Applicability of Extreme Vertices Design in the Compositional Optimization of 3D-Printed Lightweight High-Entropy-Alloy/B<sub>4</sub>C/ZrO<sub>2</sub>/Titanium Trihybrid Aero-Composite
Recent studies have shown the benefits of utilizing ceramic particles as reinforcement in metal alloys; nevertheless, certain drawbacks, including loss of ductility, embrittlement, and decreases in toughness, have been noted. For the objective of obtaining balanced performance, experts have suggeste...
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Mathematical and Computational Applications |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8747/28/2/54 |
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| author | Abayomi Adewale Akinwande Dimitry Moskovskikh Elena Romanovskaia Oluwatosin Abiodun Balogun J. Pradeep Kumar Valentin Romanovski |
| author_facet | Abayomi Adewale Akinwande Dimitry Moskovskikh Elena Romanovskaia Oluwatosin Abiodun Balogun J. Pradeep Kumar Valentin Romanovski |
| author_sort | Abayomi Adewale Akinwande |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Recent studies have shown the benefits of utilizing ceramic particles as reinforcement in metal alloys; nevertheless, certain drawbacks, including loss of ductility, embrittlement, and decreases in toughness, have been noted. For the objective of obtaining balanced performance, experts have suggested the addition of metal particles as supplement to the ceramic reinforcement. Consequently, high-performance metal hybrid composites have been developed. However, achieving the optimal mix for the reinforcement combination with regards to the optimal performance of developed composite remains a challenge. This research aimed to determine the optimal mixture of Al<sub>50</sub>Cu<sub>10</sub>Sn<sub>5</sub>Mg<sub>20</sub>Zn<sub>10</sub>Ti<sub>5</sub> lightweight high-entropy alloy (LHEA), B4C, and ZrO<sub>2</sub> for the fabrication of trihybrid titanium composites via direct laser deposition. A mixture design was involved in the experimental design, and experimental data were modeled and optimized to achieve the optimal performance of the trihybrid composite. The ANOVA, response surface plots, and ternary maps analyses of the experimental results revealed that various combinations of reinforcement particles displayed a variety of response trends. Moreover, the analysis showed that these reinforcements significantly contributed to the magnitudes and trends of the responses. The generated models were competent for predicting response, and the best formulation consisted of 8.4% LHEA, 1.2% B4C, and 2.4% ZrO<sub>2</sub>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:46:53Z |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:46:53Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Mathematical and Computational Applications |
| spelling | doaj.art-944b344fcee54242a3ae050fe5bc2c0d2023-11-17T20:19:39ZengMDPI AGMathematical and Computational Applications1300-686X2297-87472023-04-012825410.3390/mca28020054Applicability of Extreme Vertices Design in the Compositional Optimization of 3D-Printed Lightweight High-Entropy-Alloy/B<sub>4</sub>C/ZrO<sub>2</sub>/Titanium Trihybrid Aero-CompositeAbayomi Adewale Akinwande0Dimitry Moskovskikh1Elena Romanovskaia2Oluwatosin Abiodun Balogun3J. Pradeep Kumar4Valentin Romanovski5Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure 340110, NigeriaCenter for Functional Nano-Ceramics, National University of Science and Technology, “MISIS”, Lenin Av., 119049 Moscow, RussiaDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USADepartment of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure 340110, NigeriaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Kings Engineering College, Chennai 602117, IndiaCenter for Functional Nano-Ceramics, National University of Science and Technology, “MISIS”, Lenin Av., 119049 Moscow, RussiaRecent studies have shown the benefits of utilizing ceramic particles as reinforcement in metal alloys; nevertheless, certain drawbacks, including loss of ductility, embrittlement, and decreases in toughness, have been noted. For the objective of obtaining balanced performance, experts have suggested the addition of metal particles as supplement to the ceramic reinforcement. Consequently, high-performance metal hybrid composites have been developed. However, achieving the optimal mix for the reinforcement combination with regards to the optimal performance of developed composite remains a challenge. This research aimed to determine the optimal mixture of Al<sub>50</sub>Cu<sub>10</sub>Sn<sub>5</sub>Mg<sub>20</sub>Zn<sub>10</sub>Ti<sub>5</sub> lightweight high-entropy alloy (LHEA), B4C, and ZrO<sub>2</sub> for the fabrication of trihybrid titanium composites via direct laser deposition. A mixture design was involved in the experimental design, and experimental data were modeled and optimized to achieve the optimal performance of the trihybrid composite. The ANOVA, response surface plots, and ternary maps analyses of the experimental results revealed that various combinations of reinforcement particles displayed a variety of response trends. Moreover, the analysis showed that these reinforcements significantly contributed to the magnitudes and trends of the responses. The generated models were competent for predicting response, and the best formulation consisted of 8.4% LHEA, 1.2% B4C, and 2.4% ZrO<sub>2</sub>.https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8747/28/2/54direct laser depositionlightweight high-entropy alloymixture designternary mapsTi6Al4Vtrihybrid composite |
| spellingShingle | Abayomi Adewale Akinwande Dimitry Moskovskikh Elena Romanovskaia Oluwatosin Abiodun Balogun J. Pradeep Kumar Valentin Romanovski Applicability of Extreme Vertices Design in the Compositional Optimization of 3D-Printed Lightweight High-Entropy-Alloy/B<sub>4</sub>C/ZrO<sub>2</sub>/Titanium Trihybrid Aero-Composite Mathematical and Computational Applications direct laser deposition lightweight high-entropy alloy mixture design ternary maps Ti6Al4V trihybrid composite |
| title | Applicability of Extreme Vertices Design in the Compositional Optimization of 3D-Printed Lightweight High-Entropy-Alloy/B<sub>4</sub>C/ZrO<sub>2</sub>/Titanium Trihybrid Aero-Composite |
| title_full | Applicability of Extreme Vertices Design in the Compositional Optimization of 3D-Printed Lightweight High-Entropy-Alloy/B<sub>4</sub>C/ZrO<sub>2</sub>/Titanium Trihybrid Aero-Composite |
| title_fullStr | Applicability of Extreme Vertices Design in the Compositional Optimization of 3D-Printed Lightweight High-Entropy-Alloy/B<sub>4</sub>C/ZrO<sub>2</sub>/Titanium Trihybrid Aero-Composite |
| title_full_unstemmed | Applicability of Extreme Vertices Design in the Compositional Optimization of 3D-Printed Lightweight High-Entropy-Alloy/B<sub>4</sub>C/ZrO<sub>2</sub>/Titanium Trihybrid Aero-Composite |
| title_short | Applicability of Extreme Vertices Design in the Compositional Optimization of 3D-Printed Lightweight High-Entropy-Alloy/B<sub>4</sub>C/ZrO<sub>2</sub>/Titanium Trihybrid Aero-Composite |
| title_sort | applicability of extreme vertices design in the compositional optimization of 3d printed lightweight high entropy alloy b sub 4 sub c zro sub 2 sub titanium trihybrid aero composite |
| topic | direct laser deposition lightweight high-entropy alloy mixture design ternary maps Ti6Al4V trihybrid composite |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8747/28/2/54 |
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