Profiling development of abdominal organs in the pig
Abstract The pig is an ideal model system for studying human development and disease due to its similarities to human anatomy, physiology, size, and genome. Further, advances in CRISPR gene editing have made genetically engineered pigs viable models for the study of human pathologies and congenital...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2022-09-01
|
| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-19960-5 |
| _version_ | 1797998650555629568 |
|---|---|
| author | George C. Gabriel William A. Devine Bethany K. Redel Kristin M. Whitworth Melissa Samuel Lee D. Spate Raissa F. Cecil Randall S. Prather Yijen L. Wu Kevin D. Wells Cecilia W. Lo |
| author_facet | George C. Gabriel William A. Devine Bethany K. Redel Kristin M. Whitworth Melissa Samuel Lee D. Spate Raissa F. Cecil Randall S. Prather Yijen L. Wu Kevin D. Wells Cecilia W. Lo |
| author_sort | George C. Gabriel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The pig is an ideal model system for studying human development and disease due to its similarities to human anatomy, physiology, size, and genome. Further, advances in CRISPR gene editing have made genetically engineered pigs viable models for the study of human pathologies and congenital anomalies. However, a detailed atlas illustrating pig development is necessary for identifying and modeling developmental defects. Here we describe normal development of the pig abdominal system and show examples of congenital defects that can arise in CRISPR gene edited SAP130 mutant pigs. Normal pigs at different gestational ages from day 20 (D20) to term were examined and the configuration of the abdominal organs was studied using 3D histological reconstructions with episcopic confocal microscopy, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and necropsy. This revealed prominent mesonephros, a transient embryonic organ present only during embryogenesis, at D20, while the developing metanephros that will form the permanent kidney are noted at D26. By D64 the mesonephroi are absent and only the metanephroi remain. The formation of the liver and pancreas was observed by D20 and complete by D30 and D35 respectively. The spleen and adrenal glands are first identified at D26 and completed by D42. The developing bowel and the gonads are identified at D20. The bowel appears completely rotated by D42, and testes in the male were descended at D64. This atlas and the methods used are excellent tools for identifying developmental pathologies of the abdominal organs in the pig at different stages of development. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T10:52:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-93f422a95d7043129581d1f40224dc7b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T10:52:08Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-93f422a95d7043129581d1f40224dc7b2022-12-22T04:28:52ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222022-09-0112111310.1038/s41598-022-19960-5Profiling development of abdominal organs in the pigGeorge C. Gabriel0William A. Devine1Bethany K. Redel2Kristin M. Whitworth3Melissa Samuel4Lee D. Spate5Raissa F. Cecil6Randall S. Prather7Yijen L. Wu8Kevin D. Wells9Cecilia W. Lo10Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of MedicineDepartment of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of MedicineDivision of Animal Sciences, Animal Science Research Center, National Swine Resource and Research Center, University of MissouriDivision of Animal Sciences, Animal Science Research Center, National Swine Resource and Research Center, University of MissouriDivision of Animal Sciences, Animal Science Research Center, National Swine Resource and Research Center, University of MissouriDivision of Animal Sciences, Animal Science Research Center, National Swine Resource and Research Center, University of MissouriDivision of Animal Sciences, Animal Science Research Center, National Swine Resource and Research Center, University of MissouriDivision of Animal Sciences, Animal Science Research Center, National Swine Resource and Research Center, University of MissouriDepartment of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of MedicineDivision of Animal Sciences, Animal Science Research Center, National Swine Resource and Research Center, University of MissouriDepartment of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of MedicineAbstract The pig is an ideal model system for studying human development and disease due to its similarities to human anatomy, physiology, size, and genome. Further, advances in CRISPR gene editing have made genetically engineered pigs viable models for the study of human pathologies and congenital anomalies. However, a detailed atlas illustrating pig development is necessary for identifying and modeling developmental defects. Here we describe normal development of the pig abdominal system and show examples of congenital defects that can arise in CRISPR gene edited SAP130 mutant pigs. Normal pigs at different gestational ages from day 20 (D20) to term were examined and the configuration of the abdominal organs was studied using 3D histological reconstructions with episcopic confocal microscopy, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and necropsy. This revealed prominent mesonephros, a transient embryonic organ present only during embryogenesis, at D20, while the developing metanephros that will form the permanent kidney are noted at D26. By D64 the mesonephroi are absent and only the metanephroi remain. The formation of the liver and pancreas was observed by D20 and complete by D30 and D35 respectively. The spleen and adrenal glands are first identified at D26 and completed by D42. The developing bowel and the gonads are identified at D20. The bowel appears completely rotated by D42, and testes in the male were descended at D64. This atlas and the methods used are excellent tools for identifying developmental pathologies of the abdominal organs in the pig at different stages of development.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-19960-5 |
| spellingShingle | George C. Gabriel William A. Devine Bethany K. Redel Kristin M. Whitworth Melissa Samuel Lee D. Spate Raissa F. Cecil Randall S. Prather Yijen L. Wu Kevin D. Wells Cecilia W. Lo Profiling development of abdominal organs in the pig Scientific Reports |
| title | Profiling development of abdominal organs in the pig |
| title_full | Profiling development of abdominal organs in the pig |
| title_fullStr | Profiling development of abdominal organs in the pig |
| title_full_unstemmed | Profiling development of abdominal organs in the pig |
| title_short | Profiling development of abdominal organs in the pig |
| title_sort | profiling development of abdominal organs in the pig |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-19960-5 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT georgecgabriel profilingdevelopmentofabdominalorgansinthepig AT williamadevine profilingdevelopmentofabdominalorgansinthepig AT bethanykredel profilingdevelopmentofabdominalorgansinthepig AT kristinmwhitworth profilingdevelopmentofabdominalorgansinthepig AT melissasamuel profilingdevelopmentofabdominalorgansinthepig AT leedspate profilingdevelopmentofabdominalorgansinthepig AT raissafcecil profilingdevelopmentofabdominalorgansinthepig AT randallsprather profilingdevelopmentofabdominalorgansinthepig AT yijenlwu profilingdevelopmentofabdominalorgansinthepig AT kevindwells profilingdevelopmentofabdominalorgansinthepig AT ceciliawlo profilingdevelopmentofabdominalorgansinthepig |