Review of Design Elements within Power Infrastructure Cyber–Physical Test Beds as Threat Analysis Environments
Cyber–physical systems (CPSs) are an integral part of modern society; thus, enhancing these systems’ reliability and resilience is paramount. Cyber–physical testbeds (CPTs) are a safe way to test and explore the interplay between the cyber and physical domains and to cost-effectively enhance the rel...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Energies |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/5/1409 |
| _version_ | 1797414734904950784 |
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| author | Bjorn Vaagensmith Vivek Kumar Singh Robert Ivans Daniel L. Marino Chathurika S. Wickramasinghe Jacob Lehmer Tyler Phillips Craig Rieger Milos Manic |
| author_facet | Bjorn Vaagensmith Vivek Kumar Singh Robert Ivans Daniel L. Marino Chathurika S. Wickramasinghe Jacob Lehmer Tyler Phillips Craig Rieger Milos Manic |
| author_sort | Bjorn Vaagensmith |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cyber–physical systems (CPSs) are an integral part of modern society; thus, enhancing these systems’ reliability and resilience is paramount. Cyber–physical testbeds (CPTs) are a safe way to test and explore the interplay between the cyber and physical domains and to cost-effectively enhance the reliability and resilience of CPSs. Here a review of CPT elements, broken down into physical components (simulators, emulators, and physical hardware), soft components (communication protocols, network timing protocols), and user interfaces (visualization-dashboard design considerations) is presented. Various methods used to validate CPS performance are reviewed and evaluated for potential applications in CPT performance validation. Last, initial simulated results for a CPT design, based on the IEEE 33 bus system, are presented, along with a brief discussion on how model-based testing and fault–injection-based testing (using scaling and ramp-type attacks) may be used to help validate CPT performance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:37:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-93e7728a335f4183ba5fbf9519c8418f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:37:52Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-93e7728a335f4183ba5fbf9519c8418f2023-12-03T12:27:16ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732021-03-01145140910.3390/en14051409Review of Design Elements within Power Infrastructure Cyber–Physical Test Beds as Threat Analysis EnvironmentsBjorn Vaagensmith0Vivek Kumar Singh1Robert Ivans2Daniel L. Marino3Chathurika S. Wickramasinghe4Jacob Lehmer5Tyler Phillips6Craig Rieger7Milos Manic8Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USAIdaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USAIdaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USACollege of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 601 West Main Street, Richmond, VA 23284, USACollege of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 601 West Main Street, Richmond, VA 23284, USAIdaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USAIdaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USAIdaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USACollege of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 601 West Main Street, Richmond, VA 23284, USACyber–physical systems (CPSs) are an integral part of modern society; thus, enhancing these systems’ reliability and resilience is paramount. Cyber–physical testbeds (CPTs) are a safe way to test and explore the interplay between the cyber and physical domains and to cost-effectively enhance the reliability and resilience of CPSs. Here a review of CPT elements, broken down into physical components (simulators, emulators, and physical hardware), soft components (communication protocols, network timing protocols), and user interfaces (visualization-dashboard design considerations) is presented. Various methods used to validate CPS performance are reviewed and evaluated for potential applications in CPT performance validation. Last, initial simulated results for a CPT design, based on the IEEE 33 bus system, are presented, along with a brief discussion on how model-based testing and fault–injection-based testing (using scaling and ramp-type attacks) may be used to help validate CPT performance.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/5/1409cyber–physical systemsmart gridcommunication protocolsnetwork timingdata visualizationramp attack |
| spellingShingle | Bjorn Vaagensmith Vivek Kumar Singh Robert Ivans Daniel L. Marino Chathurika S. Wickramasinghe Jacob Lehmer Tyler Phillips Craig Rieger Milos Manic Review of Design Elements within Power Infrastructure Cyber–Physical Test Beds as Threat Analysis Environments Energies cyber–physical system smart grid communication protocols network timing data visualization ramp attack |
| title | Review of Design Elements within Power Infrastructure Cyber–Physical Test Beds as Threat Analysis Environments |
| title_full | Review of Design Elements within Power Infrastructure Cyber–Physical Test Beds as Threat Analysis Environments |
| title_fullStr | Review of Design Elements within Power Infrastructure Cyber–Physical Test Beds as Threat Analysis Environments |
| title_full_unstemmed | Review of Design Elements within Power Infrastructure Cyber–Physical Test Beds as Threat Analysis Environments |
| title_short | Review of Design Elements within Power Infrastructure Cyber–Physical Test Beds as Threat Analysis Environments |
| title_sort | review of design elements within power infrastructure cyber physical test beds as threat analysis environments |
| topic | cyber–physical system smart grid communication protocols network timing data visualization ramp attack |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/5/1409 |
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