Joint Associations of Maternal Gestational Diabetes and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy With Overweight in Offspring
Objectives: Either maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) or hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (HDP) is associated with an increased risk of obesity in the offspring. However, their joint associations with obesity in offspring remain unclear. We investigated the joint associations of maternal...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fendo.2019.00645/full |
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| author | Yuying Gu Yuying Gu Jun Lu Jun Lu Weiqin Li Huikun Liu Leishen Wang Junhong Leng Wei Li Shuang Zhang Shuting Wang Jaakko Tuomilehto Zhijie Yu Xilin Yang Andrea A. Baccarelli Lifang Hou Gang Hu |
| author_facet | Yuying Gu Yuying Gu Jun Lu Jun Lu Weiqin Li Huikun Liu Leishen Wang Junhong Leng Wei Li Shuang Zhang Shuting Wang Jaakko Tuomilehto Zhijie Yu Xilin Yang Andrea A. Baccarelli Lifang Hou Gang Hu |
| author_sort | Yuying Gu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objectives: Either maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) or hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (HDP) is associated with an increased risk of obesity in the offspring. However, their joint associations with obesity in offspring remain unclear. We investigated the joint associations of maternal GDM and HDP with childhood overweight in offspring.Methods: We performed a large study in 1967 mother-child pairs. Maternal GDM was diagnosed according to the 1999 World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. HDP was defined as self-reported doctor-diagnosed hypertension or treatment of hypertension (including gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, sever preeclampsia or eclampsia) after 20 weeks of gestation on the questionnaire. Body mass index (BMI) for age Z-score and childhood overweight were evaluated according to WHO growth reference. We used the general linear models to compare children's Z score for BMI and logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios of childhood overweight according to maternal different status of GDM and HDP.Results: Offspring of mothers with both GDM and HDP had a higher BMI for age Z-score (0.63 vs. 0.03, P < 0.001) than children born to normotensive and normoglycemic pregnancy. After adjustment for maternal and children's major confounding factors, joint GDM and HDP were associated with increased odds ratios of offspring's overweight compared with normotensive and normoglycemic pregnancy (2.97, 95% confidence intervals [CIs] 1.65–5.34) and GDM alone (2.06, 95% CIs 1.20–3.54), respectively. After additional adjustment for maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain, joint maternal GDM, and HDP was still associated with an increased risk of offspring's overweight compared with the maternal normotensive, and normoglycemic group but became to have a borderline increased risk compared with the maternal GDM alone group.Conclusions: Maternal GDM alone or joint GDM and HDP were associated with increased ratios of offspring's overweight. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T23:01:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-935c87474ba4455a9d738b38d96a3e03 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-2392 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T23:01:54Z |
| publishDate | 2019-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj.art-935c87474ba4455a9d738b38d96a3e032022-12-21T20:02:28ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922019-09-011010.3389/fendo.2019.00645439795Joint Associations of Maternal Gestational Diabetes and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy With Overweight in OffspringYuying Gu0Yuying Gu1Jun Lu2Jun Lu3Weiqin Li4Huikun Liu5Leishen Wang6Junhong Leng7Wei Li8Shuang Zhang9Shuting Wang10Jaakko Tuomilehto11Zhijie Yu12Xilin Yang13Andrea A. Baccarelli14Lifang Hou15Gang Hu16Chronic Disease Epidemiology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United StatesShanghai Business School, Shanghai, ChinaChronic Disease Epidemiology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United StatesDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fengxian Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shanghai, ChinaTianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, ChinaTianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, ChinaTianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, ChinaTianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, ChinaTianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, ChinaTianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, ChinaTianjin Women's and Children's Health Center, Tianjin, ChinaDepartment of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FinlandPopulation Cancer Research Program, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, CanadaDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, ChinaDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, United StatesDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United StatesChronic Disease Epidemiology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United StatesObjectives: Either maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) or hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (HDP) is associated with an increased risk of obesity in the offspring. However, their joint associations with obesity in offspring remain unclear. We investigated the joint associations of maternal GDM and HDP with childhood overweight in offspring.Methods: We performed a large study in 1967 mother-child pairs. Maternal GDM was diagnosed according to the 1999 World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. HDP was defined as self-reported doctor-diagnosed hypertension or treatment of hypertension (including gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, sever preeclampsia or eclampsia) after 20 weeks of gestation on the questionnaire. Body mass index (BMI) for age Z-score and childhood overweight were evaluated according to WHO growth reference. We used the general linear models to compare children's Z score for BMI and logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios of childhood overweight according to maternal different status of GDM and HDP.Results: Offspring of mothers with both GDM and HDP had a higher BMI for age Z-score (0.63 vs. 0.03, P < 0.001) than children born to normotensive and normoglycemic pregnancy. After adjustment for maternal and children's major confounding factors, joint GDM and HDP were associated with increased odds ratios of offspring's overweight compared with normotensive and normoglycemic pregnancy (2.97, 95% confidence intervals [CIs] 1.65–5.34) and GDM alone (2.06, 95% CIs 1.20–3.54), respectively. After additional adjustment for maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain, joint maternal GDM, and HDP was still associated with an increased risk of offspring's overweight compared with the maternal normotensive, and normoglycemic group but became to have a borderline increased risk compared with the maternal GDM alone group.Conclusions: Maternal GDM alone or joint GDM and HDP were associated with increased ratios of offspring's overweight.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fendo.2019.00645/fullgestational diabetes mellitushypertensive disorders of pregnancyoverweightobesitychildhood |
| spellingShingle | Yuying Gu Yuying Gu Jun Lu Jun Lu Weiqin Li Huikun Liu Leishen Wang Junhong Leng Wei Li Shuang Zhang Shuting Wang Jaakko Tuomilehto Zhijie Yu Xilin Yang Andrea A. Baccarelli Lifang Hou Gang Hu Joint Associations of Maternal Gestational Diabetes and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy With Overweight in Offspring Frontiers in Endocrinology gestational diabetes mellitus hypertensive disorders of pregnancy overweight obesity childhood |
| title | Joint Associations of Maternal Gestational Diabetes and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy With Overweight in Offspring |
| title_full | Joint Associations of Maternal Gestational Diabetes and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy With Overweight in Offspring |
| title_fullStr | Joint Associations of Maternal Gestational Diabetes and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy With Overweight in Offspring |
| title_full_unstemmed | Joint Associations of Maternal Gestational Diabetes and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy With Overweight in Offspring |
| title_short | Joint Associations of Maternal Gestational Diabetes and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy With Overweight in Offspring |
| title_sort | joint associations of maternal gestational diabetes and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy with overweight in offspring |
| topic | gestational diabetes mellitus hypertensive disorders of pregnancy overweight obesity childhood |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fendo.2019.00645/full |
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