Scale development to measure the patient perception of patient-centered care of dentists in primary care settings of Thailand: a measurement invariance test
Abstract Background Patient-centered care is essential for providing quality services thoroughly at the primary care level, but it is unclear and lacks measurement. This study aimed to develop a reliable and valid instrument to measure patient perception of patient-centered care in primary dental ca...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-09-01
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| Series: | BMC Oral Health |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-023-03331-1 |
| _version_ | 1797451281570201600 |
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| author | Yutthana Khamnil Surasak Kao-iean Pagaporn Pantuwadee Pisarnturakit |
| author_facet | Yutthana Khamnil Surasak Kao-iean Pagaporn Pantuwadee Pisarnturakit |
| author_sort | Yutthana Khamnil |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Patient-centered care is essential for providing quality services thoroughly at the primary care level, but it is unclear and lacks measurement. This study aimed to develop a reliable and valid instrument to measure patient perception of patient-centered care in primary dental care in Thailand and test the measurement invariance between large and small community hospitals. Methods The initial set of 45 items for the patient perception of Patient-Centered Care of Dentist Scale (PCCDS-P version) was developed using a mixed-method approach, which included a literature review, a content validity test, cognitive interviews, and a pre-test. A multistage sampling strategy was used to recruit dental patients or their parents or caregivers from community hospitals across Thailand. Validity was examined through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and the intraclass correlation coefficient. Furthermore, a multi-group analysis was conducted to compare the responses of patients from large and small community hospitals. Results Three hundred thirty-six and One thousand one hundred sixty-seven samples were randomized for EFA and CFA, respectively. The final PCCDS-P version consists of 7 factors with satisfactory reliability and validity and is composed of 42 items: dentist-patient relationship, disease-illness, integrated care, communication, shared information and decision-making, holistic, and empathy and anxiety management. The CFA showed the model fit was consistent with the entire sample. The metric invariance analysis showed that the factor loadings were invariant across patient groups. Overall, Cronbach's alpha coefficient and intraclass correlation coefficient were satisfactory. Conclusions The newly developed PCCDS-P version is composed of seven domains with 42 items with good reliability and validity, and it indicated measurement invariance across patients in large and small community hospitals. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T14:52:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-92da6107fc8441ca94d08fd45487c2a3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1472-6831 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T14:52:26Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Oral Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-92da6107fc8441ca94d08fd45487c2a32023-11-26T14:24:36ZengBMCBMC Oral Health1472-68312023-09-0123111210.1186/s12903-023-03331-1Scale development to measure the patient perception of patient-centered care of dentists in primary care settings of Thailand: a measurement invariance testYutthana Khamnil0Surasak Kao-iean1Pagaporn Pantuwadee Pisarnturakit2Graduate Program in Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn UniversityResearch Unit of CYD and Department of Educational Research and Psychology, Faculty of Education, Chulalongkorn UniversityDepartment of Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn UniversityAbstract Background Patient-centered care is essential for providing quality services thoroughly at the primary care level, but it is unclear and lacks measurement. This study aimed to develop a reliable and valid instrument to measure patient perception of patient-centered care in primary dental care in Thailand and test the measurement invariance between large and small community hospitals. Methods The initial set of 45 items for the patient perception of Patient-Centered Care of Dentist Scale (PCCDS-P version) was developed using a mixed-method approach, which included a literature review, a content validity test, cognitive interviews, and a pre-test. A multistage sampling strategy was used to recruit dental patients or their parents or caregivers from community hospitals across Thailand. Validity was examined through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and the intraclass correlation coefficient. Furthermore, a multi-group analysis was conducted to compare the responses of patients from large and small community hospitals. Results Three hundred thirty-six and One thousand one hundred sixty-seven samples were randomized for EFA and CFA, respectively. The final PCCDS-P version consists of 7 factors with satisfactory reliability and validity and is composed of 42 items: dentist-patient relationship, disease-illness, integrated care, communication, shared information and decision-making, holistic, and empathy and anxiety management. The CFA showed the model fit was consistent with the entire sample. The metric invariance analysis showed that the factor loadings were invariant across patient groups. Overall, Cronbach's alpha coefficient and intraclass correlation coefficient were satisfactory. Conclusions The newly developed PCCDS-P version is composed of seven domains with 42 items with good reliability and validity, and it indicated measurement invariance across patients in large and small community hospitals.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-023-03331-1Confirmatory factor analysisExploratory factor analysisMeasurement invariancePatient-centered dental carePatient perceptionPrimary care |
| spellingShingle | Yutthana Khamnil Surasak Kao-iean Pagaporn Pantuwadee Pisarnturakit Scale development to measure the patient perception of patient-centered care of dentists in primary care settings of Thailand: a measurement invariance test BMC Oral Health Confirmatory factor analysis Exploratory factor analysis Measurement invariance Patient-centered dental care Patient perception Primary care |
| title | Scale development to measure the patient perception of patient-centered care of dentists in primary care settings of Thailand: a measurement invariance test |
| title_full | Scale development to measure the patient perception of patient-centered care of dentists in primary care settings of Thailand: a measurement invariance test |
| title_fullStr | Scale development to measure the patient perception of patient-centered care of dentists in primary care settings of Thailand: a measurement invariance test |
| title_full_unstemmed | Scale development to measure the patient perception of patient-centered care of dentists in primary care settings of Thailand: a measurement invariance test |
| title_short | Scale development to measure the patient perception of patient-centered care of dentists in primary care settings of Thailand: a measurement invariance test |
| title_sort | scale development to measure the patient perception of patient centered care of dentists in primary care settings of thailand a measurement invariance test |
| topic | Confirmatory factor analysis Exploratory factor analysis Measurement invariance Patient-centered dental care Patient perception Primary care |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-023-03331-1 |
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