Exploiting the Nephrotoxic Effects of Venom from the Sea Anemone, <em>Phyllodiscus semoni</em>, to Create a Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Model in the Rat
In the natural world, there are many creatures with venoms that have interesting and varied activities. Although the sea anemone, a member of the phylum <em>Coelenterata</em>, has venom that it uses to capture and immobilise small fishes and shrimp and for protection from...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2012-07-01
|
| Series: | Marine Drugs |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/10/7/1582 |
| _version_ | 1818014540154011648 |
|---|---|
| author | B. Paul Morgan Masashi Mizuno Yasuhiko Ito |
| author_facet | B. Paul Morgan Masashi Mizuno Yasuhiko Ito |
| author_sort | B. Paul Morgan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the natural world, there are many creatures with venoms that have interesting and varied activities. Although the sea anemone, a member of the phylum <em>Coelenterata</em>, has venom that it uses to capture and immobilise small fishes and shrimp and for protection from predators, most sea anemones are harmless to man. However, a few species are highly toxic; some have venoms containing neurotoxins, recently suggested as potential immune-modulators for therapeutic application in immune diseases. <em>Phyllodiscus semoni</em> is a highly toxic sea anemone; the venom has multiple effects, including lethality, hemolysis and renal injuries. We previously reported that venom extracted from <em>Phyllodiscus semoni</em> induced acute glomerular endothelial injuries in rats resembling hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), accompanied with complement dysregulation in glomeruli and suggested that the model might be useful for analyses of pathology and development of therapeutic approaches in HUS. In this mini-review, we describe in detail the venom-induced acute renal injuries in rat and summarize how the venom of <em>Phyllodiscus semoni</em> could have potential as a tool for analyses of complement activation and therapeutic interventions in HUS. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T06:45:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-936129e9785542f7949df033cbe7d0b3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1660-3397 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T06:45:56Z |
| publishDate | 2012-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Marine Drugs |
| spelling | doaj.art-936129e9785542f7949df033cbe7d0b32022-12-22T02:07:10ZengMDPI AGMarine Drugs1660-33972012-07-011071582160410.3390/md10071582Exploiting the Nephrotoxic Effects of Venom from the Sea Anemone, <em>Phyllodiscus semoni</em>, to Create a Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Model in the RatB. Paul MorganMasashi MizunoYasuhiko ItoIn the natural world, there are many creatures with venoms that have interesting and varied activities. Although the sea anemone, a member of the phylum <em>Coelenterata</em>, has venom that it uses to capture and immobilise small fishes and shrimp and for protection from predators, most sea anemones are harmless to man. However, a few species are highly toxic; some have venoms containing neurotoxins, recently suggested as potential immune-modulators for therapeutic application in immune diseases. <em>Phyllodiscus semoni</em> is a highly toxic sea anemone; the venom has multiple effects, including lethality, hemolysis and renal injuries. We previously reported that venom extracted from <em>Phyllodiscus semoni</em> induced acute glomerular endothelial injuries in rats resembling hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), accompanied with complement dysregulation in glomeruli and suggested that the model might be useful for analyses of pathology and development of therapeutic approaches in HUS. In this mini-review, we describe in detail the venom-induced acute renal injuries in rat and summarize how the venom of <em>Phyllodiscus semoni</em> could have potential as a tool for analyses of complement activation and therapeutic interventions in HUS.http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/10/7/1582sea anemonehemolytic uremic syndromecomplementcomplement regulatorsmarine envenomationrenal failure |
| spellingShingle | B. Paul Morgan Masashi Mizuno Yasuhiko Ito Exploiting the Nephrotoxic Effects of Venom from the Sea Anemone, <em>Phyllodiscus semoni</em>, to Create a Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Model in the Rat Marine Drugs sea anemone hemolytic uremic syndrome complement complement regulators marine envenomation renal failure |
| title | Exploiting the Nephrotoxic Effects of Venom from the Sea Anemone, <em>Phyllodiscus semoni</em>, to Create a Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Model in the Rat |
| title_full | Exploiting the Nephrotoxic Effects of Venom from the Sea Anemone, <em>Phyllodiscus semoni</em>, to Create a Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Model in the Rat |
| title_fullStr | Exploiting the Nephrotoxic Effects of Venom from the Sea Anemone, <em>Phyllodiscus semoni</em>, to Create a Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Model in the Rat |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploiting the Nephrotoxic Effects of Venom from the Sea Anemone, <em>Phyllodiscus semoni</em>, to Create a Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Model in the Rat |
| title_short | Exploiting the Nephrotoxic Effects of Venom from the Sea Anemone, <em>Phyllodiscus semoni</em>, to Create a Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Model in the Rat |
| title_sort | exploiting the nephrotoxic effects of venom from the sea anemone lt em gt phyllodiscus semoni lt em gt to create a hemolytic uremic syndrome model in the rat |
| topic | sea anemone hemolytic uremic syndrome complement complement regulators marine envenomation renal failure |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/10/7/1582 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT bpaulmorgan exploitingthenephrotoxiceffectsofvenomfromtheseaanemoneltemgtphyllodiscussemoniltemgttocreateahemolyticuremicsyndromemodelintherat AT masashimizuno exploitingthenephrotoxiceffectsofvenomfromtheseaanemoneltemgtphyllodiscussemoniltemgttocreateahemolyticuremicsyndromemodelintherat AT yasuhikoito exploitingthenephrotoxiceffectsofvenomfromtheseaanemoneltemgtphyllodiscussemoniltemgttocreateahemolyticuremicsyndromemodelintherat |