The Bidirectional Spirituality Scale: Construction and Initial Evidence for Validity
This study presents the development and construction of the 16-item Bidirectional Spirituality Scale (BSS), which is based on the theory of vertical and horizontal spirituality. Vertical spirituality focuses on that involving one’s relationship with God, whereas horizontal spirituality is concerned...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Halil Ekşi
2019-02-01
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| Series: | Spiritual Psychology and Counseling |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://spiritualpc.net/article/the-bidirectional-spirituality-scale-construction-and-initial-evidence-for-validity/ |
| _version_ | 1828024682811490304 |
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| author | W. Paul Williamson Aneeq Ahmad |
| author_facet | W. Paul Williamson Aneeq Ahmad |
| author_sort | W. Paul Williamson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study presents the development and construction of the 16-item Bidirectional Spirituality Scale (BSS), which is based on the theory of vertical and horizontal spirituality. Vertical spirituality focuses on that involving one’s relationship with God, whereas horizontal spirituality is concerned with one’s relations with people and attunement to meaning and purpose. Using data from 239 USA participants, exploratory factor analysis has produced three factors: vertical spirituality (VS; 8 items); horizontal spirituality-others (HS-O; 4 items); and horizontal spirituality-existential (HS-E; 4 items). A partial confirmatory factor analysis has confirmed the three-factor model. For research purposes, HS-O and HS-E can be combined to produce an 8-item horizontal spirituality scale to complement the 8-item VS scale. Further analyses have found preliminary evidence for both convergent and discriminant validity. Because of its sound psychometric properties, the BSS appears to be a useful, brief instrument for discriminating both religious and non-religious spirituality. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T12:48:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-93bb6a2e72964e76bc0835eb8f7d4d69 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2458-9675 2458-9675 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T12:48:34Z |
| publishDate | 2019-02-01 |
| publisher | Halil Ekşi |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Spiritual Psychology and Counseling |
| spelling | doaj.art-93bb6a2e72964e76bc0835eb8f7d4d692023-02-15T16:13:56ZengHalil EkşiSpiritual Psychology and Counseling2458-96752458-96752019-02-014172310.12738/spc.2019.4.1.0057The Bidirectional Spirituality Scale: Construction and Initial Evidence for ValidityW. Paul Williamson0Aneeq Ahmad1Henderson State UniversityHenderson State UniversityThis study presents the development and construction of the 16-item Bidirectional Spirituality Scale (BSS), which is based on the theory of vertical and horizontal spirituality. Vertical spirituality focuses on that involving one’s relationship with God, whereas horizontal spirituality is concerned with one’s relations with people and attunement to meaning and purpose. Using data from 239 USA participants, exploratory factor analysis has produced three factors: vertical spirituality (VS; 8 items); horizontal spirituality-others (HS-O; 4 items); and horizontal spirituality-existential (HS-E; 4 items). A partial confirmatory factor analysis has confirmed the three-factor model. For research purposes, HS-O and HS-E can be combined to produce an 8-item horizontal spirituality scale to complement the 8-item VS scale. Further analyses have found preliminary evidence for both convergent and discriminant validity. Because of its sound psychometric properties, the BSS appears to be a useful, brief instrument for discriminating both religious and non-religious spirituality.https://spiritualpc.net/article/the-bidirectional-spirituality-scale-construction-and-initial-evidence-for-validity/Spirituality scalesSpiritualityReligious spiritualityNon-religious spiritualityPartial confirmatory factor analysis |
| spellingShingle | W. Paul Williamson Aneeq Ahmad The Bidirectional Spirituality Scale: Construction and Initial Evidence for Validity Spiritual Psychology and Counseling Spirituality scales Spirituality Religious spirituality Non-religious spirituality Partial confirmatory factor analysis |
| title | The Bidirectional Spirituality Scale: Construction and Initial Evidence for Validity |
| title_full | The Bidirectional Spirituality Scale: Construction and Initial Evidence for Validity |
| title_fullStr | The Bidirectional Spirituality Scale: Construction and Initial Evidence for Validity |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Bidirectional Spirituality Scale: Construction and Initial Evidence for Validity |
| title_short | The Bidirectional Spirituality Scale: Construction and Initial Evidence for Validity |
| title_sort | bidirectional spirituality scale construction and initial evidence for validity |
| topic | Spirituality scales Spirituality Religious spirituality Non-religious spirituality Partial confirmatory factor analysis |
| url | https://spiritualpc.net/article/the-bidirectional-spirituality-scale-construction-and-initial-evidence-for-validity/ |
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