Evaluation of Surgical Aid of Methylene Blue in Addition to Intraoperative Gamma Probe for Sentinel Lymph Node Extirpation in 116 Canine Mast Cell Tumors (2017–2022)
Methylene Blue (MB) is combined with radiopharmaceutical for intraoperative sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping, but its role during SLN extirpation has not been investigated yet in veterinary medicine. The aim of this study was to assess whether MB increased surgical detection of SLN beyond the use o...
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/11/1854 |
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| author | Elisa Maria Gariboldi Alessandra Ubiali Lavinia Elena Chiti Roberta Ferrari Donatella De Zani Davide Danilo Zani Valeria Grieco Chiara Giudice Camilla Recordati Damiano Stefanello Luigi Auletta |
| author_facet | Elisa Maria Gariboldi Alessandra Ubiali Lavinia Elena Chiti Roberta Ferrari Donatella De Zani Davide Danilo Zani Valeria Grieco Chiara Giudice Camilla Recordati Damiano Stefanello Luigi Auletta |
| author_sort | Elisa Maria Gariboldi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Methylene Blue (MB) is combined with radiopharmaceutical for intraoperative sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping, but its role during SLN extirpation has not been investigated yet in veterinary medicine. The aim of this study was to assess whether MB increased surgical detection of SLN beyond the use of intraoperative gamma-probe (IGP) alone in clinically node-negative dogs with mast cell tumors (MCTs) following the detection of sentinel lymphocentrums (SLCs) via preoperative planar lymphoscintigraphy. Dogs enrolled underwent MCT excision and SLC exploration guided by both MB and IGP. Data recorded for each SLN were staining (blue/non-blue), radioactivity (hot/non-hot), and histopathological status (HN0-1 vs. HN2-3). A total of 103 dogs bearing 80 cutaneous, 35 subcutaneous, and 1 mucocutaneous MCTs were included; 140 SLCs were explored, for a total of 196 SLNs removed. Associating MB with IGP raised the SLNs detection rate from 90% to 95%. A total of 44% of SLNs were metastatic: 86% were blue/hot, 7% were only blue, 5% were only hot, and 2% were non-blue/non-hot. All HN3 SLNs were hot. Combining MB with IGP can increase the rate of SLN detection in dogs with MCTs; nonetheless, all lymph nodes identified during dissection should be removed, as they might be unstained but metastatic. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:12:37Z |
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| id | doaj.art-936d2a6876024fdf8363834e7f11c2bd |
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| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:12:37Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-936d2a6876024fdf8363834e7f11c2bd2023-11-18T07:30:35ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152023-06-011311185410.3390/ani13111854Evaluation of Surgical Aid of Methylene Blue in Addition to Intraoperative Gamma Probe for Sentinel Lymph Node Extirpation in 116 Canine Mast Cell Tumors (2017–2022)Elisa Maria Gariboldi0Alessandra Ubiali1Lavinia Elena Chiti2Roberta Ferrari3Donatella De Zani4Davide Danilo Zani5Valeria Grieco6Chiara Giudice7Camilla Recordati8Damiano Stefanello9Luigi Auletta10Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, ItalyMethylene Blue (MB) is combined with radiopharmaceutical for intraoperative sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping, but its role during SLN extirpation has not been investigated yet in veterinary medicine. The aim of this study was to assess whether MB increased surgical detection of SLN beyond the use of intraoperative gamma-probe (IGP) alone in clinically node-negative dogs with mast cell tumors (MCTs) following the detection of sentinel lymphocentrums (SLCs) via preoperative planar lymphoscintigraphy. Dogs enrolled underwent MCT excision and SLC exploration guided by both MB and IGP. Data recorded for each SLN were staining (blue/non-blue), radioactivity (hot/non-hot), and histopathological status (HN0-1 vs. HN2-3). A total of 103 dogs bearing 80 cutaneous, 35 subcutaneous, and 1 mucocutaneous MCTs were included; 140 SLCs were explored, for a total of 196 SLNs removed. Associating MB with IGP raised the SLNs detection rate from 90% to 95%. A total of 44% of SLNs were metastatic: 86% were blue/hot, 7% were only blue, 5% were only hot, and 2% were non-blue/non-hot. All HN3 SLNs were hot. Combining MB with IGP can increase the rate of SLN detection in dogs with MCTs; nonetheless, all lymph nodes identified during dissection should be removed, as they might be unstained but metastatic.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/11/1854veterinary oncologysentinel lymphocentrumsentinel lymph nodemast cell tumorcanineintraoperative mapping |
| spellingShingle | Elisa Maria Gariboldi Alessandra Ubiali Lavinia Elena Chiti Roberta Ferrari Donatella De Zani Davide Danilo Zani Valeria Grieco Chiara Giudice Camilla Recordati Damiano Stefanello Luigi Auletta Evaluation of Surgical Aid of Methylene Blue in Addition to Intraoperative Gamma Probe for Sentinel Lymph Node Extirpation in 116 Canine Mast Cell Tumors (2017–2022) Animals veterinary oncology sentinel lymphocentrum sentinel lymph node mast cell tumor canine intraoperative mapping |
| title | Evaluation of Surgical Aid of Methylene Blue in Addition to Intraoperative Gamma Probe for Sentinel Lymph Node Extirpation in 116 Canine Mast Cell Tumors (2017–2022) |
| title_full | Evaluation of Surgical Aid of Methylene Blue in Addition to Intraoperative Gamma Probe for Sentinel Lymph Node Extirpation in 116 Canine Mast Cell Tumors (2017–2022) |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of Surgical Aid of Methylene Blue in Addition to Intraoperative Gamma Probe for Sentinel Lymph Node Extirpation in 116 Canine Mast Cell Tumors (2017–2022) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of Surgical Aid of Methylene Blue in Addition to Intraoperative Gamma Probe for Sentinel Lymph Node Extirpation in 116 Canine Mast Cell Tumors (2017–2022) |
| title_short | Evaluation of Surgical Aid of Methylene Blue in Addition to Intraoperative Gamma Probe for Sentinel Lymph Node Extirpation in 116 Canine Mast Cell Tumors (2017–2022) |
| title_sort | evaluation of surgical aid of methylene blue in addition to intraoperative gamma probe for sentinel lymph node extirpation in 116 canine mast cell tumors 2017 2022 |
| topic | veterinary oncology sentinel lymphocentrum sentinel lymph node mast cell tumor canine intraoperative mapping |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/11/1854 |
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