Ensiling Characteristics, In Vitro Rumen Fermentation Patterns, Feed Degradability, and Methane and Ammonia Production of Berseem (<i>Trifolium alexandrinum</i> L.) Co-Ensiled with Artichoke Bracts (<i>Cynara cardunculus</i> L.)
This study investigated the effect of co-ensiling increasing levels of artichoke bracts (<i>Cynara cardunculus</i> L.) with berseem (<i>Trifolium alexandrinum</i> L.) (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100, respectively) on silage quality after 0, 30, 60, and 120 days. Moreov...
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/9/1543 |
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| author | Mariam G. Ahmed Adham A. Al-Sagheer Ahmed M. El-Waziry Samir Z. El-Zarkouny Eman A. Elwakeel |
| author_facet | Mariam G. Ahmed Adham A. Al-Sagheer Ahmed M. El-Waziry Samir Z. El-Zarkouny Eman A. Elwakeel |
| author_sort | Mariam G. Ahmed |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study investigated the effect of co-ensiling increasing levels of artichoke bracts (<i>Cynara cardunculus</i> L.) with berseem (<i>Trifolium alexandrinum</i> L.) (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100, respectively) on silage quality after 0, 30, 60, and 120 days. Moreover, the in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics and methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) and ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>-N) production were evaluated using a buffalo inoculum source. The results showed that pH of the silage and the concentration of acetic, propionic, butyric acid, and NH<sub>3</sub>-N significantly decreased (L; <i>p</i> < 0.01) with the increasing amounts of artichoke bracts in the mixture. At 30 and 60 days of ensiling, the highest lactic acid concentration was observed at intermediate proportions of artichoke bracts (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Cumulative gas production was higher in artichoke bracts than in the berseem silage. After 24 h of incubation, the highest value (<i>p</i> < 0.05) of truly dry matter, organic matter, natural detergent fiber degradability, and NH<sub>3</sub>-N concentration was recorded with 500 g/kg of forage mixtures. As the artichoke bract concentration increased, the partitioning factor and ruminal pH declined linearly (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05). No significant differences were observed for total volatile fatty acids and volatile fatty acids molar proportions. In summary, co-ensiling artichoke bracts with berseem at a ratio of 1:1 might be a promising and easy method for the production of high-quality silage from legume forage with positively manipulating rumen fermentation. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:25:17Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-93c8836517314271918588a2a39311682023-11-17T22:30:33ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152023-05-01139154310.3390/ani13091543Ensiling Characteristics, In Vitro Rumen Fermentation Patterns, Feed Degradability, and Methane and Ammonia Production of Berseem (<i>Trifolium alexandrinum</i> L.) Co-Ensiled with Artichoke Bracts (<i>Cynara cardunculus</i> L.)Mariam G. Ahmed0Adham A. Al-Sagheer1Ahmed M. El-Waziry2Samir Z. El-Zarkouny3Eman A. Elwakeel4Department of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21545, EgyptDepartment of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, EgyptDepartment of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21545, EgyptDepartment of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21545, EgyptDepartment of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21545, EgyptThis study investigated the effect of co-ensiling increasing levels of artichoke bracts (<i>Cynara cardunculus</i> L.) with berseem (<i>Trifolium alexandrinum</i> L.) (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100, respectively) on silage quality after 0, 30, 60, and 120 days. Moreover, the in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics and methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) and ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>-N) production were evaluated using a buffalo inoculum source. The results showed that pH of the silage and the concentration of acetic, propionic, butyric acid, and NH<sub>3</sub>-N significantly decreased (L; <i>p</i> < 0.01) with the increasing amounts of artichoke bracts in the mixture. At 30 and 60 days of ensiling, the highest lactic acid concentration was observed at intermediate proportions of artichoke bracts (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Cumulative gas production was higher in artichoke bracts than in the berseem silage. After 24 h of incubation, the highest value (<i>p</i> < 0.05) of truly dry matter, organic matter, natural detergent fiber degradability, and NH<sub>3</sub>-N concentration was recorded with 500 g/kg of forage mixtures. As the artichoke bract concentration increased, the partitioning factor and ruminal pH declined linearly (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05). No significant differences were observed for total volatile fatty acids and volatile fatty acids molar proportions. In summary, co-ensiling artichoke bracts with berseem at a ratio of 1:1 might be a promising and easy method for the production of high-quality silage from legume forage with positively manipulating rumen fermentation.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/9/1543legumes foragesartichoke bractssilage fermentation qualitymethaneammoniain vitro rumen fermentation |
| spellingShingle | Mariam G. Ahmed Adham A. Al-Sagheer Ahmed M. El-Waziry Samir Z. El-Zarkouny Eman A. Elwakeel Ensiling Characteristics, In Vitro Rumen Fermentation Patterns, Feed Degradability, and Methane and Ammonia Production of Berseem (<i>Trifolium alexandrinum</i> L.) Co-Ensiled with Artichoke Bracts (<i>Cynara cardunculus</i> L.) Animals legumes forages artichoke bracts silage fermentation quality methane ammonia in vitro rumen fermentation |
| title | Ensiling Characteristics, In Vitro Rumen Fermentation Patterns, Feed Degradability, and Methane and Ammonia Production of Berseem (<i>Trifolium alexandrinum</i> L.) Co-Ensiled with Artichoke Bracts (<i>Cynara cardunculus</i> L.) |
| title_full | Ensiling Characteristics, In Vitro Rumen Fermentation Patterns, Feed Degradability, and Methane and Ammonia Production of Berseem (<i>Trifolium alexandrinum</i> L.) Co-Ensiled with Artichoke Bracts (<i>Cynara cardunculus</i> L.) |
| title_fullStr | Ensiling Characteristics, In Vitro Rumen Fermentation Patterns, Feed Degradability, and Methane and Ammonia Production of Berseem (<i>Trifolium alexandrinum</i> L.) Co-Ensiled with Artichoke Bracts (<i>Cynara cardunculus</i> L.) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ensiling Characteristics, In Vitro Rumen Fermentation Patterns, Feed Degradability, and Methane and Ammonia Production of Berseem (<i>Trifolium alexandrinum</i> L.) Co-Ensiled with Artichoke Bracts (<i>Cynara cardunculus</i> L.) |
| title_short | Ensiling Characteristics, In Vitro Rumen Fermentation Patterns, Feed Degradability, and Methane and Ammonia Production of Berseem (<i>Trifolium alexandrinum</i> L.) Co-Ensiled with Artichoke Bracts (<i>Cynara cardunculus</i> L.) |
| title_sort | ensiling characteristics in vitro rumen fermentation patterns feed degradability and methane and ammonia production of berseem i trifolium alexandrinum i l co ensiled with artichoke bracts i cynara cardunculus i l |
| topic | legumes forages artichoke bracts silage fermentation quality methane ammonia in vitro rumen fermentation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/9/1543 |
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