Improving the quality of Napier grass silage with pyroligneous acid: Fermentation, aerobic stability, and microbial communities
The presence of undesirable microorganisms in silage always leads to poor fermentation quality and low aerobic stability. Pyroligneous acid (PA), a by-product of biochar production, is known to have strong antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. To investigate the effects of PA on fermentation cha...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1034198/full |
| _version_ | 1811322303523323904 |
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| author | Dandan Chen Mingyang Zheng Yuxin Zhou Lin Gao Wei Zhou Mingya Wang Yongwen Zhu Weijie Xu |
| author_facet | Dandan Chen Mingyang Zheng Yuxin Zhou Lin Gao Wei Zhou Mingya Wang Yongwen Zhu Weijie Xu |
| author_sort | Dandan Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The presence of undesirable microorganisms in silage always leads to poor fermentation quality and low aerobic stability. Pyroligneous acid (PA), a by-product of biochar production, is known to have strong antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. To investigate the effects of PA on fermentation characteristics, aerobic stability, and microbial communities, Napier grass was ensiled with or without 1 and 2% PA for 30 days and then aerobically stored for 5 days. The results showed that PA application decreased (P < 0.01) the pH value, ammonia nitrogen content, and number of undesirable microorganisms (coliform bacteria, yeasts, and molds) after 30 days of ensiling and 5 days of exposure to air. The temperature of the PA-treated group was stable during the 5-day aerobic test, which did not exceed room temperature more than 2°C. The addition of PA also enhanced the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and reduced that of Klebsiella and Kosakonia. The relative abundance of Candida was higher in PA-treated silage than in untreated silage. The addition of PA decreased the relative abundance of Kodamaea and increased that of Monascus after 5 days of exposure to air. The abundances of Cladosporium and Neurospora were relatively high in 2% PA-treated NG, while these genera were note observed in the control group. These results suggested that the addition of PA could improve fermentation characteristics and aerobic stability, and alter microbial communities of silage. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T13:32:49Z |
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| id | doaj.art-932fa0d113754bd5a156f44b4eb8bd76 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T13:32:49Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-932fa0d113754bd5a156f44b4eb8bd762022-12-22T02:44:53ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2022-11-011310.3389/fmicb.2022.10341981034198Improving the quality of Napier grass silage with pyroligneous acid: Fermentation, aerobic stability, and microbial communitiesDandan Chen0Mingyang Zheng1Yuxin Zhou2Lin Gao3Wei Zhou4Mingya Wang5Yongwen Zhu6Weijie Xu7Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Province Research Center of Woody Forage Engineering Technology, Guangdong Research and Development Centre of Modern Agriculture (Woody Forage) Industrial Technology, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, ChinaGuangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Province Research Center of Woody Forage Engineering Technology, Guangdong Research and Development Centre of Modern Agriculture (Woody Forage) Industrial Technology, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, ChinaGuangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Province Research Center of Woody Forage Engineering Technology, Guangdong Research and Development Centre of Modern Agriculture (Woody Forage) Industrial Technology, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, ChinaGuangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Province Research Center of Woody Forage Engineering Technology, Guangdong Research and Development Centre of Modern Agriculture (Woody Forage) Industrial Technology, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, ChinaGuangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Province Research Center of Woody Forage Engineering Technology, Guangdong Research and Development Centre of Modern Agriculture (Woody Forage) Industrial Technology, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, ChinaCollege of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, ChinaZhengzhi Poultry Industry Co., Ltd., Shantou, ChinaThe presence of undesirable microorganisms in silage always leads to poor fermentation quality and low aerobic stability. Pyroligneous acid (PA), a by-product of biochar production, is known to have strong antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. To investigate the effects of PA on fermentation characteristics, aerobic stability, and microbial communities, Napier grass was ensiled with or without 1 and 2% PA for 30 days and then aerobically stored for 5 days. The results showed that PA application decreased (P < 0.01) the pH value, ammonia nitrogen content, and number of undesirable microorganisms (coliform bacteria, yeasts, and molds) after 30 days of ensiling and 5 days of exposure to air. The temperature of the PA-treated group was stable during the 5-day aerobic test, which did not exceed room temperature more than 2°C. The addition of PA also enhanced the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and reduced that of Klebsiella and Kosakonia. The relative abundance of Candida was higher in PA-treated silage than in untreated silage. The addition of PA decreased the relative abundance of Kodamaea and increased that of Monascus after 5 days of exposure to air. The abundances of Cladosporium and Neurospora were relatively high in 2% PA-treated NG, while these genera were note observed in the control group. These results suggested that the addition of PA could improve fermentation characteristics and aerobic stability, and alter microbial communities of silage.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1034198/fullpyroligneous acidfermentation qualitymicrobial communitiesaerobic stabilityNapier grass |
| spellingShingle | Dandan Chen Mingyang Zheng Yuxin Zhou Lin Gao Wei Zhou Mingya Wang Yongwen Zhu Weijie Xu Improving the quality of Napier grass silage with pyroligneous acid: Fermentation, aerobic stability, and microbial communities Frontiers in Microbiology pyroligneous acid fermentation quality microbial communities aerobic stability Napier grass |
| title | Improving the quality of Napier grass silage with pyroligneous acid: Fermentation, aerobic stability, and microbial communities |
| title_full | Improving the quality of Napier grass silage with pyroligneous acid: Fermentation, aerobic stability, and microbial communities |
| title_fullStr | Improving the quality of Napier grass silage with pyroligneous acid: Fermentation, aerobic stability, and microbial communities |
| title_full_unstemmed | Improving the quality of Napier grass silage with pyroligneous acid: Fermentation, aerobic stability, and microbial communities |
| title_short | Improving the quality of Napier grass silage with pyroligneous acid: Fermentation, aerobic stability, and microbial communities |
| title_sort | improving the quality of napier grass silage with pyroligneous acid fermentation aerobic stability and microbial communities |
| topic | pyroligneous acid fermentation quality microbial communities aerobic stability Napier grass |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1034198/full |
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