The Biotoxic Effects of Ag Nanoparticles (AgNPs) on <i>Skeletonema costatum</i>, a Typical Bloom Alga Species in Coastal Areas

With the rapid development of nanotechnology, nanomaterials have been widely utilized in many industries and daily life applications due to their unique properties. However, their potential release and the human health/environmental consequences have raised public concern greatly. In this study, we...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ke Shi, Yuehong Yao, Jianliang Xue, Dongle Cheng, Bo Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2023-10-01
Series:Journal of Marine Science and Engineering
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/11/10/1941
_version_ 1827720762379730944
author Ke Shi
Yuehong Yao
Jianliang Xue
Dongle Cheng
Bo Wang
author_facet Ke Shi
Yuehong Yao
Jianliang Xue
Dongle Cheng
Bo Wang
author_sort Ke Shi
collection DOAJ
description With the rapid development of nanotechnology, nanomaterials have been widely utilized in many industries and daily life applications due to their unique properties. However, their potential release and the human health/environmental consequences have raised public concern greatly. In this study, we compared the toxic effects of AgNPs and AgNO<sub>3</sub> on <i>Skeletonema costatum</i> in 10, 100, and 500 μg·L<sup>−1</sup> Ag treatments. In all the AgNP exposure experiments, cell membrane damage and growth inhibition occurred. However, the cellular damage only obviously appears on exposure to a high concentration of AgNO<sub>3</sub>. The antioxidant enzyme (SOD and CAT) activities and lipid peroxidation in <i>Skeletonema costatum</i> were also induced significantly in the AgNP treatments. In addition, the percentage of Ag release in seawater increased with the increase in AgNP concentrations (13%, 32% for 100 and 500 μg·L<sup>−1</sup> AgNPs). Thus, the biotoxic effects of AgNPs were found to be due to a combination of the solubilization of particles into toxic metal ions and the nature of the nanoparticles. It was worth noting that the induction of oxidative stress and damage to the cell membrane comprised the dominant mechanism of toxicity for AgNPs. Therefore, the behavior of nanometals in seawater affects the biotoxic effect on the phytoplankton. These results shed light on the biological toxicity of nanometals and their possible toxicity mechanism.
first_indexed 2024-03-10T21:09:01Z
format Article
id doaj.art-94014555467d48a78f4fddd2bfe10630
institution Directory Open Access Journal
issn 2077-1312
language English
last_indexed 2024-03-10T21:09:01Z
publishDate 2023-10-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Journal of Marine Science and Engineering
spelling doaj.art-94014555467d48a78f4fddd2bfe106302023-11-19T16:58:52ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122023-10-011110194110.3390/jmse11101941The Biotoxic Effects of Ag Nanoparticles (AgNPs) on <i>Skeletonema costatum</i>, a Typical Bloom Alga Species in Coastal AreasKe Shi0Yuehong Yao1Jianliang Xue2Dongle Cheng3Bo Wang4College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, ChinaCollege of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, ChinaCollege of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, ChinaCollege of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, ChinaCollege of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, ChinaWith the rapid development of nanotechnology, nanomaterials have been widely utilized in many industries and daily life applications due to their unique properties. However, their potential release and the human health/environmental consequences have raised public concern greatly. In this study, we compared the toxic effects of AgNPs and AgNO<sub>3</sub> on <i>Skeletonema costatum</i> in 10, 100, and 500 μg·L<sup>−1</sup> Ag treatments. In all the AgNP exposure experiments, cell membrane damage and growth inhibition occurred. However, the cellular damage only obviously appears on exposure to a high concentration of AgNO<sub>3</sub>. The antioxidant enzyme (SOD and CAT) activities and lipid peroxidation in <i>Skeletonema costatum</i> were also induced significantly in the AgNP treatments. In addition, the percentage of Ag release in seawater increased with the increase in AgNP concentrations (13%, 32% for 100 and 500 μg·L<sup>−1</sup> AgNPs). Thus, the biotoxic effects of AgNPs were found to be due to a combination of the solubilization of particles into toxic metal ions and the nature of the nanoparticles. It was worth noting that the induction of oxidative stress and damage to the cell membrane comprised the dominant mechanism of toxicity for AgNPs. Therefore, the behavior of nanometals in seawater affects the biotoxic effect on the phytoplankton. These results shed light on the biological toxicity of nanometals and their possible toxicity mechanism.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/11/10/1941biotoxicAgNPssoluble Ag releaseoxidative stress<i>Skeletonema costatum</i>
spellingShingle Ke Shi
Yuehong Yao
Jianliang Xue
Dongle Cheng
Bo Wang
The Biotoxic Effects of Ag Nanoparticles (AgNPs) on <i>Skeletonema costatum</i>, a Typical Bloom Alga Species in Coastal Areas
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering
biotoxic
AgNPs
soluble Ag release
oxidative stress
<i>Skeletonema costatum</i>
title The Biotoxic Effects of Ag Nanoparticles (AgNPs) on <i>Skeletonema costatum</i>, a Typical Bloom Alga Species in Coastal Areas
title_full The Biotoxic Effects of Ag Nanoparticles (AgNPs) on <i>Skeletonema costatum</i>, a Typical Bloom Alga Species in Coastal Areas
title_fullStr The Biotoxic Effects of Ag Nanoparticles (AgNPs) on <i>Skeletonema costatum</i>, a Typical Bloom Alga Species in Coastal Areas
title_full_unstemmed The Biotoxic Effects of Ag Nanoparticles (AgNPs) on <i>Skeletonema costatum</i>, a Typical Bloom Alga Species in Coastal Areas
title_short The Biotoxic Effects of Ag Nanoparticles (AgNPs) on <i>Skeletonema costatum</i>, a Typical Bloom Alga Species in Coastal Areas
title_sort biotoxic effects of ag nanoparticles agnps on i skeletonema costatum i a typical bloom alga species in coastal areas
topic biotoxic
AgNPs
soluble Ag release
oxidative stress
<i>Skeletonema costatum</i>
url https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/11/10/1941
work_keys_str_mv AT keshi thebiotoxiceffectsofagnanoparticlesagnpsoniskeletonemacostatumiatypicalbloomalgaspeciesincoastalareas
AT yuehongyao thebiotoxiceffectsofagnanoparticlesagnpsoniskeletonemacostatumiatypicalbloomalgaspeciesincoastalareas
AT jianliangxue thebiotoxiceffectsofagnanoparticlesagnpsoniskeletonemacostatumiatypicalbloomalgaspeciesincoastalareas
AT donglecheng thebiotoxiceffectsofagnanoparticlesagnpsoniskeletonemacostatumiatypicalbloomalgaspeciesincoastalareas
AT bowang thebiotoxiceffectsofagnanoparticlesagnpsoniskeletonemacostatumiatypicalbloomalgaspeciesincoastalareas
AT keshi biotoxiceffectsofagnanoparticlesagnpsoniskeletonemacostatumiatypicalbloomalgaspeciesincoastalareas
AT yuehongyao biotoxiceffectsofagnanoparticlesagnpsoniskeletonemacostatumiatypicalbloomalgaspeciesincoastalareas
AT jianliangxue biotoxiceffectsofagnanoparticlesagnpsoniskeletonemacostatumiatypicalbloomalgaspeciesincoastalareas
AT donglecheng biotoxiceffectsofagnanoparticlesagnpsoniskeletonemacostatumiatypicalbloomalgaspeciesincoastalareas
AT bowang biotoxiceffectsofagnanoparticlesagnpsoniskeletonemacostatumiatypicalbloomalgaspeciesincoastalareas