Significance of C<sub>3</sub> Olefin to Paraffin Ratio in Cobalt Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis
The ratio between propene and propane (C<sub>3</sub> o/p) during Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) has been analyzed based on both literature reports and experiments for five catalysts. The latter comprise four cobalt catalysts on γ-alumina with variations in pore sizes, and one catalyst o...
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MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/10/9/967 |
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| author | Erling Rytter Jia Yang Øyvind Borg Anders Holmen |
| author_facet | Erling Rytter Jia Yang Øyvind Borg Anders Holmen |
| author_sort | Erling Rytter |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The ratio between propene and propane (C<sub>3</sub> o/p) during Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) has been analyzed based on both literature reports and experiments for five catalysts. The latter comprise four cobalt catalysts on γ-alumina with variations in pore sizes, and one catalyst on α-alumina. Overall variations include H<sub>2</sub>/CO feed ratio, residence time, water addition, transients between test conditions, CO conversion, cobalt particle size, promoter (Re), and support material. It was possible to rationalize all data based on secondary hydrogenation of olefins. In fact, it was deduced that olefins are dominating termination products in FTS, estimated to ca. 90% for C<sub>3</sub>, but that some paraffins most likely are also produced directly. Increased residence time and high H2/CO feed ratio favors olefin hydrogenation, while added water presumably displaces hydrogen on cobalt giving enhanced C<sub>3</sub> o/p. High cobalt dispersion favors hydrogenation, as also promoted by Re. Effect of intraparticle diffusion is seen in transient periods; for example, as water is added or depleted. There is frequently positive correlation between C<sub>3</sub> o/p and selectivity to longer chains; the latter expressed as C<sub>5+</sub> selectivity, as both are sensitive to hydrogen activity. Some modifications, however, are needed due to the accepted volcano plot for C<sub>5+</sub> selectivity with cobalt crystallite size. Titania as support shows unexpectedly low C<sub>3</sub> o/p; probably due to SMSI (strong-metal-support-interaction). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:56:00Z |
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| issn | 2073-4344 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:56:00Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
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| series | Catalysts |
| spelling | doaj.art-93cf7aaab46f47d28bf22901377c39342023-11-20T11:08:23ZengMDPI AGCatalysts2073-43442020-08-0110996710.3390/catal10090967Significance of C<sub>3</sub> Olefin to Paraffin Ratio in Cobalt Fischer–Tropsch SynthesisErling Rytter0Jia Yang1Øyvind Borg2Anders Holmen3Department of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), N-7491 Trondheim, NorwayDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), N-7491 Trondheim, NorwayDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), N-7491 Trondheim, NorwayDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), N-7491 Trondheim, NorwayThe ratio between propene and propane (C<sub>3</sub> o/p) during Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) has been analyzed based on both literature reports and experiments for five catalysts. The latter comprise four cobalt catalysts on γ-alumina with variations in pore sizes, and one catalyst on α-alumina. Overall variations include H<sub>2</sub>/CO feed ratio, residence time, water addition, transients between test conditions, CO conversion, cobalt particle size, promoter (Re), and support material. It was possible to rationalize all data based on secondary hydrogenation of olefins. In fact, it was deduced that olefins are dominating termination products in FTS, estimated to ca. 90% for C<sub>3</sub>, but that some paraffins most likely are also produced directly. Increased residence time and high H2/CO feed ratio favors olefin hydrogenation, while added water presumably displaces hydrogen on cobalt giving enhanced C<sub>3</sub> o/p. High cobalt dispersion favors hydrogenation, as also promoted by Re. Effect of intraparticle diffusion is seen in transient periods; for example, as water is added or depleted. There is frequently positive correlation between C<sub>3</sub> o/p and selectivity to longer chains; the latter expressed as C<sub>5+</sub> selectivity, as both are sensitive to hydrogen activity. Some modifications, however, are needed due to the accepted volcano plot for C<sub>5+</sub> selectivity with cobalt crystallite size. Titania as support shows unexpectedly low C<sub>3</sub> o/p; probably due to SMSI (strong-metal-support-interaction).https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/10/9/967Fischer–Tropschcatalysiscobaltolefinsmechanismsyngas conversion |
| spellingShingle | Erling Rytter Jia Yang Øyvind Borg Anders Holmen Significance of C<sub>3</sub> Olefin to Paraffin Ratio in Cobalt Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis Catalysts Fischer–Tropsch catalysis cobalt olefins mechanism syngas conversion |
| title | Significance of C<sub>3</sub> Olefin to Paraffin Ratio in Cobalt Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis |
| title_full | Significance of C<sub>3</sub> Olefin to Paraffin Ratio in Cobalt Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis |
| title_fullStr | Significance of C<sub>3</sub> Olefin to Paraffin Ratio in Cobalt Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Significance of C<sub>3</sub> Olefin to Paraffin Ratio in Cobalt Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis |
| title_short | Significance of C<sub>3</sub> Olefin to Paraffin Ratio in Cobalt Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis |
| title_sort | significance of c sub 3 sub olefin to paraffin ratio in cobalt fischer tropsch synthesis |
| topic | Fischer–Tropsch catalysis cobalt olefins mechanism syngas conversion |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/10/9/967 |
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