Recognizing topological attributes and spatiotemporal patterns in spotted seals (Phoca largha) trophic networks based on eDNA metabarcoding
Spotted seals, a protected species, face multifaceted threats to their habitat, which in turn impact the closely associated trophic networks. These threats will lead to irreversible structural variations within the ecosystem. Therefore, investigating the topological variability of trophic networks i...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2023.1305763/full |
| _version_ | 1797384894696914944 |
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| author | Yan Xu Fei Huang Mingliang Zhou Rui Gu Jie Zhu Qiangqiang Rong Yanpeng Cai |
| author_facet | Yan Xu Fei Huang Mingliang Zhou Rui Gu Jie Zhu Qiangqiang Rong Yanpeng Cai |
| author_sort | Yan Xu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Spotted seals, a protected species, face multifaceted threats to their habitat, which in turn impact the closely associated trophic networks. These threats will lead to irreversible structural variations within the ecosystem. Therefore, investigating the topological variability of trophic networks in spotted seals is important. Applying environmental DNA methods, field sample collection was conducted in 2021 during both the sea fishing moratorium period and the fishing period to decode fish diversity. Assessing the current status of fish resources by using the multivariate statistics approach. Applying dietary information establishes the spotted seals’ trophic network. Selecting 12 network indexes to analyze the spatiotemporal patterns of network topological attributes. As a result, about 51 families, and 76 genera species were identified. During the sea fishing moratorium and the fishing period, there are 12 and 18 different food resources available for spotted seals, respectively. The diversity index revealed that the FP had greater species richness and diversity than the SP. Comparatively, the Fishing period exhibited higher species richness and biodiversity, likely influenced by habitat heterogeneity and anthropogenic activities. Additionally, the topological features of networks reflected the high clustering coefficients (CC=0.35) and the proportion of omnivorous species (O≈60%), indicating that the network structure in this region tends to form higher trophic-level clustering patterns, which facilitate the formation of weaker interactions between clusters, enhancing the robustness of the network. The higher connectivity complexity index during the fishing period (SC=12.3) supported that the spotted seal’s trophic network was relatively more stable in this period. Thus, during the fishing period, it is crucial to pay more attention to the intensity of human fishing on mid-to-high trophic-level omnivorous fish resources to ensure the sustainability of these potential food resources for spotted seals. This comprehensive study achieved three key objectives: (a) utilizing eDNA to characterize fish diversity during distinct periods, (b) establishing trophic networks of spotted seals, and (c) discerning topological attributes and spatiotemporal patterns within the ecological network. Overall, this study can provide technical and data support for integrated ecological network management and propose suggestions for protecting and recovering spotted seals. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T21:46:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-93f63a06a12a4f0b990d9c108815673f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-7745 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T21:46:11Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Marine Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-93f63a06a12a4f0b990d9c108815673f2023-12-20T08:56:16ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Marine Science2296-77452023-12-011010.3389/fmars.2023.13057631305763Recognizing topological attributes and spatiotemporal patterns in spotted seals (Phoca largha) trophic networks based on eDNA metabarcodingYan Xu0Fei Huang1Mingliang Zhou2Rui Gu3Jie Zhu4Qiangqiang Rong5Yanpeng Cai6College of Marine Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, ChinaCollege of Marine Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, ChinaCollege of Marine Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, ChinaCollege of Marine Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, ChinaInstitute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, ChinaResearch Center for Eco-environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, ChinaSpotted seals, a protected species, face multifaceted threats to their habitat, which in turn impact the closely associated trophic networks. These threats will lead to irreversible structural variations within the ecosystem. Therefore, investigating the topological variability of trophic networks in spotted seals is important. Applying environmental DNA methods, field sample collection was conducted in 2021 during both the sea fishing moratorium period and the fishing period to decode fish diversity. Assessing the current status of fish resources by using the multivariate statistics approach. Applying dietary information establishes the spotted seals’ trophic network. Selecting 12 network indexes to analyze the spatiotemporal patterns of network topological attributes. As a result, about 51 families, and 76 genera species were identified. During the sea fishing moratorium and the fishing period, there are 12 and 18 different food resources available for spotted seals, respectively. The diversity index revealed that the FP had greater species richness and diversity than the SP. Comparatively, the Fishing period exhibited higher species richness and biodiversity, likely influenced by habitat heterogeneity and anthropogenic activities. Additionally, the topological features of networks reflected the high clustering coefficients (CC=0.35) and the proportion of omnivorous species (O≈60%), indicating that the network structure in this region tends to form higher trophic-level clustering patterns, which facilitate the formation of weaker interactions between clusters, enhancing the robustness of the network. The higher connectivity complexity index during the fishing period (SC=12.3) supported that the spotted seal’s trophic network was relatively more stable in this period. Thus, during the fishing period, it is crucial to pay more attention to the intensity of human fishing on mid-to-high trophic-level omnivorous fish resources to ensure the sustainability of these potential food resources for spotted seals. This comprehensive study achieved three key objectives: (a) utilizing eDNA to characterize fish diversity during distinct periods, (b) establishing trophic networks of spotted seals, and (c) discerning topological attributes and spatiotemporal patterns within the ecological network. Overall, this study can provide technical and data support for integrated ecological network management and propose suggestions for protecting and recovering spotted seals.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2023.1305763/fulleDNA metabarcodingspotted sealstrophic networkbiodiversityecological network analysisLiaodong bay |
| spellingShingle | Yan Xu Fei Huang Mingliang Zhou Rui Gu Jie Zhu Qiangqiang Rong Yanpeng Cai Recognizing topological attributes and spatiotemporal patterns in spotted seals (Phoca largha) trophic networks based on eDNA metabarcoding Frontiers in Marine Science eDNA metabarcoding spotted seals trophic network biodiversity ecological network analysis Liaodong bay |
| title | Recognizing topological attributes and spatiotemporal patterns in spotted seals (Phoca largha) trophic networks based on eDNA metabarcoding |
| title_full | Recognizing topological attributes and spatiotemporal patterns in spotted seals (Phoca largha) trophic networks based on eDNA metabarcoding |
| title_fullStr | Recognizing topological attributes and spatiotemporal patterns in spotted seals (Phoca largha) trophic networks based on eDNA metabarcoding |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recognizing topological attributes and spatiotemporal patterns in spotted seals (Phoca largha) trophic networks based on eDNA metabarcoding |
| title_short | Recognizing topological attributes and spatiotemporal patterns in spotted seals (Phoca largha) trophic networks based on eDNA metabarcoding |
| title_sort | recognizing topological attributes and spatiotemporal patterns in spotted seals phoca largha trophic networks based on edna metabarcoding |
| topic | eDNA metabarcoding spotted seals trophic network biodiversity ecological network analysis Liaodong bay |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2023.1305763/full |
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