Penicillium polonicum-mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles: Unveiling antimicrobial and seed germination advancements
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), widely recognized for their nanoscale geometric size and unique properties, such as large specific surface area, high permeability, and high safety, were synthesized using the endophytic fungus Penicillium polonicum PG21 through a green approach. Four key synthesis fact...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2024-04-01
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| Series: | Heliyon |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024050023 |
| _version_ | 1797219330079850496 |
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| author | Yunhao Zhu Xiangxiang Hu Mengyi Qiao Le Zhao Chengming Dong |
| author_facet | Yunhao Zhu Xiangxiang Hu Mengyi Qiao Le Zhao Chengming Dong |
| author_sort | Yunhao Zhu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), widely recognized for their nanoscale geometric size and unique properties, such as large specific surface area, high permeability, and high safety, were synthesized using the endophytic fungus Penicillium polonicum PG21 through a green approach. Four key synthesis factors—48 h, 45 °C, pH 9.0, and 80 mM AgNPs concentration—were optimized. Characterization via ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction revealed the AgNPs as approximately 3–25 nm spherical particles with numerous functional groups ensuring stability. AgNPs were tested against various fungal and bacterial plant pathogens, including Botrytis cinerea (EB-1), Alternaria alternata (EB-2, EB-3), Fusarium solani (RG-1), Williamsia serinedens (SL-1), Sphingopyxis macrogoltabida (SL-2), Bacillus velezensis (SL-3), and Pseudomonas mediterranea (SL-4), causing agricultural challenges. PG21-synthesized AgNPs exhibited inhibition rates against all tested fungi, with 60 μg/mL AgNPs demonstrating optimal inhibition rates. Notably, EB-1 experienced a significant growth inhibition, reaching an inhibition rate reached of 74.22 ± 1.54%. Conversely, RG-1 exhibited the smallest inhibitory effect at 48.13 ± 0.92%. The effect of AgNPs on safflower seed germination and growth revealed notable increases in shoot length, fresh weight, stem length, and number of lateral roots—1.4, 1.4, 1.33, and 10.67 times higher than the control, respectively, at an AgNPs concentration of 80 μg/mL. In conclusion, green-synthesized AgNPs demonstrate pathogen toxicity, showcasing potential applications in disease management for industrial crops and promoting plant growth. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T12:31:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9460e99d7e5944f5a0738da546cddf12 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T12:31:56Z |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj.art-9460e99d7e5944f5a0738da546cddf122024-04-08T04:08:33ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402024-04-01107e28971Penicillium polonicum-mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles: Unveiling antimicrobial and seed germination advancementsYunhao Zhu0Xiangxiang Hu1Mengyi Qiao2Le Zhao3Chengming Dong4School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of PR China, PR ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China; Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of PR China, PR China; Corresponding authorJinshui East Road No.156, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, PR China.Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), widely recognized for their nanoscale geometric size and unique properties, such as large specific surface area, high permeability, and high safety, were synthesized using the endophytic fungus Penicillium polonicum PG21 through a green approach. Four key synthesis factors—48 h, 45 °C, pH 9.0, and 80 mM AgNPs concentration—were optimized. Characterization via ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction revealed the AgNPs as approximately 3–25 nm spherical particles with numerous functional groups ensuring stability. AgNPs were tested against various fungal and bacterial plant pathogens, including Botrytis cinerea (EB-1), Alternaria alternata (EB-2, EB-3), Fusarium solani (RG-1), Williamsia serinedens (SL-1), Sphingopyxis macrogoltabida (SL-2), Bacillus velezensis (SL-3), and Pseudomonas mediterranea (SL-4), causing agricultural challenges. PG21-synthesized AgNPs exhibited inhibition rates against all tested fungi, with 60 μg/mL AgNPs demonstrating optimal inhibition rates. Notably, EB-1 experienced a significant growth inhibition, reaching an inhibition rate reached of 74.22 ± 1.54%. Conversely, RG-1 exhibited the smallest inhibitory effect at 48.13 ± 0.92%. The effect of AgNPs on safflower seed germination and growth revealed notable increases in shoot length, fresh weight, stem length, and number of lateral roots—1.4, 1.4, 1.33, and 10.67 times higher than the control, respectively, at an AgNPs concentration of 80 μg/mL. In conclusion, green-synthesized AgNPs demonstrate pathogen toxicity, showcasing potential applications in disease management for industrial crops and promoting plant growth.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024050023Silver nanoparticlesFungusGreen synthesisAntimicrobial activitySeed germination |
| spellingShingle | Yunhao Zhu Xiangxiang Hu Mengyi Qiao Le Zhao Chengming Dong Penicillium polonicum-mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles: Unveiling antimicrobial and seed germination advancements Heliyon Silver nanoparticles Fungus Green synthesis Antimicrobial activity Seed germination |
| title | Penicillium polonicum-mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles: Unveiling antimicrobial and seed germination advancements |
| title_full | Penicillium polonicum-mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles: Unveiling antimicrobial and seed germination advancements |
| title_fullStr | Penicillium polonicum-mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles: Unveiling antimicrobial and seed germination advancements |
| title_full_unstemmed | Penicillium polonicum-mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles: Unveiling antimicrobial and seed germination advancements |
| title_short | Penicillium polonicum-mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles: Unveiling antimicrobial and seed germination advancements |
| title_sort | penicillium polonicum mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles unveiling antimicrobial and seed germination advancements |
| topic | Silver nanoparticles Fungus Green synthesis Antimicrobial activity Seed germination |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024050023 |
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