Detection of Campylobacter spp. in farmed sheep in Mymensingh division of Bangladesh: Prevalence, risk factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility status
Background and Aim: Campylobacter infections in sheep may be asymptomatic or cause enteritis, ileitis, infertility, and abortion. Thus, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in farming sheep and to detect risk factors, molecular patterns, and antimicrobial susceptibility...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Veterinary World
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Veterinary World |
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| Online Access: | https://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.17/February-2024/2.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797335984479666176 |
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| author | Md. Ashiquen Nobi A. K. M. Ziaul Haque M. Rafiqul Islam Sk Shaheenur Islam Mohammad Arif Mahmudul Hasan Sikder S. M. Lutful Kabir |
| author_facet | Md. Ashiquen Nobi A. K. M. Ziaul Haque M. Rafiqul Islam Sk Shaheenur Islam Mohammad Arif Mahmudul Hasan Sikder S. M. Lutful Kabir |
| author_sort | Md. Ashiquen Nobi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background and Aim: Campylobacter infections in sheep may be asymptomatic or cause enteritis, ileitis, infertility, and abortion. Thus, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in farming sheep and to detect risk factors, molecular patterns, and antimicrobial susceptibility status of these pathogens.
Materials and Methods: Four hundred and eight fecal samples were collected from 12 flocks in the Mymensingh and Sherpur districts. Samples were tested by both basic (culture and biochemical tests) and molecular (initially 16S rRNA and later hipO gene-based polymerase chain reaction). Furthermore, the antimicrobial susceptibility status of Campylobacter jejuni was confirmed using disk diffusion. Flock- and animal-level data were captured using semi-structured interviews with farm owners under bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to confirm the risk factors for Campylobacter-positive status.
Results: The prevalence of C. jejuni staining at the animal and flock levels was 8.82% (36/408) and 66.70% (8/12), respectively. The age of sheep was identified as an important risk factor. Up to 1 year of age, sheep were 3.78 times more likely to be infected with C. jejuni (95% confidence interval: 1.0736–13.3146, p = 0.038). Of the 36 isolates of C. jejuni, all were found to be fully susceptible (100%) to gentamicin and ciprofloxacin. In this study, three antimicrobial agents, oxytetracycline, azithromycin, and ceftriaxone, were fully resistant (100%). The majority of isolates were resistant to a combination of 4–6 antimicrobial agents.
Conclusion: The present study highlights the predominant maintenance of zoonotic Campylobacter species in sheep, and their burden on human health is enormous. Therefore, environmental, animal, and human health needs to be focused under a One Health lens to mitigate the occurrence of Campylobacter in farm settings and to prevent further introduction to animals and humans. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T08:47:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-935b8a108d584614b75f42802d8ee76e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0972-8988 2231-0916 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T08:47:23Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | Veterinary World |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Veterinary World |
| spelling | doaj.art-935b8a108d584614b75f42802d8ee76e2024-02-01T15:12:39ZengVeterinary WorldVeterinary World0972-89882231-09162024-02-0117224525410.14202/vetworld.2024.245-254Detection of Campylobacter spp. in farmed sheep in Mymensingh division of Bangladesh: Prevalence, risk factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility statusMd. Ashiquen Nobi0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4477-2526A. K. M. Ziaul Haque1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6271-8486M. Rafiqul Islam2https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7028-129XSk Shaheenur Islam3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0939-5948Mohammad Arif4https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3432-7696Mahmudul Hasan Sikder5https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8792-9397S. M. Lutful Kabir6https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3684-3387Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.Kazi Farms Poultry Laboratory, Holding no-8/1, Floor no-A3 and A4, Padma Plaza (Opposite of Gazipur Commerce College), Chandana - Chowrasta, Gazipur-1704, Bangladesh.Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.Department of Livestock Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Dhaka-1215, Bangladesh.Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.Department of Pharmacology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.Background and Aim: Campylobacter infections in sheep may be asymptomatic or cause enteritis, ileitis, infertility, and abortion. Thus, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in farming sheep and to detect risk factors, molecular patterns, and antimicrobial susceptibility status of these pathogens. Materials and Methods: Four hundred and eight fecal samples were collected from 12 flocks in the Mymensingh and Sherpur districts. Samples were tested by both basic (culture and biochemical tests) and molecular (initially 16S rRNA and later hipO gene-based polymerase chain reaction). Furthermore, the antimicrobial susceptibility status of Campylobacter jejuni was confirmed using disk diffusion. Flock- and animal-level data were captured using semi-structured interviews with farm owners under bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to confirm the risk factors for Campylobacter-positive status. Results: The prevalence of C. jejuni staining at the animal and flock levels was 8.82% (36/408) and 66.70% (8/12), respectively. The age of sheep was identified as an important risk factor. Up to 1 year of age, sheep were 3.78 times more likely to be infected with C. jejuni (95% confidence interval: 1.0736–13.3146, p = 0.038). Of the 36 isolates of C. jejuni, all were found to be fully susceptible (100%) to gentamicin and ciprofloxacin. In this study, three antimicrobial agents, oxytetracycline, azithromycin, and ceftriaxone, were fully resistant (100%). The majority of isolates were resistant to a combination of 4–6 antimicrobial agents. Conclusion: The present study highlights the predominant maintenance of zoonotic Campylobacter species in sheep, and their burden on human health is enormous. Therefore, environmental, animal, and human health needs to be focused under a One Health lens to mitigate the occurrence of Campylobacter in farm settings and to prevent further introduction to animals and humans.https://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.17/February-2024/2.pdfantimicrobial resistancecampylobacter jejuniidentificationisolationprevalencerisk factorssheep |
| spellingShingle | Md. Ashiquen Nobi A. K. M. Ziaul Haque M. Rafiqul Islam Sk Shaheenur Islam Mohammad Arif Mahmudul Hasan Sikder S. M. Lutful Kabir Detection of Campylobacter spp. in farmed sheep in Mymensingh division of Bangladesh: Prevalence, risk factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility status Veterinary World antimicrobial resistance campylobacter jejuni identification isolation prevalence risk factors sheep |
| title | Detection of Campylobacter spp. in farmed sheep in Mymensingh division of Bangladesh: Prevalence, risk factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility status |
| title_full | Detection of Campylobacter spp. in farmed sheep in Mymensingh division of Bangladesh: Prevalence, risk factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility status |
| title_fullStr | Detection of Campylobacter spp. in farmed sheep in Mymensingh division of Bangladesh: Prevalence, risk factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility status |
| title_full_unstemmed | Detection of Campylobacter spp. in farmed sheep in Mymensingh division of Bangladesh: Prevalence, risk factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility status |
| title_short | Detection of Campylobacter spp. in farmed sheep in Mymensingh division of Bangladesh: Prevalence, risk factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility status |
| title_sort | detection of campylobacter spp in farmed sheep in mymensingh division of bangladesh prevalence risk factors and antimicrobial susceptibility status |
| topic | antimicrobial resistance campylobacter jejuni identification isolation prevalence risk factors sheep |
| url | https://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.17/February-2024/2.pdf |
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