Preliminary Results on Tropospheric ZTD Estimation by Smartphone
The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver is one of the many sensors embedded in smartphones. The early versions of the Android operating system could only access limited information from the GNSS, allowing the related Application Program Interface (API) to obtain only the location. Wit...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/22/4567 |
| _version_ | 1827675523434676224 |
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| author | Lorenzo Benvenuto Paolo Dabove Ilaria Ferrando Domenico Sguerso |
| author_facet | Lorenzo Benvenuto Paolo Dabove Ilaria Ferrando Domenico Sguerso |
| author_sort | Lorenzo Benvenuto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver is one of the many sensors embedded in smartphones. The early versions of the Android operating system could only access limited information from the GNSS, allowing the related Application Program Interface (API) to obtain only the location. With the development of the Android 7.0 (Nougat) operating system in May 2016, raw measurements from the internal GNSS sensor installed in the smartphone could be accessed. This work aims to show an initial analysis regarding the feasibility of Zenith Total Delay (ZTD) estimation by GNSS measurements extracted from smartphones, evaluating the accuracy of estimation to open a new window on troposphere local monitoring. Two different test sites have been considered, and two different types of software for data processing have been used. ZTDs have been estimated from both a dual-frequency and a multi-constellation receiver embedded in the smartphone, and from a GNSS Continuously Operating Reference Station (CORS). The results have shown interesting performances in terms of ZTD estimation from the smartphone in respect of the estimations obtained with a geodetic receiver. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:06:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9328497583d747d990b3793eaf2c1c56 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:06:13Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-9328497583d747d990b3793eaf2c1c562023-11-23T01:19:33ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922021-11-011322456710.3390/rs13224567Preliminary Results on Tropospheric ZTD Estimation by SmartphoneLorenzo Benvenuto0Paolo Dabove1Ilaria Ferrando2Domenico Sguerso3Department of Informatics Bioengineering Robotics and Systems Engineering (DIBRIS), University of Genoa, via Dodecaneso 35, 16146 Genoa, ItalyDepartment of Environment, Land, and Infrastructure Engineering (DIATI), Politecnico di Torino, corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, ItalyDepartment of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering (DICCA), University of Genoa, via Montallegro 1, 16145 Genoa, ItalyDepartment of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering (DICCA), University of Genoa, via Montallegro 1, 16145 Genoa, ItalyThe Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver is one of the many sensors embedded in smartphones. The early versions of the Android operating system could only access limited information from the GNSS, allowing the related Application Program Interface (API) to obtain only the location. With the development of the Android 7.0 (Nougat) operating system in May 2016, raw measurements from the internal GNSS sensor installed in the smartphone could be accessed. This work aims to show an initial analysis regarding the feasibility of Zenith Total Delay (ZTD) estimation by GNSS measurements extracted from smartphones, evaluating the accuracy of estimation to open a new window on troposphere local monitoring. Two different test sites have been considered, and two different types of software for data processing have been used. ZTDs have been estimated from both a dual-frequency and a multi-constellation receiver embedded in the smartphone, and from a GNSS Continuously Operating Reference Station (CORS). The results have shown interesting performances in terms of ZTD estimation from the smartphone in respect of the estimations obtained with a geodetic receiver.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/22/4567Zenith Total Delay (ZTD)smartphonesGNSS positioningtroposphere monitoringlow-cost mass-market devices |
| spellingShingle | Lorenzo Benvenuto Paolo Dabove Ilaria Ferrando Domenico Sguerso Preliminary Results on Tropospheric ZTD Estimation by Smartphone Remote Sensing Zenith Total Delay (ZTD) smartphones GNSS positioning troposphere monitoring low-cost mass-market devices |
| title | Preliminary Results on Tropospheric ZTD Estimation by Smartphone |
| title_full | Preliminary Results on Tropospheric ZTD Estimation by Smartphone |
| title_fullStr | Preliminary Results on Tropospheric ZTD Estimation by Smartphone |
| title_full_unstemmed | Preliminary Results on Tropospheric ZTD Estimation by Smartphone |
| title_short | Preliminary Results on Tropospheric ZTD Estimation by Smartphone |
| title_sort | preliminary results on tropospheric ztd estimation by smartphone |
| topic | Zenith Total Delay (ZTD) smartphones GNSS positioning troposphere monitoring low-cost mass-market devices |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/22/4567 |
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