Detection of Enterococcus faecalis in subgingival biofilms of healthy, gingivitis, and chronic periodontitis subjects
Background: Enterococcus faecalis is a Gram-positive, facultative anaerobic coccus that can survive under harsh conditions. Studies have shown a positive relationship between biofilm formation and gelE gene expression in E. faecalis. The production of gelatinase (MMP 2) has been detected in 50% of E...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.jisponline.com/article.asp?issn=0972-124X;year=2019;volume=23;issue=5;spage=416;epage=418;aulast=Chidambar |
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| author | Chethana Kunthur Chidambar Shrinidhi Maji Shankar Pooja Raghu Soumya Badravalli Gururaj Kala Shashi Bushan |
| author_facet | Chethana Kunthur Chidambar Shrinidhi Maji Shankar Pooja Raghu Soumya Badravalli Gururaj Kala Shashi Bushan |
| author_sort | Chethana Kunthur Chidambar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Enterococcus faecalis is a Gram-positive, facultative anaerobic coccus that can survive under harsh conditions. Studies have shown a positive relationship between biofilm formation and gelE gene expression in E. faecalis. The production of gelatinase (MMP 2) has been detected in 50% of E. faecalis isolates from endodontic and periodontal infections, which suggests its role in the pathogenesis of apical and marginal periodontitis. Although E. faecalis is not considered a periodontopathogen, this species has been more frequently detected in subgingival samples with periodontitis than from periodontally healthy subjects, suggesting that the local conditions in periodontitis may favor its colonization. Hence, the aim of the current study was to detect and compare the presence of E. faecalis in subgingival biofilms of healthy, gingivitis, and periodontitis subjects. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 subjects aged between 25 and 55 years, from the Outpatient Department of Periodontics were recruited for the study. All the subjects were screened for gingival and periodontal status using plaque index, gingival index, and clinical attachment loss. They were divided into three groups based on the clinical findings.
Group A: 18 healthy individuals (gingival index with score zero)
Group B: 34 gingivitis patients (gingival index with score >1)
Group C: 48 chronic periodontitis patients (clinical attachment loss >5 mm in >30% of sites).
Subgingival plaque samples of all the enrolled subjects were collected using a sterile curette, later poured into a transport medium (Viability Medium Goteborg Agar III) and sent for microbial culturing within 2 h for detection of E. faecalis. Results: E. faecalis was detected in 26.8% of all samples evaluated. There was a significantly higher frequency of E. faecalis in subgingival biofilms of periodontitis group (41.7%), compared to gingivitis (5.9%) and healthy group (0%). Conclusion: Enterococci may contribute to increased collagen and periodontal destruction and may further lead to disease progression in patients with chronic periodontitis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T01:38:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9304839be2d54131a112b3e97bcf9e65 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0972-124X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T01:38:13Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology |
| spelling | doaj.art-9304839be2d54131a112b3e97bcf9e652022-12-22T00:03:50ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsJournal of Indian Society of Periodontology0972-124X2019-01-0123541641810.4103/jisp.jisp_44_19Detection of Enterococcus faecalis in subgingival biofilms of healthy, gingivitis, and chronic periodontitis subjectsChethana Kunthur ChidambarShrinidhi Maji ShankarPooja RaghuSoumya Badravalli GururajKala Shashi BushanBackground: Enterococcus faecalis is a Gram-positive, facultative anaerobic coccus that can survive under harsh conditions. Studies have shown a positive relationship between biofilm formation and gelE gene expression in E. faecalis. The production of gelatinase (MMP 2) has been detected in 50% of E. faecalis isolates from endodontic and periodontal infections, which suggests its role in the pathogenesis of apical and marginal periodontitis. Although E. faecalis is not considered a periodontopathogen, this species has been more frequently detected in subgingival samples with periodontitis than from periodontally healthy subjects, suggesting that the local conditions in periodontitis may favor its colonization. Hence, the aim of the current study was to detect and compare the presence of E. faecalis in subgingival biofilms of healthy, gingivitis, and periodontitis subjects. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 subjects aged between 25 and 55 years, from the Outpatient Department of Periodontics were recruited for the study. All the subjects were screened for gingival and periodontal status using plaque index, gingival index, and clinical attachment loss. They were divided into three groups based on the clinical findings. Group A: 18 healthy individuals (gingival index with score zero) Group B: 34 gingivitis patients (gingival index with score >1) Group C: 48 chronic periodontitis patients (clinical attachment loss >5 mm in >30% of sites). Subgingival plaque samples of all the enrolled subjects were collected using a sterile curette, later poured into a transport medium (Viability Medium Goteborg Agar III) and sent for microbial culturing within 2 h for detection of E. faecalis. Results: E. faecalis was detected in 26.8% of all samples evaluated. There was a significantly higher frequency of E. faecalis in subgingival biofilms of periodontitis group (41.7%), compared to gingivitis (5.9%) and healthy group (0%). Conclusion: Enterococci may contribute to increased collagen and periodontal destruction and may further lead to disease progression in patients with chronic periodontitis.http://www.jisponline.com/article.asp?issn=0972-124X;year=2019;volume=23;issue=5;spage=416;epage=418;aulast=ChidambarChronic periodontitisEnterococcus faecalis gelatinasesubgingival biofilm |
| spellingShingle | Chethana Kunthur Chidambar Shrinidhi Maji Shankar Pooja Raghu Soumya Badravalli Gururaj Kala Shashi Bushan Detection of Enterococcus faecalis in subgingival biofilms of healthy, gingivitis, and chronic periodontitis subjects Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology Chronic periodontitis Enterococcus faecalis gelatinase subgingival biofilm |
| title | Detection of Enterococcus faecalis in subgingival biofilms of healthy, gingivitis, and chronic periodontitis subjects |
| title_full | Detection of Enterococcus faecalis in subgingival biofilms of healthy, gingivitis, and chronic periodontitis subjects |
| title_fullStr | Detection of Enterococcus faecalis in subgingival biofilms of healthy, gingivitis, and chronic periodontitis subjects |
| title_full_unstemmed | Detection of Enterococcus faecalis in subgingival biofilms of healthy, gingivitis, and chronic periodontitis subjects |
| title_short | Detection of Enterococcus faecalis in subgingival biofilms of healthy, gingivitis, and chronic periodontitis subjects |
| title_sort | detection of enterococcus faecalis in subgingival biofilms of healthy gingivitis and chronic periodontitis subjects |
| topic | Chronic periodontitis Enterococcus faecalis gelatinase subgingival biofilm |
| url | http://www.jisponline.com/article.asp?issn=0972-124X;year=2019;volume=23;issue=5;spage=416;epage=418;aulast=Chidambar |
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