Growth and Extracellular Carbonic Anhydrase Activity of Zooxanthellae Symbiodinium sp. in Response of Zinc Enrichment
Coral reef communities contain a wide variety of mutualistic associations none more important than the relationship between corals and their symbiotic dinoflagellates of the genus Symbiodinium sp., commonly referred to as zooxanthellae. The function of Zinc (Zn) as cofactor of several enzyme systems...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Bogor Agricultural University
2011-12-01
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| Series: | Hayati Journal of Biosciences |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1978301916302042 |
| _version_ | 1811233015109517312 |
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| author | WIDIASTUTI KARIM RICHARDUS KASWADJI TRI PRARTONO LILY MARIA GORETTIPANGGABEAN |
| author_facet | WIDIASTUTI KARIM RICHARDUS KASWADJI TRI PRARTONO LILY MARIA GORETTIPANGGABEAN |
| author_sort | WIDIASTUTI KARIM |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Coral reef communities contain a wide variety of mutualistic associations none more important than the relationship between corals and their symbiotic dinoflagellates of the genus Symbiodinium sp., commonly referred to as zooxanthellae. The function of Zinc (Zn) as cofactor of several enzyme systems such as extracellular carbonic anhydrase (extracellular CA) which catalyzes the interconversion of HCO3− and CO2. Concentrations of dissolved Zn in oligothropic waters are often very low therefore may limit the growth of zooxanthellae and their ability to fix CO2 from seawater via the carbonic anhydrase. The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of various concentrations of Zn on the growth and extracellular CA activity in zooxanthellae. Cell density was monitored daily by enumeration with hemocytometer-type chamber (0.1 mm). Extracellular CA was measured in homogenized intact whole cell by a pH drift assay. Results revealed that Zn status strongly influences the growth rate and extracelullar CA activity in zooxanthellae. The specific growth rate and cell density increased two-fold whilst extracelullar CA activity increased 10.5 times higher than that in control with increasing concentrations of Zn from 0 to 80 nM, but decreased when Zn was over 80 nM. Under a concentration of 80 nM was not Zn limited culture, consequently the growth rate of zooxanthellae not dependent on CO2 concentration yet offset by extracelullar CA activity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T11:13:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-940afbae6e524beaa7fd368232f80b50 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1978-3019 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T11:13:41Z |
| publishDate | 2011-12-01 |
| publisher | Bogor Agricultural University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Hayati Journal of Biosciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-940afbae6e524beaa7fd368232f80b502022-12-22T03:35:33ZengBogor Agricultural UniversityHayati Journal of Biosciences1978-30192011-12-0118415716310.4308/hjb.18.4.157Growth and Extracellular Carbonic Anhydrase Activity of Zooxanthellae Symbiodinium sp. in Response of Zinc EnrichmentWIDIASTUTI KARIM0RICHARDUS KASWADJI1TRI PRARTONO2LILY MARIA GORETTIPANGGABEAN3Aquaculture Study Programme, Faculty of Agriculture, Tadulako University, Bumi Tadulako-Tondo Campus, Palu 94118, IndonesiaDepartment of Marine Science and Technology, Bogor Agricultural University, Darmaga Campus, Bogor 16680, IndonesiaDepartment of Marine Science and Technology, Bogor Agricultural University, Darmaga Campus, Bogor 16680, IndonesiaLIPI Research Centre for Oceanography, Jakarta 14430, IndonesiaCoral reef communities contain a wide variety of mutualistic associations none more important than the relationship between corals and their symbiotic dinoflagellates of the genus Symbiodinium sp., commonly referred to as zooxanthellae. The function of Zinc (Zn) as cofactor of several enzyme systems such as extracellular carbonic anhydrase (extracellular CA) which catalyzes the interconversion of HCO3− and CO2. Concentrations of dissolved Zn in oligothropic waters are often very low therefore may limit the growth of zooxanthellae and their ability to fix CO2 from seawater via the carbonic anhydrase. The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of various concentrations of Zn on the growth and extracellular CA activity in zooxanthellae. Cell density was monitored daily by enumeration with hemocytometer-type chamber (0.1 mm). Extracellular CA was measured in homogenized intact whole cell by a pH drift assay. Results revealed that Zn status strongly influences the growth rate and extracelullar CA activity in zooxanthellae. The specific growth rate and cell density increased two-fold whilst extracelullar CA activity increased 10.5 times higher than that in control with increasing concentrations of Zn from 0 to 80 nM, but decreased when Zn was over 80 nM. Under a concentration of 80 nM was not Zn limited culture, consequently the growth rate of zooxanthellae not dependent on CO2 concentration yet offset by extracelullar CA activity.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1978301916302042zooxanthellaecoralZngrowthextracelullar carbonic anhydrase activity |
| spellingShingle | WIDIASTUTI KARIM RICHARDUS KASWADJI TRI PRARTONO LILY MARIA GORETTIPANGGABEAN Growth and Extracellular Carbonic Anhydrase Activity of Zooxanthellae Symbiodinium sp. in Response of Zinc Enrichment Hayati Journal of Biosciences zooxanthellae coral Zn growth extracelullar carbonic anhydrase activity |
| title | Growth and Extracellular Carbonic Anhydrase Activity of Zooxanthellae Symbiodinium sp. in Response of Zinc Enrichment |
| title_full | Growth and Extracellular Carbonic Anhydrase Activity of Zooxanthellae Symbiodinium sp. in Response of Zinc Enrichment |
| title_fullStr | Growth and Extracellular Carbonic Anhydrase Activity of Zooxanthellae Symbiodinium sp. in Response of Zinc Enrichment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Growth and Extracellular Carbonic Anhydrase Activity of Zooxanthellae Symbiodinium sp. in Response of Zinc Enrichment |
| title_short | Growth and Extracellular Carbonic Anhydrase Activity of Zooxanthellae Symbiodinium sp. in Response of Zinc Enrichment |
| title_sort | growth and extracellular carbonic anhydrase activity of zooxanthellae symbiodinium sp in response of zinc enrichment |
| topic | zooxanthellae coral Zn growth extracelullar carbonic anhydrase activity |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1978301916302042 |
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