Preclinical Evaluation of an Innovative Bone Graft of Marine Origin for the Treatment of Critical-Sized Bone Defects in an Animal Model
Autogenous cancellous bone graft is the current gold standard of treatment for the management of bone defects since it possesses the properties of osteoinduction, osteoconduction, and osteogenesis. Xenografts and synthetic grafts have been widely reported as available and low-cost alternatives, whic...
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/5/2116 |
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| author | Rafael Otero-Pérez María Permuy Estefanía López-Senra Miriam López-Álvarez Mónica López-Peña Julia Serra Antonio González-Cantalapiedra Fernando M. Muñoz Pío González |
| author_facet | Rafael Otero-Pérez María Permuy Estefanía López-Senra Miriam López-Álvarez Mónica López-Peña Julia Serra Antonio González-Cantalapiedra Fernando M. Muñoz Pío González |
| author_sort | Rafael Otero-Pérez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Autogenous cancellous bone graft is the current gold standard of treatment for the management of bone defects since it possesses the properties of osteoinduction, osteoconduction, and osteogenesis. Xenografts and synthetic grafts have been widely reported as available and low-cost alternatives, which retain good osteoconductive and mechanical properties. Given the rich biodiversity of ocean organisms, marine sources are of particular interest in the search for alternative bone grafts with enhanced functionalities. The purpose of this paper is to assess the biocompatibility of a marine-derived bone graft obtained from shark tooth, which is an environmentally sustainable and abundant raw material from fishing. This research presents the findings of a preclinical trial—following UNE-EN ISO 10993—that induced a critical-sized bone defect in a rabbit model and compared the results with a commercial bovine-derived bone graft. Evaluation by micro-computed tomography and histomorphometric analysis 12 weeks after implantation revealed good osseointegration, with no signs of inflammatory foreign body reactions, fibrosis, or necrosis in any of the cases. The shark tooth-derived bone graft yielded significantly higher new bone mineral density values (54 ± 6%) than the control (27 ± 8%). Moreover, the percentage of intersection values were much higher (86 ± 8%) than the bovine-derived bone graft (30 ± 1%) used as control. The area of occupancy by bone tissue in the test material (38 ± 5%) also gave higher values than the control (30 ± 6%). The role of physicochemical properties, biphasic structure, and composition on the stimulation of bone regeneration is also discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:19:55Z |
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| id | doaj.art-93dcac662ddb48e6ae46101dde7d64e4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:19:55Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-93dcac662ddb48e6ae46101dde7d64e42023-12-03T11:49:27ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172021-02-01115211610.3390/app11052116Preclinical Evaluation of an Innovative Bone Graft of Marine Origin for the Treatment of Critical-Sized Bone Defects in an Animal ModelRafael Otero-Pérez0María Permuy1Estefanía López-Senra2Miriam López-Álvarez3Mónica López-Peña4Julia Serra5Antonio González-Cantalapiedra6Fernando M. Muñoz7Pío González8CINTECX, New Materials Group, Campus de Vigo, Universidade de Vigo, As Lagoas, Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, SpainDepartment Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, SpainCINTECX, New Materials Group, Campus de Vigo, Universidade de Vigo, As Lagoas, Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, SpainCINTECX, New Materials Group, Campus de Vigo, Universidade de Vigo, As Lagoas, Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, SpainDepartment Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, SpainCINTECX, New Materials Group, Campus de Vigo, Universidade de Vigo, As Lagoas, Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, SpainDepartment Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, SpainDepartment Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, SpainCINTECX, New Materials Group, Campus de Vigo, Universidade de Vigo, As Lagoas, Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, SpainAutogenous cancellous bone graft is the current gold standard of treatment for the management of bone defects since it possesses the properties of osteoinduction, osteoconduction, and osteogenesis. Xenografts and synthetic grafts have been widely reported as available and low-cost alternatives, which retain good osteoconductive and mechanical properties. Given the rich biodiversity of ocean organisms, marine sources are of particular interest in the search for alternative bone grafts with enhanced functionalities. The purpose of this paper is to assess the biocompatibility of a marine-derived bone graft obtained from shark tooth, which is an environmentally sustainable and abundant raw material from fishing. This research presents the findings of a preclinical trial—following UNE-EN ISO 10993—that induced a critical-sized bone defect in a rabbit model and compared the results with a commercial bovine-derived bone graft. Evaluation by micro-computed tomography and histomorphometric analysis 12 weeks after implantation revealed good osseointegration, with no signs of inflammatory foreign body reactions, fibrosis, or necrosis in any of the cases. The shark tooth-derived bone graft yielded significantly higher new bone mineral density values (54 ± 6%) than the control (27 ± 8%). Moreover, the percentage of intersection values were much higher (86 ± 8%) than the bovine-derived bone graft (30 ± 1%) used as control. The area of occupancy by bone tissue in the test material (38 ± 5%) also gave higher values than the control (30 ± 6%). The role of physicochemical properties, biphasic structure, and composition on the stimulation of bone regeneration is also discussed.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/5/2116marine bone graftpreclinical trialcalcium phosphateosseointegrationbiomaterial |
| spellingShingle | Rafael Otero-Pérez María Permuy Estefanía López-Senra Miriam López-Álvarez Mónica López-Peña Julia Serra Antonio González-Cantalapiedra Fernando M. Muñoz Pío González Preclinical Evaluation of an Innovative Bone Graft of Marine Origin for the Treatment of Critical-Sized Bone Defects in an Animal Model Applied Sciences marine bone graft preclinical trial calcium phosphate osseointegration biomaterial |
| title | Preclinical Evaluation of an Innovative Bone Graft of Marine Origin for the Treatment of Critical-Sized Bone Defects in an Animal Model |
| title_full | Preclinical Evaluation of an Innovative Bone Graft of Marine Origin for the Treatment of Critical-Sized Bone Defects in an Animal Model |
| title_fullStr | Preclinical Evaluation of an Innovative Bone Graft of Marine Origin for the Treatment of Critical-Sized Bone Defects in an Animal Model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Preclinical Evaluation of an Innovative Bone Graft of Marine Origin for the Treatment of Critical-Sized Bone Defects in an Animal Model |
| title_short | Preclinical Evaluation of an Innovative Bone Graft of Marine Origin for the Treatment of Critical-Sized Bone Defects in an Animal Model |
| title_sort | preclinical evaluation of an innovative bone graft of marine origin for the treatment of critical sized bone defects in an animal model |
| topic | marine bone graft preclinical trial calcium phosphate osseointegration biomaterial |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/5/2116 |
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