Metformin protects renal tubular cells; mechanisms and new concepts
Context: The prevalence of diabetes markedly increased in recent decades. It is well accepted that the risk of morbidity and fatality increases in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Evidence Acquisition: An electronic search was performed to detect suitable studies, with keywords of metformin, pr...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Society of Diabetic Nephropathy Prevention
2018-07-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Nephropathology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://nephropathol.com/PDF/jnp-7-132.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797827987023855616 |
|---|---|
| author | Nozar Dorestan Leila Manzouri Mohammad Bahadoram Sara Bahadoram Mohammadreza Khosravifarsani Mohammad Davoodi |
| author_facet | Nozar Dorestan Leila Manzouri Mohammad Bahadoram Sara Bahadoram Mohammadreza Khosravifarsani Mohammad Davoodi |
| author_sort | Nozar Dorestan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Context: The prevalence of diabetes markedly increased in recent decades. It is well accepted that the risk of morbidity and fatality increases in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Evidence Acquisition: An electronic search was performed to detect suitable studies, with keywords of metformin, prediabetes, diabetes Mellitus, Gentamicin and lactic acidosis. Results: Metformin (biguanide) is widely used as the first pharmacological option in pre-diabetic subjects and patients with T2DM. Low-cost, long-term effect, low risk of hypoglycemia, and ease in utilization are considered as significant benefits of metformin compared with other therapies. Numerous studies have explored that medicinal intervention particularly metformin administration not only can decrease high blood glucose in patients with T2DM but also can avoid or postpone the beginning of clinical T2DM in pre-diabetic cases. Protective effect of metformin on renal cells by different mechanisms is described here. Gentamicin is an important factor that affects kidney function and structure. Nephrotoxicity is one of the serious side effects of gentamicin (an aminoglycoside antibiotic). Numerous investigation showed the protective effect of metformin against the gentamicin nephrotoxicity. On the other hand, lactic acidosis is known as an uncommon but serious side effect of metformin that should be mentioned. Signs of lactic acidosis are defined by plasma lactate levels higher than 5 mmol/L and pH smaller than 7.4. Conclusions: Different small series and large experimental investigations have discovered the association between metformin and lactic acidosis summarized here. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T12:57:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-92f649b6583344f0ab4f467dafb1a061 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2251-8363 2251-8819 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T12:57:14Z |
| publishDate | 2018-07-01 |
| publisher | Society of Diabetic Nephropathy Prevention |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Nephropathology |
| spelling | doaj.art-92f649b6583344f0ab4f467dafb1a0612023-05-13T11:29:32ZengSociety of Diabetic Nephropathy PreventionJournal of Nephropathology2251-83632251-88192018-07-017313213610.15171/jnp.2018.31jnp-20180704103934Metformin protects renal tubular cells; mechanisms and new conceptsNozar Dorestan0Leila Manzouri1Mohammad Bahadoram2Sara Bahadoram3Mohammadreza Khosravifarsani4Mohammad Davoodi5Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IranSocial Determinants of Health Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, IranMedical Student Research Committee and Social Determinant of Health Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IranDepartment of Pediatrics, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranCancer Prevention Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranDepartment of Radiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IranContext: The prevalence of diabetes markedly increased in recent decades. It is well accepted that the risk of morbidity and fatality increases in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Evidence Acquisition: An electronic search was performed to detect suitable studies, with keywords of metformin, prediabetes, diabetes Mellitus, Gentamicin and lactic acidosis. Results: Metformin (biguanide) is widely used as the first pharmacological option in pre-diabetic subjects and patients with T2DM. Low-cost, long-term effect, low risk of hypoglycemia, and ease in utilization are considered as significant benefits of metformin compared with other therapies. Numerous studies have explored that medicinal intervention particularly metformin administration not only can decrease high blood glucose in patients with T2DM but also can avoid or postpone the beginning of clinical T2DM in pre-diabetic cases. Protective effect of metformin on renal cells by different mechanisms is described here. Gentamicin is an important factor that affects kidney function and structure. Nephrotoxicity is one of the serious side effects of gentamicin (an aminoglycoside antibiotic). Numerous investigation showed the protective effect of metformin against the gentamicin nephrotoxicity. On the other hand, lactic acidosis is known as an uncommon but serious side effect of metformin that should be mentioned. Signs of lactic acidosis are defined by plasma lactate levels higher than 5 mmol/L and pH smaller than 7.4. Conclusions: Different small series and large experimental investigations have discovered the association between metformin and lactic acidosis summarized here.https://nephropathol.com/PDF/jnp-7-132.pdfmetforminprediabetesdiabetes mellitusgentamicinlactic acidosis |
| spellingShingle | Nozar Dorestan Leila Manzouri Mohammad Bahadoram Sara Bahadoram Mohammadreza Khosravifarsani Mohammad Davoodi Metformin protects renal tubular cells; mechanisms and new concepts Journal of Nephropathology metformin prediabetes diabetes mellitus gentamicin lactic acidosis |
| title | Metformin protects renal tubular cells; mechanisms and new concepts |
| title_full | Metformin protects renal tubular cells; mechanisms and new concepts |
| title_fullStr | Metformin protects renal tubular cells; mechanisms and new concepts |
| title_full_unstemmed | Metformin protects renal tubular cells; mechanisms and new concepts |
| title_short | Metformin protects renal tubular cells; mechanisms and new concepts |
| title_sort | metformin protects renal tubular cells mechanisms and new concepts |
| topic | metformin prediabetes diabetes mellitus gentamicin lactic acidosis |
| url | https://nephropathol.com/PDF/jnp-7-132.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nozardorestan metforminprotectsrenaltubularcellsmechanismsandnewconcepts AT leilamanzouri metforminprotectsrenaltubularcellsmechanismsandnewconcepts AT mohammadbahadoram metforminprotectsrenaltubularcellsmechanismsandnewconcepts AT sarabahadoram metforminprotectsrenaltubularcellsmechanismsandnewconcepts AT mohammadrezakhosravifarsani metforminprotectsrenaltubularcellsmechanismsandnewconcepts AT mohammaddavoodi metforminprotectsrenaltubularcellsmechanismsandnewconcepts |