Molecular Basis of Irisin Regulating the Effects of Exercise on Insulin Resistance
Insulin resistance is recognized as one major feature of metabolic syndrome, and frequently emerges as a difficult problem encountered during long-term pharmacological treatment of diabetes. Insulin resistance often causes organs or tissues, such as skeletal muscle, adipose, and liver, to become les...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/12/5837 |
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| author | Junjie Lin Xu Liu Yalan Zhou Baishu Zhu Yuanxin Wang Wei Cui Yan Peng Bin Wang Chen Zhao Renqing Zhao |
| author_facet | Junjie Lin Xu Liu Yalan Zhou Baishu Zhu Yuanxin Wang Wei Cui Yan Peng Bin Wang Chen Zhao Renqing Zhao |
| author_sort | Junjie Lin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Insulin resistance is recognized as one major feature of metabolic syndrome, and frequently emerges as a difficult problem encountered during long-term pharmacological treatment of diabetes. Insulin resistance often causes organs or tissues, such as skeletal muscle, adipose, and liver, to become less responsive or resistant to insulin. Exercise can promote the physiological function of those organs and tissues and benefits insulin action via increasing insulin receptor sensitivity, glucose uptake, and mitochondrial function. This is done by decreasing adipose tissue deposition, inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress. However, understanding the mechanism that regulates the interaction between exercise and insulin function becomes a challenging task. As a novel myokine, irisin is activated by exercise, released from the muscle, and affects multi-organ functions. Recent evidence indicates that it can promote glucose uptake, improve mitochondrial function, alleviate obesity, and decrease inflammation, as a result leading to the improvement of insulin action. We here will review the current evidence concerning the signaling pathways by which irisin regulates the effect of exercise on the up-regulation of insulin action in humans and animals. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:32:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9449cc25012348acb64f4ade2c13d0e7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:32:40Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-9449cc25012348acb64f4ade2c13d0e72023-11-23T15:23:11ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172022-06-011212583710.3390/app12125837Molecular Basis of Irisin Regulating the Effects of Exercise on Insulin ResistanceJunjie Lin0Xu Liu1Yalan Zhou2Baishu Zhu3Yuanxin Wang4Wei Cui5Yan Peng6Bin Wang7Chen Zhao8Renqing Zhao9College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaResearch Institute of Education Science, Hunan University, Changsha 410006, ChinaCollege of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaCollege of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaCollege of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaCollege of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaCollege of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaCollege of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaCollege of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaCollege of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaInsulin resistance is recognized as one major feature of metabolic syndrome, and frequently emerges as a difficult problem encountered during long-term pharmacological treatment of diabetes. Insulin resistance often causes organs or tissues, such as skeletal muscle, adipose, and liver, to become less responsive or resistant to insulin. Exercise can promote the physiological function of those organs and tissues and benefits insulin action via increasing insulin receptor sensitivity, glucose uptake, and mitochondrial function. This is done by decreasing adipose tissue deposition, inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress. However, understanding the mechanism that regulates the interaction between exercise and insulin function becomes a challenging task. As a novel myokine, irisin is activated by exercise, released from the muscle, and affects multi-organ functions. Recent evidence indicates that it can promote glucose uptake, improve mitochondrial function, alleviate obesity, and decrease inflammation, as a result leading to the improvement of insulin action. We here will review the current evidence concerning the signaling pathways by which irisin regulates the effect of exercise on the up-regulation of insulin action in humans and animals.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/12/5837insulin resistanceexerciseirisinmuscleliverfat |
| spellingShingle | Junjie Lin Xu Liu Yalan Zhou Baishu Zhu Yuanxin Wang Wei Cui Yan Peng Bin Wang Chen Zhao Renqing Zhao Molecular Basis of Irisin Regulating the Effects of Exercise on Insulin Resistance Applied Sciences insulin resistance exercise irisin muscle liver fat |
| title | Molecular Basis of Irisin Regulating the Effects of Exercise on Insulin Resistance |
| title_full | Molecular Basis of Irisin Regulating the Effects of Exercise on Insulin Resistance |
| title_fullStr | Molecular Basis of Irisin Regulating the Effects of Exercise on Insulin Resistance |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Basis of Irisin Regulating the Effects of Exercise on Insulin Resistance |
| title_short | Molecular Basis of Irisin Regulating the Effects of Exercise on Insulin Resistance |
| title_sort | molecular basis of irisin regulating the effects of exercise on insulin resistance |
| topic | insulin resistance exercise irisin muscle liver fat |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/12/5837 |
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