In situ, high-resolution evidence of metals at the sediment-water interface under ice cover in a seasonal freezing lake
The ice cover in winter as a physical barrier and duration would profoundly impact on changes in endogenous metal loading, migration, and transformation. Although a gradual reduction in duration and occurrence of lake ice cover in boreal lake ecosystems has been confirmed, little attention to the ic...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2022.956903/full |
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| author | Yuxiang Yuan Qichen Wang Xiangqian Dong Yinze Zhu Zhong Wu Qian Yang Yunjiang Zuo Shuang Liang Chunqing Wang Xiaoyan Zhu |
| author_facet | Yuxiang Yuan Qichen Wang Xiangqian Dong Yinze Zhu Zhong Wu Qian Yang Yunjiang Zuo Shuang Liang Chunqing Wang Xiaoyan Zhu |
| author_sort | Yuxiang Yuan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The ice cover in winter as a physical barrier and duration would profoundly impact on changes in endogenous metal loading, migration, and transformation. Although a gradual reduction in duration and occurrence of lake ice cover in boreal lake ecosystems has been confirmed, little attention to the ice-covered period is received compared to open water studies. In this study, novel-developed diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT, ZrO-Chelex) probes were deployed to obtain the in-situ and high-resolution information on metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Mn, Cd, Cr, and As) at the sediment-water interface (SWI) in a seasonal ice-covered lake, Chagan Lake. In addition, “source-sink” characteristics of each metal related to their endogenous release were determined based on Fick’s first law. Concentrations of labile metals at the SWI demonstrated significant spatial heterogeneity, peaking exactly below the SWI. Compared with other similar studies, concentrations of Pb (0.55 μg/L), Cr (0.58 μg/L), and As (2.4 μg/L) were a little higher even under-ice than that in other freshwater rivers and lakes, indicating potential pollution due to the agricultural intensification and petroleum extraction. The apparent diffusive fluxes suggested that sediments acted as a sink for Pb (−0.01 mg m–2 day–1), Cr (−2.37 mg m–2 day–1), and Cd (−0.1 mg m–2 day–1), diffusing from the overlying water into the sediment, while Cu (0.12 mg m–2 day–1), Zn (0.75 mg m–2 day–1), Mn (15.89 mg m–2 day–1), and As (2.12 mg m–2 day–1) as a source from sediments into the overlying water. Dissolved oxygen was the principal factor (79.5%, P = 0.032), determining the variation of the available metals at the SWI. As the urgent need for research focused on under-ice ecosystem dynamics, this study addressed the previously unknown behavior of the labile metals at the SWI and provided a unique perspective for the lake management during the ice-cover periods when external nutrient input was cut off. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-701X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T06:36:06Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-93b357648e0e4c9bab5ec8f2325fb2622022-12-22T03:43:52ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution2296-701X2022-08-011010.3389/fevo.2022.956903956903In situ, high-resolution evidence of metals at the sediment-water interface under ice cover in a seasonal freezing lakeYuxiang Yuan0Qichen Wang1Xiangqian Dong2Yinze Zhu3Zhong Wu4Qian Yang5Yunjiang Zuo6Shuang Liang7Chunqing Wang8Xiaoyan Zhu9Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, ChinaKey Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun, ChinaKey Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun, ChinaKey Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun, ChinaKey Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun, ChinaSchool of Geomatics and Prospecting Engineering, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun, ChinaKey Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, ChinaKey Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun, ChinaKey Laboratory for Comprehensive Energy Saving of Cold Regions Architecture of Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun, ChinaKey Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun, ChinaThe ice cover in winter as a physical barrier and duration would profoundly impact on changes in endogenous metal loading, migration, and transformation. Although a gradual reduction in duration and occurrence of lake ice cover in boreal lake ecosystems has been confirmed, little attention to the ice-covered period is received compared to open water studies. In this study, novel-developed diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT, ZrO-Chelex) probes were deployed to obtain the in-situ and high-resolution information on metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Mn, Cd, Cr, and As) at the sediment-water interface (SWI) in a seasonal ice-covered lake, Chagan Lake. In addition, “source-sink” characteristics of each metal related to their endogenous release were determined based on Fick’s first law. Concentrations of labile metals at the SWI demonstrated significant spatial heterogeneity, peaking exactly below the SWI. Compared with other similar studies, concentrations of Pb (0.55 μg/L), Cr (0.58 μg/L), and As (2.4 μg/L) were a little higher even under-ice than that in other freshwater rivers and lakes, indicating potential pollution due to the agricultural intensification and petroleum extraction. The apparent diffusive fluxes suggested that sediments acted as a sink for Pb (−0.01 mg m–2 day–1), Cr (−2.37 mg m–2 day–1), and Cd (−0.1 mg m–2 day–1), diffusing from the overlying water into the sediment, while Cu (0.12 mg m–2 day–1), Zn (0.75 mg m–2 day–1), Mn (15.89 mg m–2 day–1), and As (2.12 mg m–2 day–1) as a source from sediments into the overlying water. Dissolved oxygen was the principal factor (79.5%, P = 0.032), determining the variation of the available metals at the SWI. As the urgent need for research focused on under-ice ecosystem dynamics, this study addressed the previously unknown behavior of the labile metals at the SWI and provided a unique perspective for the lake management during the ice-cover periods when external nutrient input was cut off.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2022.956903/fullChagan Lakein-situ high resolutiondiffusive fluxeswintersediment-water interface |
| spellingShingle | Yuxiang Yuan Qichen Wang Xiangqian Dong Yinze Zhu Zhong Wu Qian Yang Yunjiang Zuo Shuang Liang Chunqing Wang Xiaoyan Zhu In situ, high-resolution evidence of metals at the sediment-water interface under ice cover in a seasonal freezing lake Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution Chagan Lake in-situ high resolution diffusive fluxes winter sediment-water interface |
| title | In situ, high-resolution evidence of metals at the sediment-water interface under ice cover in a seasonal freezing lake |
| title_full | In situ, high-resolution evidence of metals at the sediment-water interface under ice cover in a seasonal freezing lake |
| title_fullStr | In situ, high-resolution evidence of metals at the sediment-water interface under ice cover in a seasonal freezing lake |
| title_full_unstemmed | In situ, high-resolution evidence of metals at the sediment-water interface under ice cover in a seasonal freezing lake |
| title_short | In situ, high-resolution evidence of metals at the sediment-water interface under ice cover in a seasonal freezing lake |
| title_sort | in situ high resolution evidence of metals at the sediment water interface under ice cover in a seasonal freezing lake |
| topic | Chagan Lake in-situ high resolution diffusive fluxes winter sediment-water interface |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2022.956903/full |
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