| Summary: | Ahmad Khalid Aalemi,1,2 Idris Anwar,3 Hongxiang Chen11Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; 2Department of Epidemiology, Kabul University of Medical Sciences, Kabul 1001, Afghanistan; 3Department of Environmental Health, Kabul University of Medical Sciences, Kabul 1001, AfghanistanBackground: Previous observational studies suggest that the development of acne may be triggered by dairy intake.Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association of dairy intake and acne in Kabul citizens.Methods: From February to September 2018, 279 acne patients and 279 controls aged 10–24 years were enrolled in a case control study at the dermatologic outpatient department of Maiwand Teaching Hospital in Kabul City, Afghanistan. The acne severity was determined by a dermatologist using the Global Acne Severity Scale.Results: The consumption of whole milk 3 days or more per week was associated with moderate to severe acne (OR =2.36, 95% CI, 1.39–4.01). The association for low fat milk was less marked than for whole milk (OR 1.95 CI, 1.10–3.45). The risk was increased in those with a family history of acne in siblings (OR =4.13, 95% CI, 2.55–6.69). The risk was reduced in subjects doing physical exercise. No association with smoking emerged. A protective effect was associated with chicken consumption (OR =0.27, 95% CI, 0.15–0.49). Consumption of chocolate and chips was positively associated with acne.Conclusion: This study showed an association between high intakes of dairy products and acne in adolescence suggesting that dairy intake may be a factor contributing to acne.Keywords: acne, milk, dairy, dietary, case-control study, Kabul
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