A Promising Thermodynamic Study of Hole Transport Materials to Develop Solar Cells: 1,3-Bis(<i>N</i>-carbazolyl)benzene and 1,4-Bis(diphenylamino)benzene
The thermochemical study of the 1,3-bis(<i>N</i>-carbazolyl)benzene (NCB) and 1,4-bis(diphenylamino)benzene (DAB) involved the combination of combustion calorimetric (CC) and thermogravimetric techniques. The molar heat capacities over the temperature range of (274.15 to 332.15) K, as we...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-01-01
|
| Series: | Molecules |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/2/381 |
| _version_ | 1797491563991924736 |
|---|---|
| author | Juan Mentado-Morales Arturo Ximello-Hernández Javier Salinas-Luna Vera L. S. Freitas Maria D. M. C. Ribeiro da Silva |
| author_facet | Juan Mentado-Morales Arturo Ximello-Hernández Javier Salinas-Luna Vera L. S. Freitas Maria D. M. C. Ribeiro da Silva |
| author_sort | Juan Mentado-Morales |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The thermochemical study of the 1,3-bis(<i>N</i>-carbazolyl)benzene (NCB) and 1,4-bis(diphenylamino)benzene (DAB) involved the combination of combustion calorimetric (CC) and thermogravimetric techniques. The molar heat capacities over the temperature range of (274.15 to 332.15) K, as well as the melting temperatures and enthalpies of fusion were measured for both compounds by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The standard molar enthalpies of formation in the crystalline phase were calculated from the values of combustion energy, which in turn were measured using a semi-micro combustion calorimeter. From the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the rate of mass loss as a function of the temperature was measured, which was then correlated with Langmuir’s equation to derive the vaporization enthalpies for both compounds. From the combination of experimental thermodynamic parameters, it was possible to derive the enthalpy of formation in the gaseous state of each of the title compounds. This parameter was also estimated from computational studies using the G3MP2B3 composite method. To prove the identity of the compounds, the <sup>1</sup>H and <sup>13</sup>C spectra were determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and the Raman spectra of the study compounds of this work were obtained. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:51:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-92e9045e6ac045c4a1c9d98e5733c6b6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:51:05Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-92e9045e6ac045c4a1c9d98e5733c6b62023-11-23T14:51:05ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-01-0127238110.3390/molecules27020381A Promising Thermodynamic Study of Hole Transport Materials to Develop Solar Cells: 1,3-Bis(<i>N</i>-carbazolyl)benzene and 1,4-Bis(diphenylamino)benzeneJuan Mentado-Morales0Arturo Ximello-Hernández1Javier Salinas-Luna2Vera L. S. Freitas3Maria D. M. C. Ribeiro da Silva4Instituto de Industrias, Universidad del Mar, Puerto Ángel, San Pedro Pochutla 70902, Oaxaca, MexicoProcesos Bioalimentarios, Universidad Tecnológica de Tehuacán, Prolongación de la 1 Sur 1101, San Pablo Tepetzingo, Tehuacán 75859, Puebla, MexicoInstituto de Ecología, Universidad del Mar, Puerto Ángel, San Pedro Pochutla 70902, Oaxaca, MexicoCentro de Investigação em Química da Universidade do Porto (CIQUP), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, P-4169-007 Porto, PortugalCentro de Investigação em Química da Universidade do Porto (CIQUP), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, P-4169-007 Porto, PortugalThe thermochemical study of the 1,3-bis(<i>N</i>-carbazolyl)benzene (NCB) and 1,4-bis(diphenylamino)benzene (DAB) involved the combination of combustion calorimetric (CC) and thermogravimetric techniques. The molar heat capacities over the temperature range of (274.15 to 332.15) K, as well as the melting temperatures and enthalpies of fusion were measured for both compounds by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The standard molar enthalpies of formation in the crystalline phase were calculated from the values of combustion energy, which in turn were measured using a semi-micro combustion calorimeter. From the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the rate of mass loss as a function of the temperature was measured, which was then correlated with Langmuir’s equation to derive the vaporization enthalpies for both compounds. From the combination of experimental thermodynamic parameters, it was possible to derive the enthalpy of formation in the gaseous state of each of the title compounds. This parameter was also estimated from computational studies using the G3MP2B3 composite method. To prove the identity of the compounds, the <sup>1</sup>H and <sup>13</sup>C spectra were determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and the Raman spectra of the study compounds of this work were obtained.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/2/3811,3-bis(<i>N</i>-carbazolyl)benzene1,4-bis(diphenylamino)benzenecombustion energyphase change enthalpiesheat capacitiesthermogravimetry |
| spellingShingle | Juan Mentado-Morales Arturo Ximello-Hernández Javier Salinas-Luna Vera L. S. Freitas Maria D. M. C. Ribeiro da Silva A Promising Thermodynamic Study of Hole Transport Materials to Develop Solar Cells: 1,3-Bis(<i>N</i>-carbazolyl)benzene and 1,4-Bis(diphenylamino)benzene Molecules 1,3-bis(<i>N</i>-carbazolyl)benzene 1,4-bis(diphenylamino)benzene combustion energy phase change enthalpies heat capacities thermogravimetry |
| title | A Promising Thermodynamic Study of Hole Transport Materials to Develop Solar Cells: 1,3-Bis(<i>N</i>-carbazolyl)benzene and 1,4-Bis(diphenylamino)benzene |
| title_full | A Promising Thermodynamic Study of Hole Transport Materials to Develop Solar Cells: 1,3-Bis(<i>N</i>-carbazolyl)benzene and 1,4-Bis(diphenylamino)benzene |
| title_fullStr | A Promising Thermodynamic Study of Hole Transport Materials to Develop Solar Cells: 1,3-Bis(<i>N</i>-carbazolyl)benzene and 1,4-Bis(diphenylamino)benzene |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Promising Thermodynamic Study of Hole Transport Materials to Develop Solar Cells: 1,3-Bis(<i>N</i>-carbazolyl)benzene and 1,4-Bis(diphenylamino)benzene |
| title_short | A Promising Thermodynamic Study of Hole Transport Materials to Develop Solar Cells: 1,3-Bis(<i>N</i>-carbazolyl)benzene and 1,4-Bis(diphenylamino)benzene |
| title_sort | promising thermodynamic study of hole transport materials to develop solar cells 1 3 bis i n i carbazolyl benzene and 1 4 bis diphenylamino benzene |
| topic | 1,3-bis(<i>N</i>-carbazolyl)benzene 1,4-bis(diphenylamino)benzene combustion energy phase change enthalpies heat capacities thermogravimetry |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/2/381 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT juanmentadomorales apromisingthermodynamicstudyofholetransportmaterialstodevelopsolarcells13bisinicarbazolylbenzeneand14bisdiphenylaminobenzene AT arturoximellohernandez apromisingthermodynamicstudyofholetransportmaterialstodevelopsolarcells13bisinicarbazolylbenzeneand14bisdiphenylaminobenzene AT javiersalinasluna apromisingthermodynamicstudyofholetransportmaterialstodevelopsolarcells13bisinicarbazolylbenzeneand14bisdiphenylaminobenzene AT veralsfreitas apromisingthermodynamicstudyofholetransportmaterialstodevelopsolarcells13bisinicarbazolylbenzeneand14bisdiphenylaminobenzene AT mariadmcribeirodasilva apromisingthermodynamicstudyofholetransportmaterialstodevelopsolarcells13bisinicarbazolylbenzeneand14bisdiphenylaminobenzene AT juanmentadomorales promisingthermodynamicstudyofholetransportmaterialstodevelopsolarcells13bisinicarbazolylbenzeneand14bisdiphenylaminobenzene AT arturoximellohernandez promisingthermodynamicstudyofholetransportmaterialstodevelopsolarcells13bisinicarbazolylbenzeneand14bisdiphenylaminobenzene AT javiersalinasluna promisingthermodynamicstudyofholetransportmaterialstodevelopsolarcells13bisinicarbazolylbenzeneand14bisdiphenylaminobenzene AT veralsfreitas promisingthermodynamicstudyofholetransportmaterialstodevelopsolarcells13bisinicarbazolylbenzeneand14bisdiphenylaminobenzene AT mariadmcribeirodasilva promisingthermodynamicstudyofholetransportmaterialstodevelopsolarcells13bisinicarbazolylbenzeneand14bisdiphenylaminobenzene |