Potential Role of Exosomes in the Chemoresistance to Gemcitabine and Nab-Paclitaxel in Pancreatic Cancer
In recent years, a growing number of studies have evaluated the role of exosomes in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cancer (PDAC) demonstrating their involvement in a multitude of pathways, including the induction of chemoresistance. The aim of this review is to present an overview of the current k...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Diagnostics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/2/286 |
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| author | Annalisa Comandatore Benoit Immordino Rita Balsano Mjriam Capula Ingrid Garajovà Joseph Ciccolini Elisa Giovannetti Luca Morelli |
| author_facet | Annalisa Comandatore Benoit Immordino Rita Balsano Mjriam Capula Ingrid Garajovà Joseph Ciccolini Elisa Giovannetti Luca Morelli |
| author_sort | Annalisa Comandatore |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In recent years, a growing number of studies have evaluated the role of exosomes in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cancer (PDAC) demonstrating their involvement in a multitude of pathways, including the induction of chemoresistance. The aim of this review is to present an overview of the current knowledge on the role of exosomes in the resistance to gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel, which are two of the most commonly used drugs for the treatment of PDAC patients. Exosomes are vesicular cargos that transport multiple miRNAs, mRNAs and proteins from one cell to another cell and some of these factors can influence specific determinants of gemcitabine activity, such as the nucleoside transporter hENT1, or multidrug resistance proteins involved in the resistance to paclitaxel. Additional mechanisms underlying exosome-mediated resistance include the modulation of apoptotic pathways, cellular metabolism, or the modulation of oncogenic miRNA, such as miR-21 and miR-155. The current status of studies on circulating exosomal miRNA and their possible role as biomarkers are also discussed. Finally, we integrated the preclinical data with emerging clinical evidence, showing how the study of exosomes could help to predict the resistance of individual tumors, and guide the clinicians in the selection of innovative therapeutic strategies to overcome drug resistance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:12:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-937526741d37426793fc657dc99d5fe5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4418 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:12:29Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diagnostics |
| spelling | doaj.art-937526741d37426793fc657dc99d5fe52023-11-23T19:29:30ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182022-01-0112228610.3390/diagnostics12020286Potential Role of Exosomes in the Chemoresistance to Gemcitabine and Nab-Paclitaxel in Pancreatic CancerAnnalisa Comandatore0Benoit Immordino1Rita Balsano2Mjriam Capula3Ingrid Garajovà4Joseph Ciccolini5Elisa Giovannetti6Luca Morelli7General Surgery Unit, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, ItalyFondazione Pisana per La Scienza, 56124 Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The NetherlandsFondazione Pisana per La Scienza, 56124 Pisa, ItalyMedical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, 43100 Parma, ItalySMARTc Unit, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Inserm U1068 Aix Marseille Université, 13385 Marseille, FranceDepartment of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The NetherlandsGeneral Surgery Unit, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, ItalyIn recent years, a growing number of studies have evaluated the role of exosomes in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cancer (PDAC) demonstrating their involvement in a multitude of pathways, including the induction of chemoresistance. The aim of this review is to present an overview of the current knowledge on the role of exosomes in the resistance to gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel, which are two of the most commonly used drugs for the treatment of PDAC patients. Exosomes are vesicular cargos that transport multiple miRNAs, mRNAs and proteins from one cell to another cell and some of these factors can influence specific determinants of gemcitabine activity, such as the nucleoside transporter hENT1, or multidrug resistance proteins involved in the resistance to paclitaxel. Additional mechanisms underlying exosome-mediated resistance include the modulation of apoptotic pathways, cellular metabolism, or the modulation of oncogenic miRNA, such as miR-21 and miR-155. The current status of studies on circulating exosomal miRNA and their possible role as biomarkers are also discussed. Finally, we integrated the preclinical data with emerging clinical evidence, showing how the study of exosomes could help to predict the resistance of individual tumors, and guide the clinicians in the selection of innovative therapeutic strategies to overcome drug resistance.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/2/286exosomespancreatic cancerchemoresistancegemcitabinenab-paclitaxel |
| spellingShingle | Annalisa Comandatore Benoit Immordino Rita Balsano Mjriam Capula Ingrid Garajovà Joseph Ciccolini Elisa Giovannetti Luca Morelli Potential Role of Exosomes in the Chemoresistance to Gemcitabine and Nab-Paclitaxel in Pancreatic Cancer Diagnostics exosomes pancreatic cancer chemoresistance gemcitabine nab-paclitaxel |
| title | Potential Role of Exosomes in the Chemoresistance to Gemcitabine and Nab-Paclitaxel in Pancreatic Cancer |
| title_full | Potential Role of Exosomes in the Chemoresistance to Gemcitabine and Nab-Paclitaxel in Pancreatic Cancer |
| title_fullStr | Potential Role of Exosomes in the Chemoresistance to Gemcitabine and Nab-Paclitaxel in Pancreatic Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Potential Role of Exosomes in the Chemoresistance to Gemcitabine and Nab-Paclitaxel in Pancreatic Cancer |
| title_short | Potential Role of Exosomes in the Chemoresistance to Gemcitabine and Nab-Paclitaxel in Pancreatic Cancer |
| title_sort | potential role of exosomes in the chemoresistance to gemcitabine and nab paclitaxel in pancreatic cancer |
| topic | exosomes pancreatic cancer chemoresistance gemcitabine nab-paclitaxel |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/12/2/286 |
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