<i>Octorhopalona</i> <i>saltatrix</i>, a New Genus and Species (Hydrozoa, Anthoathecata) from Japanese Waters
Approximately 300 species of cnidarian jellyfish have been reported in Japanese waters. However, many specimens remain unidentified. In this study, taxonomic investigations, including morphological observations and molecular 16S phylogenetic analyses, were conducted on unknown specimens collected of...
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/13/1600 |
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| author | Sho Toshino Gaku Yamamoto Shinsuke Saito |
| author_facet | Sho Toshino Gaku Yamamoto Shinsuke Saito |
| author_sort | Sho Toshino |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Approximately 300 species of cnidarian jellyfish have been reported in Japanese waters. However, many specimens remain unidentified. In this study, taxonomic investigations, including morphological observations and molecular 16S phylogenetic analyses, were conducted on unknown specimens collected off Oarai, Sagami Bay, and Tosa Bay, Japan. The specimens have the following morphological characteristics: distinct peaks in jelly above the base of the manubrium, a red band on the manubrium, and cylindrical marginal bulbs, each with an abaxial ocellus that is common to the family Halimedusidae. However, the specimens can be distinguished from other Halimedusidae species by their eight radial canals, eight tentacles with numerous stalked nematocyst knobs, and eight nematocyst tracks on the exumbrella. Moreover, molecular phylogenetic analyses revealed that the Kimura two-parameter distance between the specimens and other <i>Halimedusa</i> species was 0.066–0.099, which is considered to represent intergeneric variability. Based on this result, we described it as a new species and established a new genus for taxonomic stabilization. We also emended the diagnostic characters of the family Halimedusidae owing to the establishment of the new genus. Halimedusidae comprises five species in four genera. This paper provides taxonomic keys for the identification of species in the family Halimedusidae. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:11:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-93001427a1cd4bce9029dfceba1c9b84 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:11:31Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-93001427a1cd4bce9029dfceba1c9b842023-11-23T19:31:41ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-06-011213160010.3390/ani12131600<i>Octorhopalona</i> <i>saltatrix</i>, a New Genus and Species (Hydrozoa, Anthoathecata) from Japanese WatersSho Toshino0Gaku Yamamoto1Shinsuke Saito2Kuroshio Biological Research Foundation, 560 Nishidomari, Otsuki, Hata 788-0333, JapanEnoshima Aquarium, Katasekaigan, Fujisawa 251-0035, JapanIbaraki Prefectural Oarai Aquarium, 8252-3 Isohamacho, Oarai, Higashi-ibaraki 311-1301, JapanApproximately 300 species of cnidarian jellyfish have been reported in Japanese waters. However, many specimens remain unidentified. In this study, taxonomic investigations, including morphological observations and molecular 16S phylogenetic analyses, were conducted on unknown specimens collected off Oarai, Sagami Bay, and Tosa Bay, Japan. The specimens have the following morphological characteristics: distinct peaks in jelly above the base of the manubrium, a red band on the manubrium, and cylindrical marginal bulbs, each with an abaxial ocellus that is common to the family Halimedusidae. However, the specimens can be distinguished from other Halimedusidae species by their eight radial canals, eight tentacles with numerous stalked nematocyst knobs, and eight nematocyst tracks on the exumbrella. Moreover, molecular phylogenetic analyses revealed that the Kimura two-parameter distance between the specimens and other <i>Halimedusa</i> species was 0.066–0.099, which is considered to represent intergeneric variability. Based on this result, we described it as a new species and established a new genus for taxonomic stabilization. We also emended the diagnostic characters of the family Halimedusidae owing to the establishment of the new genus. Halimedusidae comprises five species in four genera. This paper provides taxonomic keys for the identification of species in the family Halimedusidae.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/13/1600Halimedusidaeidentificationphylogenynew speciestaxonomy |
| spellingShingle | Sho Toshino Gaku Yamamoto Shinsuke Saito <i>Octorhopalona</i> <i>saltatrix</i>, a New Genus and Species (Hydrozoa, Anthoathecata) from Japanese Waters Animals Halimedusidae identification phylogeny new species taxonomy |
| title | <i>Octorhopalona</i> <i>saltatrix</i>, a New Genus and Species (Hydrozoa, Anthoathecata) from Japanese Waters |
| title_full | <i>Octorhopalona</i> <i>saltatrix</i>, a New Genus and Species (Hydrozoa, Anthoathecata) from Japanese Waters |
| title_fullStr | <i>Octorhopalona</i> <i>saltatrix</i>, a New Genus and Species (Hydrozoa, Anthoathecata) from Japanese Waters |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Octorhopalona</i> <i>saltatrix</i>, a New Genus and Species (Hydrozoa, Anthoathecata) from Japanese Waters |
| title_short | <i>Octorhopalona</i> <i>saltatrix</i>, a New Genus and Species (Hydrozoa, Anthoathecata) from Japanese Waters |
| title_sort | i octorhopalona i i saltatrix i a new genus and species hydrozoa anthoathecata from japanese waters |
| topic | Halimedusidae identification phylogeny new species taxonomy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/13/1600 |
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