Interaction between Thiamethoxam and Deformed Wing Virus Type A on Wing Characteristics and Expression of Immune and Apoptosis Genes in <i>Apis mellifera</i>

Interaction between Thiamethoxam and Deformed Wing Virus Type A on Wing Characteristics and Expression of Immune and Apoptosis Genes in <i>Apis mellifera</i>

Honey bees are economically important insects for crop pollination. They play a significant role as pollinators of wild plants and agricultural crops and produce economical products, such as honey, royal jelly, wax, pollen, propolis, and venom. Despite their ecological and economical importance, the...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Patcharin Phokasem, Wannapha Mookhploy, Sasiprapa Krongdang, Chainarong Sinpoo, Panuwan Chantawannakul
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2022-05-01
Series:Insects
Subjects:
apoptosis
DWV-A
immune
pathogens
pesticides
thiamethoxam
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/13/6/515

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