Effect of Unsaturated Fatty Acid Ratio In Vitro on Rumen Fermentation, Methane Concentration, and Microbial Profile
It is well known that dairy cows are fed diets with high fat content, which can adversely affect rumen fermentation. However, whether the effects of high fat content on rumen fermentation are related to the composition of fatty acids (FA) is for further study. We explored the effects of unsaturated...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Fermentation |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/8/10/540 |
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| author | Zhantao Yang Siyuan Liu Tian Xie Qianqian Wang Zhonghan Wang Hongjian Yang Shengli Li Wei Wang |
| author_facet | Zhantao Yang Siyuan Liu Tian Xie Qianqian Wang Zhonghan Wang Hongjian Yang Shengli Li Wei Wang |
| author_sort | Zhantao Yang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | It is well known that dairy cows are fed diets with high fat content, which can adversely affect rumen fermentation. However, whether the effects of high fat content on rumen fermentation are related to the composition of fatty acids (FA) is for further study. We explored the effects of unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) ratios in vitro on rumen, methane concentration and microbial composition under the same fat levels. The experiment included a low-unsaturated group (LU, UFA proportion: 42.8%), a medium-unsaturated group (MU, UFA proportion: 56.9%), and a high-unsaturated group (HU, UFA proportion: 70.9%). The incubation fluid pH and NH<sub>3</sub>-N levels were not significantly different in the three groups. Total volatile fatty acid (TVFA), acetate, propionate, butyrate, and valerate in the MU group had a decreased trend compared to the LU group (0.05 < <i>p</i> < 0.1), and no difference was found in other volatile fatty acids (VFAs) among the three groups. Furthermore, gas production kinetic parameters among the three groups did not differ significantly. The LU group’s CH<sub>4</sub> concentration was significantly higher than the HU group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The CO<sub>2</sub> concentration in the LU group was also significantly higher than the MU and LU groups (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Additionally, 16S rRNA microbial sequencing results showed that the Shannon diversity value significantly increased in the MU group (<i>p</i> < 0.05) compared to the LU group. Other alpha diversity indices (Chao 1, observed species, and ACE) did not differ among the three groups. The increased proportion of UFA significantly decreased the relative abundance of <i>Succinivibrionaceae_UCG_001</i> and <i>Fibrobacter</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Meanwhile, the multiple <i>Lachnospiraceae</i> bacteria significantly increased in the MU group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Overall, our findings indicated that the microbial community in the incubation system could be affected by elevating proportions of UFA, affecting the yield of VFA, whereas the CH<sub>4</sub> concentration was reduced. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:47:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-93a49986e7fa4517ba950201b98fbae7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2311-5637 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:47:03Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
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| series | Fermentation |
| spelling | doaj.art-93a49986e7fa4517ba950201b98fbae72023-12-02T00:28:31ZengMDPI AGFermentation2311-56372022-10-0181054010.3390/fermentation8100540Effect of Unsaturated Fatty Acid Ratio In Vitro on Rumen Fermentation, Methane Concentration, and Microbial ProfileZhantao Yang0Siyuan Liu1Tian Xie2Qianqian Wang3Zhonghan Wang4Hongjian Yang5Shengli Li6Wei Wang7State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaIt is well known that dairy cows are fed diets with high fat content, which can adversely affect rumen fermentation. However, whether the effects of high fat content on rumen fermentation are related to the composition of fatty acids (FA) is for further study. We explored the effects of unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) ratios in vitro on rumen, methane concentration and microbial composition under the same fat levels. The experiment included a low-unsaturated group (LU, UFA proportion: 42.8%), a medium-unsaturated group (MU, UFA proportion: 56.9%), and a high-unsaturated group (HU, UFA proportion: 70.9%). The incubation fluid pH and NH<sub>3</sub>-N levels were not significantly different in the three groups. Total volatile fatty acid (TVFA), acetate, propionate, butyrate, and valerate in the MU group had a decreased trend compared to the LU group (0.05 < <i>p</i> < 0.1), and no difference was found in other volatile fatty acids (VFAs) among the three groups. Furthermore, gas production kinetic parameters among the three groups did not differ significantly. The LU group’s CH<sub>4</sub> concentration was significantly higher than the HU group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The CO<sub>2</sub> concentration in the LU group was also significantly higher than the MU and LU groups (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Additionally, 16S rRNA microbial sequencing results showed that the Shannon diversity value significantly increased in the MU group (<i>p</i> < 0.05) compared to the LU group. Other alpha diversity indices (Chao 1, observed species, and ACE) did not differ among the three groups. The increased proportion of UFA significantly decreased the relative abundance of <i>Succinivibrionaceae_UCG_001</i> and <i>Fibrobacter</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Meanwhile, the multiple <i>Lachnospiraceae</i> bacteria significantly increased in the MU group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Overall, our findings indicated that the microbial community in the incubation system could be affected by elevating proportions of UFA, affecting the yield of VFA, whereas the CH<sub>4</sub> concentration was reduced.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/8/10/540unsaturated fatty acidrumen fermentationmethanemicrobial profile |
| spellingShingle | Zhantao Yang Siyuan Liu Tian Xie Qianqian Wang Zhonghan Wang Hongjian Yang Shengli Li Wei Wang Effect of Unsaturated Fatty Acid Ratio In Vitro on Rumen Fermentation, Methane Concentration, and Microbial Profile Fermentation unsaturated fatty acid rumen fermentation methane microbial profile |
| title | Effect of Unsaturated Fatty Acid Ratio In Vitro on Rumen Fermentation, Methane Concentration, and Microbial Profile |
| title_full | Effect of Unsaturated Fatty Acid Ratio In Vitro on Rumen Fermentation, Methane Concentration, and Microbial Profile |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Unsaturated Fatty Acid Ratio In Vitro on Rumen Fermentation, Methane Concentration, and Microbial Profile |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Unsaturated Fatty Acid Ratio In Vitro on Rumen Fermentation, Methane Concentration, and Microbial Profile |
| title_short | Effect of Unsaturated Fatty Acid Ratio In Vitro on Rumen Fermentation, Methane Concentration, and Microbial Profile |
| title_sort | effect of unsaturated fatty acid ratio in vitro on rumen fermentation methane concentration and microbial profile |
| topic | unsaturated fatty acid rumen fermentation methane microbial profile |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/8/10/540 |
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