Acaricide resistance of Rhipicephalus decoloratus ticks collected from communal grazing cattle in South Africa
Objective: This study aimed to determine acaricide resistance in Rhipicephalus decoloratus ticks collected from grazing cattle between November 2018 and May 2019 in Elundini, Senqu, and Walter Sisulu Local Municipalities in the northeastern region of the Eastern Cape Province. Materials and Methods...
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| Format: | Article |
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Network for the Veterinarians of Bangladesh
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research |
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| Online Access: | http://www.ejmanager.com/fulltextpdf.php?mno=115219 |
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| author | Mandla Yawa Nkululeko Nyangiwe Ishmael Festus Jaja Munyaradzi Christopher Marufu Charles T. Kadzere |
| author_facet | Mandla Yawa Nkululeko Nyangiwe Ishmael Festus Jaja Munyaradzi Christopher Marufu Charles T. Kadzere |
| author_sort | Mandla Yawa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective: This study aimed to determine acaricide resistance in Rhipicephalus decoloratus ticks collected from grazing cattle between November 2018 and May 2019 in Elundini, Senqu, and Walter Sisulu Local Municipalities in the northeastern region of the Eastern Cape Province.
Materials and Methods: A sample of 20–30 adult engorged female R. decoloratus ticks were collected from at least 10 randomly selected cattle (highly tick-infested) at each dip tank and placed into the labelled plastic collection bottles containing absorbent paper and with a perforated lid at a constant room temperature of ±28°C and >70% relative humidity until resistance testing commenced. The Shaw larval immersion test method was used to determine R. decoloratus larvae resistance to various acaricide concentration levels [amidines, organophosphate (OP), and synthetic pyrethroids (SPs)].
Results: This study found that most ticks were susceptible to exposure to different acaricide field concentrations of amidines (49% at 250 ppm), OPs (33% and 47% at 300 ppm and 500 ppm, respectively), and SPs (44% and 23% at 150 ppm and 300 ppm, respectively). The resistance test¬ing results showed no resistance to amidines at any localities and no resistance to OP in the Senqu region. However, resistance development of the larvae to amines, OPs, and SPs was extensively observed in Senqu (18%, 6%, and 7%), Elundini (15%, 15%, and 17%), and Walter Sisulu (13%, 19%, and 9%) regions, respectively.
Conclusions: The larvae's resistance is a cause for worry. Hence, the continuous monitoring of tick resistance to commonly used acaricides will help mitigate widespread acaricidal resistance and sustain livestock productivity. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(1.000): 33-41] |
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| issn | 2311-7710 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T23:23:34Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | Network for the Veterinarians of Bangladesh |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-92fa146f33304c2684a2f493753e428e2022-12-22T02:25:09ZengNetwork for the Veterinarians of BangladeshJournal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research2311-77102022-03-0191334110.5455/javar.2022.i566115219Acaricide resistance of Rhipicephalus decoloratus ticks collected from communal grazing cattle in South AfricaMandla Yawa0Nkululeko Nyangiwe1Ishmael Festus Jaja2Munyaradzi Christopher Marufu3Charles T. Kadzere4Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa Dohne Agricultural Development Institute, Stutterheim, South Africa, & Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, University of South Africa, Roodepoort Johannesburg 1710, South Africa Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa Dohne Agricultural Development Institute, Stutterheim, South Africa.Objective: This study aimed to determine acaricide resistance in Rhipicephalus decoloratus ticks collected from grazing cattle between November 2018 and May 2019 in Elundini, Senqu, and Walter Sisulu Local Municipalities in the northeastern region of the Eastern Cape Province. Materials and Methods: A sample of 20–30 adult engorged female R. decoloratus ticks were collected from at least 10 randomly selected cattle (highly tick-infested) at each dip tank and placed into the labelled plastic collection bottles containing absorbent paper and with a perforated lid at a constant room temperature of ±28°C and >70% relative humidity until resistance testing commenced. The Shaw larval immersion test method was used to determine R. decoloratus larvae resistance to various acaricide concentration levels [amidines, organophosphate (OP), and synthetic pyrethroids (SPs)]. Results: This study found that most ticks were susceptible to exposure to different acaricide field concentrations of amidines (49% at 250 ppm), OPs (33% and 47% at 300 ppm and 500 ppm, respectively), and SPs (44% and 23% at 150 ppm and 300 ppm, respectively). The resistance test¬ing results showed no resistance to amidines at any localities and no resistance to OP in the Senqu region. However, resistance development of the larvae to amines, OPs, and SPs was extensively observed in Senqu (18%, 6%, and 7%), Elundini (15%, 15%, and 17%), and Walter Sisulu (13%, 19%, and 9%) regions, respectively. Conclusions: The larvae's resistance is a cause for worry. Hence, the continuous monitoring of tick resistance to commonly used acaricides will help mitigate widespread acaricidal resistance and sustain livestock productivity. [J Adv Vet Anim Res 2022; 9(1.000): 33-41]http://www.ejmanager.com/fulltextpdf.php?mno=115219acaricide resistance; cattle; rhipicephalus decoloratus larvae; shaw larval immersion test |
| spellingShingle | Mandla Yawa Nkululeko Nyangiwe Ishmael Festus Jaja Munyaradzi Christopher Marufu Charles T. Kadzere Acaricide resistance of Rhipicephalus decoloratus ticks collected from communal grazing cattle in South Africa Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research acaricide resistance; cattle; rhipicephalus decoloratus larvae; shaw larval immersion test |
| title | Acaricide resistance of Rhipicephalus decoloratus ticks collected from communal grazing cattle in South Africa |
| title_full | Acaricide resistance of Rhipicephalus decoloratus ticks collected from communal grazing cattle in South Africa |
| title_fullStr | Acaricide resistance of Rhipicephalus decoloratus ticks collected from communal grazing cattle in South Africa |
| title_full_unstemmed | Acaricide resistance of Rhipicephalus decoloratus ticks collected from communal grazing cattle in South Africa |
| title_short | Acaricide resistance of Rhipicephalus decoloratus ticks collected from communal grazing cattle in South Africa |
| title_sort | acaricide resistance of rhipicephalus decoloratus ticks collected from communal grazing cattle in south africa |
| topic | acaricide resistance; cattle; rhipicephalus decoloratus larvae; shaw larval immersion test |
| url | http://www.ejmanager.com/fulltextpdf.php?mno=115219 |
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