Influence of Stochastic Modeling for Inter-Frequency Clock Biases on Multi-Frequency Precise Point Positioning
The incorporation of multi-frequency signals into global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) has presented new possibilities for precise positioning and rapid ambiguity resolution. Inter-frequency clock bias (<i>IFCB</i>) pertains to the time-varying biases among distinct frequencies wit...
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/18/4507 |
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| author | Yangyang Lu Huizhong Zhu Longjiang Tang Bo Li Jun Li Aigong Xu |
| author_facet | Yangyang Lu Huizhong Zhu Longjiang Tang Bo Li Jun Li Aigong Xu |
| author_sort | Yangyang Lu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The incorporation of multi-frequency signals into global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) has presented new possibilities for precise positioning and rapid ambiguity resolution. Inter-frequency clock bias (<i>IFCB</i>) pertains to the time-varying biases among distinct frequencies within carrier phase observations in GNSS signals. The appropriate handling of <i>IFCB</i> is critical in enhancing the accuracy and convergence time of precise point positioning (PPP) solutions. The focus of this study is on the proper modeling of phase <i>IFCB</i> in multi-GNSS multi-frequency PPP. In this paper, the optimal <i>IFCB</i> power spectral density value of 0.6 m/sqrt(s) is first determined. To obtain the optimal stochastic model for <i>IFCB</i>, a thorough comparison and analysis of the product correction and parameter estimation methods is conducted. Additionally, experiments are conducted on the effect of <i>IFCB</i> modeling on the performance of undifferenced and uncombined PPP using data from 130 multi-GNSS experiment stations across the globe over a period of one week in January 2022. The study reveals that the optimal power spectral density for <i>IFCB</i> is within [60, 0.006] m/sqrt(s), modeling <i>IFCB</i> as a random walk is feasible, and the PPP is comparable for the three <i>IFCB</i> processing schemes of product correction, random walk, and white noise. Meanwhile, it is not reasonable to treat <i>IFCB</i> as a random constant or neglect it in the multi-GNSS multi-frequency PPP. In the absence of product correction or for users who require immediate and continuous positioning solutions, modeling <i>IFCB</i>s as random walks can lead to more reliable positioning results and improved convergence performance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:05:34Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:05:34Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-939de9ed28e343268d718473341549772023-11-19T12:48:40ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922023-09-011518450710.3390/rs15184507Influence of Stochastic Modeling for Inter-Frequency Clock Biases on Multi-Frequency Precise Point PositioningYangyang Lu0Huizhong Zhu1Longjiang Tang2Bo Li3Jun Li4Aigong Xu5School of Geomatics, Liaoning Technical University (LNTU), Fuxin 123000, ChinaSchool of Geomatics, Liaoning Technical University (LNTU), Fuxin 123000, ChinaGerman Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), 14473 Potsdam, GermanySchool of Geomatics, Liaoning Technical University (LNTU), Fuxin 123000, ChinaSchool of Geomatics, Liaoning Technical University (LNTU), Fuxin 123000, ChinaSchool of Geomatics, Liaoning Technical University (LNTU), Fuxin 123000, ChinaThe incorporation of multi-frequency signals into global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) has presented new possibilities for precise positioning and rapid ambiguity resolution. Inter-frequency clock bias (<i>IFCB</i>) pertains to the time-varying biases among distinct frequencies within carrier phase observations in GNSS signals. The appropriate handling of <i>IFCB</i> is critical in enhancing the accuracy and convergence time of precise point positioning (PPP) solutions. The focus of this study is on the proper modeling of phase <i>IFCB</i> in multi-GNSS multi-frequency PPP. In this paper, the optimal <i>IFCB</i> power spectral density value of 0.6 m/sqrt(s) is first determined. To obtain the optimal stochastic model for <i>IFCB</i>, a thorough comparison and analysis of the product correction and parameter estimation methods is conducted. Additionally, experiments are conducted on the effect of <i>IFCB</i> modeling on the performance of undifferenced and uncombined PPP using data from 130 multi-GNSS experiment stations across the globe over a period of one week in January 2022. The study reveals that the optimal power spectral density for <i>IFCB</i> is within [60, 0.006] m/sqrt(s), modeling <i>IFCB</i> as a random walk is feasible, and the PPP is comparable for the three <i>IFCB</i> processing schemes of product correction, random walk, and white noise. Meanwhile, it is not reasonable to treat <i>IFCB</i> as a random constant or neglect it in the multi-GNSS multi-frequency PPP. In the absence of product correction or for users who require immediate and continuous positioning solutions, modeling <i>IFCB</i>s as random walks can lead to more reliable positioning results and improved convergence performance.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/18/4507precise point positioninginter-frequency clock biasmulti-GNSSundifferenced and uncombinedstochastic modeling |
| spellingShingle | Yangyang Lu Huizhong Zhu Longjiang Tang Bo Li Jun Li Aigong Xu Influence of Stochastic Modeling for Inter-Frequency Clock Biases on Multi-Frequency Precise Point Positioning Remote Sensing precise point positioning inter-frequency clock bias multi-GNSS undifferenced and uncombined stochastic modeling |
| title | Influence of Stochastic Modeling for Inter-Frequency Clock Biases on Multi-Frequency Precise Point Positioning |
| title_full | Influence of Stochastic Modeling for Inter-Frequency Clock Biases on Multi-Frequency Precise Point Positioning |
| title_fullStr | Influence of Stochastic Modeling for Inter-Frequency Clock Biases on Multi-Frequency Precise Point Positioning |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Stochastic Modeling for Inter-Frequency Clock Biases on Multi-Frequency Precise Point Positioning |
| title_short | Influence of Stochastic Modeling for Inter-Frequency Clock Biases on Multi-Frequency Precise Point Positioning |
| title_sort | influence of stochastic modeling for inter frequency clock biases on multi frequency precise point positioning |
| topic | precise point positioning inter-frequency clock bias multi-GNSS undifferenced and uncombined stochastic modeling |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/18/4507 |
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