Which Extraction Solvents and Methods Are More Effective in Terms of Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of <i>Alcea</i> <i>fasciculiflora</i> from Turkey?
The bioactive content, antioxidant properties, and enzyme inhibition properties of extracts of <i>Alcea fasciculiflora</i> from Turkey prepared with different solvents (water, methanol, ethyl acetate) and extraction methods (maceration, soxhlet, homogenizer assisted extraction, and ultra...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/15/5011 |
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| author | Refiye Beyza Ozturk Gokhan Zengin Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan Domenico Montesano Dimitrina Zheleva-Dimitrova Reneta Gevrenova Abdullahi Ibrahim Uba Uğur Çakılcıoğlu Alevcan Kaplan Sharmeen Jugreet Stefano Dall’Acqua Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally |
| author_facet | Refiye Beyza Ozturk Gokhan Zengin Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan Domenico Montesano Dimitrina Zheleva-Dimitrova Reneta Gevrenova Abdullahi Ibrahim Uba Uğur Çakılcıoğlu Alevcan Kaplan Sharmeen Jugreet Stefano Dall’Acqua Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally |
| author_sort | Refiye Beyza Ozturk |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The bioactive content, antioxidant properties, and enzyme inhibition properties of extracts of <i>Alcea fasciculiflora</i> from Turkey prepared with different solvents (water, methanol, ethyl acetate) and extraction methods (maceration, soxhlet, homogenizer assisted extraction, and ultrasound assisted extraction) were examined in this study. UHPLC-HRMS analysis detected or annotated a total of 50 compounds in <i>A. fasciculiflora</i> extracts, including 18 hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids, 7 Hexaric acids, 7 Coumarins, 15 Flavonoids, and 3 hydroxycinnamic acid amides. The extracts had phenolic and flavonoid levels ranging from 14.25 to 24.87 mg GAE/g and 1.68 to 25.26 mg RE/g, respectively, in the analysis. Both DPPH and ABTS tests revealed radical scavenging capabilities (between 2.63 and 35.33 mg TE/g and between 13.46 and 76.27 mg TE/g, respectively). The extracts had reducing properties (CUPRAC: 40.38–78 TE/g and FRAP: 17.51–42.58 TE/g). The extracts showed metal chelating activity (18.28–46.71 mg EDTAE/g) as well as total antioxidant capacity (phosphomolybdenum test) (0.90–2.12 mmol TE/g). DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and metal chelating tests indicated the water extracts to be the best antioxidants, while the ethyl acetate extracts had the highest overall antioxidant capacity regardless of the extraction technique. Furthermore, anti-acetylcholinesterase activity was identified in all extracts (0.17–2.80 mg GALAE/g). The water extracts and the ultrasound-assisted ethyl acetate extract were inert against butyrylcholinesterase, but the other extracts showed anti-butyrylcholinesterase activity (1.17–5.80 mg GALAE/g). Tyrosine inhibitory action was identified in all extracts (1.79–58.93 mg KAE/g), with the most effective methanolic extracts. Only the ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts produced by maceration and homogenizer aided extraction showed glucosidase inhibition (0.11–1.11 mmol ACAE/g). These findings showed the overall bioactivity of the different extracts of <i>A. fasciculiflora</i> and provided an overview of the combination of solvent type and extraction method that could yield bioactive profile and pharmacological properties of interest and hence, could be a useful reference for future studies on this species. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:06:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-92dd39e17d344a608bd28c9d86ed48a8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:06:41Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-92dd39e17d344a608bd28c9d86ed48a82023-12-01T23:03:53ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-08-012715501110.3390/molecules27155011Which Extraction Solvents and Methods Are More Effective in Terms of Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of <i>Alcea</i> <i>fasciculiflora</i> from Turkey?Refiye Beyza Ozturk0Gokhan Zengin1Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan2Domenico Montesano3Dimitrina Zheleva-Dimitrova4Reneta Gevrenova5Abdullahi Ibrahim Uba6Uğur Çakılcıoğlu7Alevcan Kaplan8Sharmeen Jugreet9Stefano Dall’Acqua10Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally11Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, TurkeyPhysiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, TurkeyPhysiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, TurkeyDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Sofia, 1431 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Sofia, 1431 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Kadir Has University, Istanbul 34083, TurkeyPertek Sakine Genç Vocational School, Munzur University, Tunceli 62500, TurkeySason Vocational School, Batman University, Batman 72100, TurkeyDepartment of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, MauritiusDepartment of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, ItalyDepartment of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, MauritiusThe bioactive content, antioxidant properties, and enzyme inhibition properties of extracts of <i>Alcea fasciculiflora</i> from Turkey prepared with different solvents (water, methanol, ethyl acetate) and extraction methods (maceration, soxhlet, homogenizer assisted extraction, and ultrasound assisted extraction) were examined in this study. UHPLC-HRMS analysis detected or annotated a total of 50 compounds in <i>A. fasciculiflora</i> extracts, including 18 hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids, 7 Hexaric acids, 7 Coumarins, 15 Flavonoids, and 3 hydroxycinnamic acid amides. The extracts had phenolic and flavonoid levels ranging from 14.25 to 24.87 mg GAE/g and 1.68 to 25.26 mg RE/g, respectively, in the analysis. Both DPPH and ABTS tests revealed radical scavenging capabilities (between 2.63 and 35.33 mg TE/g and between 13.46 and 76.27 mg TE/g, respectively). The extracts had reducing properties (CUPRAC: 40.38–78 TE/g and FRAP: 17.51–42.58 TE/g). The extracts showed metal chelating activity (18.28–46.71 mg EDTAE/g) as well as total antioxidant capacity (phosphomolybdenum test) (0.90–2.12 mmol TE/g). DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and metal chelating tests indicated the water extracts to be the best antioxidants, while the ethyl acetate extracts had the highest overall antioxidant capacity regardless of the extraction technique. Furthermore, anti-acetylcholinesterase activity was identified in all extracts (0.17–2.80 mg GALAE/g). The water extracts and the ultrasound-assisted ethyl acetate extract were inert against butyrylcholinesterase, but the other extracts showed anti-butyrylcholinesterase activity (1.17–5.80 mg GALAE/g). Tyrosine inhibitory action was identified in all extracts (1.79–58.93 mg KAE/g), with the most effective methanolic extracts. Only the ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts produced by maceration and homogenizer aided extraction showed glucosidase inhibition (0.11–1.11 mmol ACAE/g). These findings showed the overall bioactivity of the different extracts of <i>A. fasciculiflora</i> and provided an overview of the combination of solvent type and extraction method that could yield bioactive profile and pharmacological properties of interest and hence, could be a useful reference for future studies on this species.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/15/5011<i>Alcea fasciculiflora</i>phenolicflavonoidantioxidantenzyme inhibitionsolvents/extraction methods |
| spellingShingle | Refiye Beyza Ozturk Gokhan Zengin Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan Domenico Montesano Dimitrina Zheleva-Dimitrova Reneta Gevrenova Abdullahi Ibrahim Uba Uğur Çakılcıoğlu Alevcan Kaplan Sharmeen Jugreet Stefano Dall’Acqua Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally Which Extraction Solvents and Methods Are More Effective in Terms of Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of <i>Alcea</i> <i>fasciculiflora</i> from Turkey? Molecules <i>Alcea fasciculiflora</i> phenolic flavonoid antioxidant enzyme inhibition solvents/extraction methods |
| title | Which Extraction Solvents and Methods Are More Effective in Terms of Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of <i>Alcea</i> <i>fasciculiflora</i> from Turkey? |
| title_full | Which Extraction Solvents and Methods Are More Effective in Terms of Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of <i>Alcea</i> <i>fasciculiflora</i> from Turkey? |
| title_fullStr | Which Extraction Solvents and Methods Are More Effective in Terms of Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of <i>Alcea</i> <i>fasciculiflora</i> from Turkey? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Which Extraction Solvents and Methods Are More Effective in Terms of Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of <i>Alcea</i> <i>fasciculiflora</i> from Turkey? |
| title_short | Which Extraction Solvents and Methods Are More Effective in Terms of Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of <i>Alcea</i> <i>fasciculiflora</i> from Turkey? |
| title_sort | which extraction solvents and methods are more effective in terms of chemical composition and biological activity of i alcea i i fasciculiflora i from turkey |
| topic | <i>Alcea fasciculiflora</i> phenolic flavonoid antioxidant enzyme inhibition solvents/extraction methods |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/15/5011 |
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