WHAT HAPPENS TO CELLULOSIC FIBERS DURING PAPERMAKING AND RECYCLING? A REVIEW
Both reversible and irreversible changes take place as cellulosic fibers are manufactured into paper products one or more times. This review considers both physical and chemical changes. It is proposed that by understanding these changes one can make better use of cellulosic fibers at various stag...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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North Carolina State University
2007-11-01
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| Series: | BioResources |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://ojs.cnr.ncsu.edu/index.php/BioRes/article/viewFile/BioRes_2_4_739_788_Hubbe_VR_RecyclingCellulosicFibers_Review/82 |
| _version_ | 1828239366850347008 |
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| author | Orlando J. Rojas Richard A. Venditti Martin A. Hubbe |
| author_facet | Orlando J. Rojas Richard A. Venditti Martin A. Hubbe |
| author_sort | Orlando J. Rojas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Both reversible and irreversible changes take place as cellulosic fibers are manufactured into paper products one or more times. This review considers both physical and chemical changes. It is proposed that by understanding these changes one can make better use of cellulosic fibers at various stages of their life cycles, achieving a broad range of paper performance characteristics. Some of the changes that occur as a result of recycling are inherent to the fibers themselves. Other changes may result from the presence of various contaminants associated with the fibers as a result of manufacturing processes and uses. The former category includes an expected loss of swelling ability and decreased wet-flexibility, especially after kraft fibers are dried. The latter category includes effects of inks, de-inking agents, stickies, and additives used during previous cycles of papermaking. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T21:21:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9309a38fa5d6441cbac831a033c2073f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1930-2126 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T21:21:41Z |
| publishDate | 2007-11-01 |
| publisher | North Carolina State University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BioResources |
| spelling | doaj.art-9309a38fa5d6441cbac831a033c2073f2022-12-22T03:16:17ZengNorth Carolina State UniversityBioResources1930-21262007-11-0124739788WHAT HAPPENS TO CELLULOSIC FIBERS DURING PAPERMAKING AND RECYCLING? A REVIEWOrlando J. RojasRichard A. VendittiMartin A. HubbeBoth reversible and irreversible changes take place as cellulosic fibers are manufactured into paper products one or more times. This review considers both physical and chemical changes. It is proposed that by understanding these changes one can make better use of cellulosic fibers at various stages of their life cycles, achieving a broad range of paper performance characteristics. Some of the changes that occur as a result of recycling are inherent to the fibers themselves. Other changes may result from the presence of various contaminants associated with the fibers as a result of manufacturing processes and uses. The former category includes an expected loss of swelling ability and decreased wet-flexibility, especially after kraft fibers are dried. The latter category includes effects of inks, de-inking agents, stickies, and additives used during previous cycles of papermaking.http://ojs.cnr.ncsu.edu/index.php/BioRes/article/viewFile/BioRes_2_4_739_788_Hubbe_VR_RecyclingCellulosicFibers_Review/82Paper recyclingDryingDeinkingHornificationInter-fiber bondingRefiningFinesFiber lengthConformability |
| spellingShingle | Orlando J. Rojas Richard A. Venditti Martin A. Hubbe WHAT HAPPENS TO CELLULOSIC FIBERS DURING PAPERMAKING AND RECYCLING? A REVIEW BioResources Paper recycling Drying Deinking Hornification Inter-fiber bonding Refining Fines Fiber length Conformability |
| title | WHAT HAPPENS TO CELLULOSIC FIBERS DURING PAPERMAKING AND RECYCLING? A REVIEW |
| title_full | WHAT HAPPENS TO CELLULOSIC FIBERS DURING PAPERMAKING AND RECYCLING? A REVIEW |
| title_fullStr | WHAT HAPPENS TO CELLULOSIC FIBERS DURING PAPERMAKING AND RECYCLING? A REVIEW |
| title_full_unstemmed | WHAT HAPPENS TO CELLULOSIC FIBERS DURING PAPERMAKING AND RECYCLING? A REVIEW |
| title_short | WHAT HAPPENS TO CELLULOSIC FIBERS DURING PAPERMAKING AND RECYCLING? A REVIEW |
| title_sort | what happens to cellulosic fibers during papermaking and recycling a review |
| topic | Paper recycling Drying Deinking Hornification Inter-fiber bonding Refining Fines Fiber length Conformability |
| url | http://ojs.cnr.ncsu.edu/index.php/BioRes/article/viewFile/BioRes_2_4_739_788_Hubbe_VR_RecyclingCellulosicFibers_Review/82 |
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