Recognition of Heavy Metals by Using Resorcin[4]arenes Soluble in Water
The complexing properties of two water-soluble resorcin[4]arenes (tetrasodium 5,11,17,23-tetrakissulfonatemethylen 2,8,14,20-tetra(butyl)resorcin[4]arene, Na<sub>4</sub>BRA, and tetrasodium 5,11,17,23-tetrakissulfonatemethylen-2,8,14,20-tetra(2-(methylthio)ethyl)resorcin[4]arene, Na<s...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Toxics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/10/8/461 |
| _version_ | 1797431632928440320 |
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| author | Edilma Sanabria Miguel A. Esteso Edgar F. Vargas |
| author_facet | Edilma Sanabria Miguel A. Esteso Edgar F. Vargas |
| author_sort | Edilma Sanabria |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The complexing properties of two water-soluble resorcin[4]arenes (tetrasodium 5,11,17,23-tetrakissulfonatemethylen 2,8,14,20-tetra(butyl)resorcin[4]arene, Na<sub>4</sub>BRA, and tetrasodium 5,11,17,23-tetrakissulfonatemethylen-2,8,14,20-tetra(2-(methylthio)ethyl)resorcin[4]arene, Na<sub>4</sub>SRA) with polluting heavy metals such as Cu<sup>2+</sup>, Pb<sup>2+</sup>, Cd<sup>2+</sup> and Hg<sup>2+</sup> were studied by conductivity, and the findings were confirmed by using other techniques to try to apply this knowledge to removing them. The results indicate that Na<sub>4</sub>BRA is able to complex Cu<sup>2+</sup> in a 1:1 ratio and Pb<sup>2+</sup> in a 1:2 ratio, while Na<sub>4</sub>SRA complexes Hg<sup>2+</sup> in a 1:1 ratio. On the contrary, no indications have been observed that either of the resorcin[4]arenes studied complexes the Cd<sup>2+</sup> ions. The results suggest that the bonds established between the sulfur atoms located at the lower edge of the SRA<sup>4−</sup> and the solvent hydrogens could prevent the entry of the guest into the host cavity. However, in the case of Hg<sup>2+</sup> ions, the entry is favoured by the interactions between the sulfur donor atoms present on the lower edge of Na<sub>4</sub>SRA and the Hg<sup>2+</sup> ions. Therefore, it can be said that Na<sub>4</sub>BRA is selective for Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Pb<sup>2+</sup> ions and Na<sub>4</sub>SRA is selective for Hg<sup>2+</sup> ions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:47:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-93fb080e404b4242b49e282a1784e972 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2305-6304 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:47:59Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxics |
| spelling | doaj.art-93fb080e404b4242b49e282a1784e9722023-12-02T00:23:05ZengMDPI AGToxics2305-63042022-08-0110846110.3390/toxics10080461Recognition of Heavy Metals by Using Resorcin[4]arenes Soluble in WaterEdilma Sanabria0Miguel A. Esteso1Edgar F. Vargas2Grupo GICRIM, Programa de Investigación Criminal, Universidad Manuela Beltrán, Avenida Circunvalar No. 60-00, Bogota 111321, ColombiaUniversidad Católica de Ávila, Calle los Canteros s/n, 05005 Ávila, SpainDepartamento de Química, Universidad de los Andes, Cr. 1 No. 18A 10, Bogota 111711, ColombiaThe complexing properties of two water-soluble resorcin[4]arenes (tetrasodium 5,11,17,23-tetrakissulfonatemethylen 2,8,14,20-tetra(butyl)resorcin[4]arene, Na<sub>4</sub>BRA, and tetrasodium 5,11,17,23-tetrakissulfonatemethylen-2,8,14,20-tetra(2-(methylthio)ethyl)resorcin[4]arene, Na<sub>4</sub>SRA) with polluting heavy metals such as Cu<sup>2+</sup>, Pb<sup>2+</sup>, Cd<sup>2+</sup> and Hg<sup>2+</sup> were studied by conductivity, and the findings were confirmed by using other techniques to try to apply this knowledge to removing them. The results indicate that Na<sub>4</sub>BRA is able to complex Cu<sup>2+</sup> in a 1:1 ratio and Pb<sup>2+</sup> in a 1:2 ratio, while Na<sub>4</sub>SRA complexes Hg<sup>2+</sup> in a 1:1 ratio. On the contrary, no indications have been observed that either of the resorcin[4]arenes studied complexes the Cd<sup>2+</sup> ions. The results suggest that the bonds established between the sulfur atoms located at the lower edge of the SRA<sup>4−</sup> and the solvent hydrogens could prevent the entry of the guest into the host cavity. However, in the case of Hg<sup>2+</sup> ions, the entry is favoured by the interactions between the sulfur donor atoms present on the lower edge of Na<sub>4</sub>SRA and the Hg<sup>2+</sup> ions. Therefore, it can be said that Na<sub>4</sub>BRA is selective for Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Pb<sup>2+</sup> ions and Na<sub>4</sub>SRA is selective for Hg<sup>2+</sup> ions.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/10/8/461heavy metalsinorganic pollutantsresorcin[4]arenesrecognition |
| spellingShingle | Edilma Sanabria Miguel A. Esteso Edgar F. Vargas Recognition of Heavy Metals by Using Resorcin[4]arenes Soluble in Water Toxics heavy metals inorganic pollutants resorcin[4]arenes recognition |
| title | Recognition of Heavy Metals by Using Resorcin[4]arenes Soluble in Water |
| title_full | Recognition of Heavy Metals by Using Resorcin[4]arenes Soluble in Water |
| title_fullStr | Recognition of Heavy Metals by Using Resorcin[4]arenes Soluble in Water |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recognition of Heavy Metals by Using Resorcin[4]arenes Soluble in Water |
| title_short | Recognition of Heavy Metals by Using Resorcin[4]arenes Soluble in Water |
| title_sort | recognition of heavy metals by using resorcin 4 arenes soluble in water |
| topic | heavy metals inorganic pollutants resorcin[4]arenes recognition |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/10/8/461 |
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