Putative Cancer Stem Cell Markers are Frequently Expressed by Melanoma Cells in Vitro and in Situ but are also Present in Benign Differentiated Cells
Background: Currently, there remains an incomplete view of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in solid tumours. Methods: We studied a panel of putative CSC surface markers (ALDH1A1, ABCG2, CD44v7/8, CD44v10, CD133, CD271, and Nestin) in 40 established melanoma cell lines and four early-passage melanoma strain...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IMR Press
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark |
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| Online Access: | https://www.imrpress.com/journal/FBL/28/9/10.31083/j.fbl2809193 |
| _version_ | 1797665014637658112 |
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| author | Lisa Speigl Nicole Janssen Benjamin Weide Tobias Sinnberg Graham Pawelec Christopher Shipp |
| author_facet | Lisa Speigl Nicole Janssen Benjamin Weide Tobias Sinnberg Graham Pawelec Christopher Shipp |
| author_sort | Lisa Speigl |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Currently, there remains an incomplete view of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in solid tumours. Methods: We studied a panel of putative CSC surface markers (ALDH1A1, ABCG2, CD44v7/8, CD44v10, CD133, CD271, and Nestin) in 40 established melanoma cell lines and four early-passage melanoma strains by flow cytometry. We additionally examined 40 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded melanoma tissues using immunofluorescence microscopy. This was compared with their expression in healthy skin, normal differentiated melanocytes and fibroblasts. Results: Most of the putative CSC markers were expressed by both melanoma cell lines and tissues. When present, these proteins were expressed by the majority of cells in the population. However, the expression of these markers by cells in healthy skin sections, normal differentiated melanocytes, and fibroblasts revealed that differentiated non-malignant cells also expressed CSC markers indicating that they lack of specificity for CSCs. Culturing cell lines under conditions more characteristic of the tumour microenvironment upregulated CSC marker expressions in a proportion of cell lines, which correlated with improved cell growth and viability. Conclusions: The testing of melanoma cell lines (n = 40), early-passage cell strains (n = 4), and melanoma tissues (n = 40) showed that several putative CSC markers (ALDH1A1, ABCG2, CD44v7/8, CD44v10, CD133, CD271, and Nestin) are commonly present in a large proportion of melanoma cells in vitro and in situ. Further, we showed that these putative markers lack specificity for CSCs because they are also expressed in differentiated non-malignant cell types (melanocytes, fibroblasts, and skin), which could limit their use as therapeutic targets. These data are consistent with the emerging notion of CSC plasticity and phenotype switching within cancer cell populations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T19:37:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-93302d05aa4a46cc8dbe91b910ce0c37 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2768-6701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T19:37:44Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | IMR Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark |
| spelling | doaj.art-93302d05aa4a46cc8dbe91b910ce0c372023-10-06T13:06:35ZengIMR PressFrontiers in Bioscience-Landmark2768-67012023-09-0128919310.31083/j.fbl2809193S2768-6701(23)00998-XPutative Cancer Stem Cell Markers are Frequently Expressed by Melanoma Cells in Vitro and in Situ but are also Present in Benign Differentiated CellsLisa Speigl0Nicole Janssen1Benjamin Weide2Tobias Sinnberg3Graham Pawelec4Christopher Shipp5Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Tübingen, 72072 Tübingen, GermanyDepartment of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Tübingen, 72072 Tübingen, GermanyDepartment of Dermatology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, GermanyDepartment of Dermatology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, GermanyDepartment of Immunology, University of Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, GermanyDepartment of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Tübingen, 72072 Tübingen, GermanyBackground: Currently, there remains an incomplete view of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in solid tumours. Methods: We studied a panel of putative CSC surface markers (ALDH1A1, ABCG2, CD44v7/8, CD44v10, CD133, CD271, and Nestin) in 40 established melanoma cell lines and four early-passage melanoma strains by flow cytometry. We additionally examined 40 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded melanoma tissues using immunofluorescence microscopy. This was compared with their expression in healthy skin, normal differentiated melanocytes and fibroblasts. Results: Most of the putative CSC markers were expressed by both melanoma cell lines and tissues. When present, these proteins were expressed by the majority of cells in the population. However, the expression of these markers by cells in healthy skin sections, normal differentiated melanocytes, and fibroblasts revealed that differentiated non-malignant cells also expressed CSC markers indicating that they lack of specificity for CSCs. Culturing cell lines under conditions more characteristic of the tumour microenvironment upregulated CSC marker expressions in a proportion of cell lines, which correlated with improved cell growth and viability. Conclusions: The testing of melanoma cell lines (n = 40), early-passage cell strains (n = 4), and melanoma tissues (n = 40) showed that several putative CSC markers (ALDH1A1, ABCG2, CD44v7/8, CD44v10, CD133, CD271, and Nestin) are commonly present in a large proportion of melanoma cells in vitro and in situ. Further, we showed that these putative markers lack specificity for CSCs because they are also expressed in differentiated non-malignant cell types (melanocytes, fibroblasts, and skin), which could limit their use as therapeutic targets. These data are consistent with the emerging notion of CSC plasticity and phenotype switching within cancer cell populations.https://www.imrpress.com/journal/FBL/28/9/10.31083/j.fbl2809193melanomacancer stem cellscell linestissue |
| spellingShingle | Lisa Speigl Nicole Janssen Benjamin Weide Tobias Sinnberg Graham Pawelec Christopher Shipp Putative Cancer Stem Cell Markers are Frequently Expressed by Melanoma Cells in Vitro and in Situ but are also Present in Benign Differentiated Cells Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark melanoma cancer stem cells cell lines tissue |
| title | Putative Cancer Stem Cell Markers are Frequently Expressed by Melanoma Cells in Vitro and in Situ but are also Present in Benign Differentiated Cells |
| title_full | Putative Cancer Stem Cell Markers are Frequently Expressed by Melanoma Cells in Vitro and in Situ but are also Present in Benign Differentiated Cells |
| title_fullStr | Putative Cancer Stem Cell Markers are Frequently Expressed by Melanoma Cells in Vitro and in Situ but are also Present in Benign Differentiated Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Putative Cancer Stem Cell Markers are Frequently Expressed by Melanoma Cells in Vitro and in Situ but are also Present in Benign Differentiated Cells |
| title_short | Putative Cancer Stem Cell Markers are Frequently Expressed by Melanoma Cells in Vitro and in Situ but are also Present in Benign Differentiated Cells |
| title_sort | putative cancer stem cell markers are frequently expressed by melanoma cells in vitro and in situ but are also present in benign differentiated cells |
| topic | melanoma cancer stem cells cell lines tissue |
| url | https://www.imrpress.com/journal/FBL/28/9/10.31083/j.fbl2809193 |
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