Real-world application of a discrete feedback control system for flexible biogas production
Abstract Using renewable energy is increasingly prevalent as part of a global effort to safeguard the environment, with a reduction in $${\mathrm{CO}}_{2}$$ CO 2 being one of the primary objectives. A biogas plant provides an opportunity to produce green energy, but its profitability prevents it fro...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Advanced Modeling and Simulation in Engineering Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40323-023-00251-1 |
| _version_ | 1797414464086081536 |
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| author | Lingga Aksara Putra Bernhard Huber Matthias Gaderer |
| author_facet | Lingga Aksara Putra Bernhard Huber Matthias Gaderer |
| author_sort | Lingga Aksara Putra |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Using renewable energy is increasingly prevalent as part of a global effort to safeguard the environment, with a reduction in $${\mathrm{CO}}_{2}$$ CO 2 being one of the primary objectives. A biogas plant provides an opportunity to produce green energy, but its profitability prevents it from being utilized more frequently. A suitable response to this economic issue would be flexible biogas production to exploit fluctuating energy prices. Nevertheless, the complex nature of the anaerobic digestion process that proceeds within the biogas plant and the wide range of substrates that may be utilized as the plant’s feeds make it challenging to achieve flexible biogas production truly. Most plant operators will rely on their experience and intuition to run the plant without knowing exactly how much biogas they will produce with the feed substrate. This work combines a system model estimation and feedback controller to provide an intuitive yet precise feedback control system. The system model estimation represents the biogas plant mathematically, and a total of six distinct approaches have been compared and evaluated. A PT1 model most accurately approximated the step-down and the step-up by the time percentage method, with the Akaike Information Criterion as the primary evaluation criterion for selecting the best model. The downward model was controlled by a discrete PI controller modified with the Root Locus Method and an Anti-Windup scheme, and the upward model was controlled by a state space controller. The quality of the controller was evaluated in both simulation and at the actual biogas plant in Grub, and the controller was able to reduce the biogas production rate approaching the setpoint in the expected period. Furthermore, the developed feedback control system is effortless enough to be installed in many biogas plants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:33:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9302a1d54c6849e7b2740f4acde850fe |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2213-7467 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:33:29Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Advanced Modeling and Simulation in Engineering Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-9302a1d54c6849e7b2740f4acde850fe2023-12-03T12:30:45ZengSpringerOpenAdvanced Modeling and Simulation in Engineering Sciences2213-74672023-11-0110112710.1186/s40323-023-00251-1Real-world application of a discrete feedback control system for flexible biogas productionLingga Aksara Putra0Bernhard Huber1Matthias Gaderer2Technical University of Munich, Professorship of Regenerative Energy SystemsTechnical University of Munich, Professorship of Regenerative Energy SystemsTechnical University of Munich, Professorship of Regenerative Energy SystemsAbstract Using renewable energy is increasingly prevalent as part of a global effort to safeguard the environment, with a reduction in $${\mathrm{CO}}_{2}$$ CO 2 being one of the primary objectives. A biogas plant provides an opportunity to produce green energy, but its profitability prevents it from being utilized more frequently. A suitable response to this economic issue would be flexible biogas production to exploit fluctuating energy prices. Nevertheless, the complex nature of the anaerobic digestion process that proceeds within the biogas plant and the wide range of substrates that may be utilized as the plant’s feeds make it challenging to achieve flexible biogas production truly. Most plant operators will rely on their experience and intuition to run the plant without knowing exactly how much biogas they will produce with the feed substrate. This work combines a system model estimation and feedback controller to provide an intuitive yet precise feedback control system. The system model estimation represents the biogas plant mathematically, and a total of six distinct approaches have been compared and evaluated. A PT1 model most accurately approximated the step-down and the step-up by the time percentage method, with the Akaike Information Criterion as the primary evaluation criterion for selecting the best model. The downward model was controlled by a discrete PI controller modified with the Root Locus Method and an Anti-Windup scheme, and the upward model was controlled by a state space controller. The quality of the controller was evaluated in both simulation and at the actual biogas plant in Grub, and the controller was able to reduce the biogas production rate approaching the setpoint in the expected period. Furthermore, the developed feedback control system is effortless enough to be installed in many biogas plants.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40323-023-00251-1Model estimationDiscrete controllerFeedback control systemFlexible biogas productionAnaerobic digestion |
| spellingShingle | Lingga Aksara Putra Bernhard Huber Matthias Gaderer Real-world application of a discrete feedback control system for flexible biogas production Advanced Modeling and Simulation in Engineering Sciences Model estimation Discrete controller Feedback control system Flexible biogas production Anaerobic digestion |
| title | Real-world application of a discrete feedback control system for flexible biogas production |
| title_full | Real-world application of a discrete feedback control system for flexible biogas production |
| title_fullStr | Real-world application of a discrete feedback control system for flexible biogas production |
| title_full_unstemmed | Real-world application of a discrete feedback control system for flexible biogas production |
| title_short | Real-world application of a discrete feedback control system for flexible biogas production |
| title_sort | real world application of a discrete feedback control system for flexible biogas production |
| topic | Model estimation Discrete controller Feedback control system Flexible biogas production Anaerobic digestion |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40323-023-00251-1 |
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