Validation of Actuator Line Modeling and Large Eddy Simulations of Kite-Borne Tidal Stream Turbines against ADCP Observations
The representation of tidal energy in future renewable energy systems is growing. Most of the current tidal turbine designs are limited by the minimum current velocity required for efficient operation. The Deep Green (DG) is a kite-borne tidal power plant designed to sustain efficient operation in t...
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/16/6040 |
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| author | Nimal Sudhan Saravana Prabahar Sam T. Fredriksson Göran Broström Björn Bergqvist |
| author_facet | Nimal Sudhan Saravana Prabahar Sam T. Fredriksson Göran Broström Björn Bergqvist |
| author_sort | Nimal Sudhan Saravana Prabahar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The representation of tidal energy in future renewable energy systems is growing. Most of the current tidal turbine designs are limited by the minimum current velocity required for efficient operation. The Deep Green (DG) is a kite-borne tidal power plant designed to sustain efficient operation in tidal current velocities as low as 1.2 ms<sup>−1</sup>. This could increase the geographical areas suitable for large-scale tidal power arrays. Numerical modeling of the Deep Green was carried out in a previous study using large eddy simulations and the actuator line method. This numerical model is compared with acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) measurements taken in the wake of a DG operating in a tidal flow under similar conditions. To be comparable, and since the ADCP measures current velocities using averages of beam components, the numerical model data were resampled using a virtual ADCP in the domain. The sensitivity of the wake observations to ADCP parameters such as pulse length, bin length, and orientation of the beams is studied using this virtual ADCP. After resampling with this virtual ADCP, the numerical model showed good agreement with the observations. Overall, the LES/ALM model predicted the flow features well compared to the observations, although the turbulence levels were underpredicted for an undisturbed tidal flow and overestimated in the DG wake 70 m downstream. The velocity deficit in the DG wake was weaker in the observations compared to the LES. The ALM/LES modeling of kite-borne tidal stream turbines is suitable for further studies of array optimization and wake propagation, etc. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:58:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-93343df112104b7d95426ec7c1655f6a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:58:28Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-93343df112104b7d95426ec7c1655f6a2023-11-19T00:57:52ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732023-08-011616604010.3390/en16166040Validation of Actuator Line Modeling and Large Eddy Simulations of Kite-Borne Tidal Stream Turbines against ADCP ObservationsNimal Sudhan Saravana Prabahar0Sam T. Fredriksson1Göran Broström2Björn Bergqvist3Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, SwedenDepartment of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, SwedenDepartment of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, SwedenMinesto AB, 421 30 Gothenburg, SwedenThe representation of tidal energy in future renewable energy systems is growing. Most of the current tidal turbine designs are limited by the minimum current velocity required for efficient operation. The Deep Green (DG) is a kite-borne tidal power plant designed to sustain efficient operation in tidal current velocities as low as 1.2 ms<sup>−1</sup>. This could increase the geographical areas suitable for large-scale tidal power arrays. Numerical modeling of the Deep Green was carried out in a previous study using large eddy simulations and the actuator line method. This numerical model is compared with acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) measurements taken in the wake of a DG operating in a tidal flow under similar conditions. To be comparable, and since the ADCP measures current velocities using averages of beam components, the numerical model data were resampled using a virtual ADCP in the domain. The sensitivity of the wake observations to ADCP parameters such as pulse length, bin length, and orientation of the beams is studied using this virtual ADCP. After resampling with this virtual ADCP, the numerical model showed good agreement with the observations. Overall, the LES/ALM model predicted the flow features well compared to the observations, although the turbulence levels were underpredicted for an undisturbed tidal flow and overestimated in the DG wake 70 m downstream. The velocity deficit in the DG wake was weaker in the observations compared to the LES. The ALM/LES modeling of kite-borne tidal stream turbines is suitable for further studies of array optimization and wake propagation, etc.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/16/6040tidal turbineskite-borne turbinesADCPactuator line methoddeep greentidal power kites |
| spellingShingle | Nimal Sudhan Saravana Prabahar Sam T. Fredriksson Göran Broström Björn Bergqvist Validation of Actuator Line Modeling and Large Eddy Simulations of Kite-Borne Tidal Stream Turbines against ADCP Observations Energies tidal turbines kite-borne turbines ADCP actuator line method deep green tidal power kites |
| title | Validation of Actuator Line Modeling and Large Eddy Simulations of Kite-Borne Tidal Stream Turbines against ADCP Observations |
| title_full | Validation of Actuator Line Modeling and Large Eddy Simulations of Kite-Borne Tidal Stream Turbines against ADCP Observations |
| title_fullStr | Validation of Actuator Line Modeling and Large Eddy Simulations of Kite-Borne Tidal Stream Turbines against ADCP Observations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Validation of Actuator Line Modeling and Large Eddy Simulations of Kite-Borne Tidal Stream Turbines against ADCP Observations |
| title_short | Validation of Actuator Line Modeling and Large Eddy Simulations of Kite-Borne Tidal Stream Turbines against ADCP Observations |
| title_sort | validation of actuator line modeling and large eddy simulations of kite borne tidal stream turbines against adcp observations |
| topic | tidal turbines kite-borne turbines ADCP actuator line method deep green tidal power kites |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/16/6040 |
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