The Arabidopsis thalianaCONSTANS-LIKE 4 (COL4) – A Modulator of Flowering Time
Appropriate control of flowering time is crucial for crop yield and the reproductive success of plants. Flowering can be induced by a number of molecular pathways that respond to internal and external signals. In Arabidopsis, expression of the key florigenic signal FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) is positive...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2019.00651/full |
| _version_ | 1811210456684036096 |
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| author | Yvonne Steinbach |
| author_facet | Yvonne Steinbach |
| author_sort | Yvonne Steinbach |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Appropriate control of flowering time is crucial for crop yield and the reproductive success of plants. Flowering can be induced by a number of molecular pathways that respond to internal and external signals. In Arabidopsis, expression of the key florigenic signal FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) is positively regulated by CONSTANS (CO) a BBX protein sharing high sequence similarity with 16 CO-like proteins. Within this study, we investigated the role of the Arabidopsis CONSTANS-LIKE 4 (COL4), whose role in flowering control was unknown. We demonstrate that, unlike CO, COL4 is a flowering repressor in long days (LD) and short days (SD) and acts on the expression of FT and FT-like genes as well as on SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1). Reduction of COL4 expression level leads to an increase of FT and APETALA 1 (AP1) expression and to accelerated flowering, while the increase of COL4 expression causes a flowering delay. Further, the observed co-localization of COL4 protein and CO in nuclear speckles supports the idea that the two act as an antagonistic pair of transcription factors. This interaction may serve the fine-tuning of flowering time control and other light dependent plant developmental processes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T04:54:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-93f22126f95442c59bd7235207cb142a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T04:54:54Z |
| publishDate | 2019-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-93f22126f95442c59bd7235207cb142a2022-12-22T03:47:09ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2019-05-011010.3389/fpls.2019.00651429068The Arabidopsis thalianaCONSTANS-LIKE 4 (COL4) – A Modulator of Flowering TimeYvonne SteinbachAppropriate control of flowering time is crucial for crop yield and the reproductive success of plants. Flowering can be induced by a number of molecular pathways that respond to internal and external signals. In Arabidopsis, expression of the key florigenic signal FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) is positively regulated by CONSTANS (CO) a BBX protein sharing high sequence similarity with 16 CO-like proteins. Within this study, we investigated the role of the Arabidopsis CONSTANS-LIKE 4 (COL4), whose role in flowering control was unknown. We demonstrate that, unlike CO, COL4 is a flowering repressor in long days (LD) and short days (SD) and acts on the expression of FT and FT-like genes as well as on SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1). Reduction of COL4 expression level leads to an increase of FT and APETALA 1 (AP1) expression and to accelerated flowering, while the increase of COL4 expression causes a flowering delay. Further, the observed co-localization of COL4 protein and CO in nuclear speckles supports the idea that the two act as an antagonistic pair of transcription factors. This interaction may serve the fine-tuning of flowering time control and other light dependent plant developmental processes.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2019.00651/fullplantsArabidopsis thalianaflowering timeCONSTANS-LIKE 4 (COL4)repressor of floweringCONSTANS (CO) |
| spellingShingle | Yvonne Steinbach The Arabidopsis thalianaCONSTANS-LIKE 4 (COL4) – A Modulator of Flowering Time Frontiers in Plant Science plants Arabidopsis thaliana flowering time CONSTANS-LIKE 4 (COL4) repressor of flowering CONSTANS (CO) |
| title | The Arabidopsis thalianaCONSTANS-LIKE 4 (COL4) – A Modulator of Flowering Time |
| title_full | The Arabidopsis thalianaCONSTANS-LIKE 4 (COL4) – A Modulator of Flowering Time |
| title_fullStr | The Arabidopsis thalianaCONSTANS-LIKE 4 (COL4) – A Modulator of Flowering Time |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Arabidopsis thalianaCONSTANS-LIKE 4 (COL4) – A Modulator of Flowering Time |
| title_short | The Arabidopsis thalianaCONSTANS-LIKE 4 (COL4) – A Modulator of Flowering Time |
| title_sort | arabidopsis thalianaconstans like 4 col4 a modulator of flowering time |
| topic | plants Arabidopsis thaliana flowering time CONSTANS-LIKE 4 (COL4) repressor of flowering CONSTANS (CO) |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2019.00651/full |
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