a ratio of 1:1. Results: After the matching process, our final cohort included 20,416 patients with cancer (10,208 in each group) who were eligible for further analysis. There were no significant differences between the sarcopenia and nonsarcopenia groups in terms of confounding factors such as age (mean 61.05 years versus 62.17 years), gender (52.56% versus 52.16% male, 47.44% versus 47.84% female), comorbidities, and cancer stages. In our multivariate Cox regression analysis, we found that the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR; 95% confidence interval [CI]) of all-cause death for the sarcopenia group compared to the nonsarcopenia group was 1.49 (1.43–1.55; <i>p</i> < 0.001). Additionally, the aHRs (95% CIs) of all-cause death for those aged 66–75, 76–85, and >85 years (compared to those aged ≤65 years) were 1.29 (1.23–1.36), 2.00 (1.89–2.12), and 3.26 (2.97–3.59), respectively. The aHR (95% CI) of all-cause death for those with a Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) ≥ 1 compared to those with a CCI of 0 was 1.34 (1.28–1.40). The aHR (95% CI) of all-cause death for men compared to women was 1.56 (1.50–1.62). When comparing the sarcopenia and nonsarcopenia groups, the aHRs (95% CIs) for lung, liver, colorectal, breast, prostate, oral, pancreatic, stomach, ovarian, and other cancers were significantly higher. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the onset of sarcopenia prior to cancer diagnosis may be linked to reduced survival outcomes in cancer patients. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:14:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-92d2183a970044d8bf48904527b2fc14 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:14:44Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-92d2183a970044d8bf48904527b2fc142023-11-17T08:21:39ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432023-03-01155124710.3390/nu15051247The Impact of Sarcopenia Onset Prior to Cancer Diagnosis on Cancer Survival: A National Population-Based Cohort Study Using Propensity Score MatchingChih-Hsiung Su0Wan-Ming Chen1Ming-Chih Chen2Ben-Chang Shia3Szu-Yuan Wu4Department of Accounting Information, Chihlee University of Technology, Taipei 22050, TaiwanGraduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei 24205, TaiwanGraduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei 24205, TaiwanGraduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei 24205, TaiwanGraduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei 24205, TaiwanPurpose: The relationship between the onset of sarcopenia prior to cancer diagnosis and survival outcomes in various types of cancer is not well understood. To address this gap in knowledge, we conducted a propensity score-matched population-based cohort study to compare the overall survival of cancer patients with and without sarcopenia. Patients and Methods: In our study, we included patients with cancer and divided them into two groups based on the presence or absence of sarcopenia. To ensure comparability between the groups, we matched patients in both groups at a ratio of 1:1. Results: After the matching process, our final cohort included 20,416 patients with cancer (10,208 in each group) who were eligible for further analysis. There were no significant differences between the sarcopenia and nonsarcopenia groups in terms of confounding factors such as age (mean 61.05 years versus 62.17 years), gender (52.56% versus 52.16% male, 47.44% versus 47.84% female), comorbidities, and cancer stages. In our multivariate Cox regression analysis, we found that the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR; 95% confidence interval [CI]) of all-cause death for the sarcopenia group compared to the nonsarcopenia group was 1.49 (1.43–1.55; <i>p</i> < 0.001). Additionally, the aHRs (95% CIs) of all-cause death for those aged 66–75, 76–85, and >85 years (compared to those aged ≤65 years) were 1.29 (1.23–1.36), 2.00 (1.89–2.12), and 3.26 (2.97–3.59), respectively. The aHR (95% CI) of all-cause death for those with a Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) ≥ 1 compared to those with a CCI of 0 was 1.34 (1.28–1.40). The aHR (95% CI) of all-cause death for men compared to women was 1.56 (1.50–1.62). When comparing the sarcopenia and nonsarcopenia groups, the aHRs (95% CIs) for lung, liver, colorectal, breast, prostate, oral, pancreatic, stomach, ovarian, and other cancers were significantly higher. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the onset of sarcopenia prior to cancer diagnosis may be linked to reduced survival outcomes in cancer patients.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/5/1247sarcopenianonsarcopeniacancerssurvivalprognosis |
| spellingShingle | Chih-Hsiung Su Wan-Ming Chen Ming-Chih Chen Ben-Chang Shia Szu-Yuan Wu The Impact of Sarcopenia Onset Prior to Cancer Diagnosis on Cancer Survival: A National Population-Based Cohort Study Using Propensity Score Matching Nutrients sarcopenia nonsarcopenia cancers survival prognosis |
| title | The Impact of Sarcopenia Onset Prior to Cancer Diagnosis on Cancer Survival: A National Population-Based Cohort Study Using Propensity Score Matching |
| title_full | The Impact of Sarcopenia Onset Prior to Cancer Diagnosis on Cancer Survival: A National Population-Based Cohort Study Using Propensity Score Matching |
| title_fullStr | The Impact of Sarcopenia Onset Prior to Cancer Diagnosis on Cancer Survival: A National Population-Based Cohort Study Using Propensity Score Matching |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Impact of Sarcopenia Onset Prior to Cancer Diagnosis on Cancer Survival: A National Population-Based Cohort Study Using Propensity Score Matching |
| title_short | The Impact of Sarcopenia Onset Prior to Cancer Diagnosis on Cancer Survival: A National Population-Based Cohort Study Using Propensity Score Matching |
| title_sort | impact of sarcopenia onset prior to cancer diagnosis on cancer survival a national population based cohort study using propensity score matching |
| topic | sarcopenia nonsarcopenia cancers survival prognosis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/5/1247 |
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