Monitoring and Mapping Vineyard Water Status Using Non-Invasive Technologies by a Ground Robot
There is a growing need to provide support and applicable tools to farmers and the agro-industry in order to move from their traditional water status monitoring and high-water-demand cropping and irrigation practices to modern, more precise, reduced-demand systems and technologies. In precision viti...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-07-01
|
| Series: | Remote Sensing |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/14/2830 |
| _version_ | 1827686947712139264 |
|---|---|
| author | Juan Fernández-Novales Verónica Saiz-Rubio Ignacio Barrio Francisco Rovira-Más Andrés Cuenca-Cuenca Fernando Santos Alves Joana Valente Javier Tardaguila María Paz Diago |
| author_facet | Juan Fernández-Novales Verónica Saiz-Rubio Ignacio Barrio Francisco Rovira-Más Andrés Cuenca-Cuenca Fernando Santos Alves Joana Valente Javier Tardaguila María Paz Diago |
| author_sort | Juan Fernández-Novales |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | There is a growing need to provide support and applicable tools to farmers and the agro-industry in order to move from their traditional water status monitoring and high-water-demand cropping and irrigation practices to modern, more precise, reduced-demand systems and technologies. In precision viticulture, very few approaches with ground robots have served as moving platforms for carrying non-invasive sensors to deliver field maps that help growers in decision making. The goal of this work is to demonstrate the capability of the VineScout (developed in the context of a H2020 EU project), a ground robot designed to assess and map vineyard water status using thermal infrared radiometry in commercial vineyards. The trials were carried out in Douro Superior (Portugal) under different irrigation treatments during seasons 2019 and 2020. Grapevines of <i>Vitis vinifera</i> L. Touriga Nacional were monitored at different timings of the day using leaf water potential (<b>Ψ</b><sub>l</sub>) as reference indicators of plant water status. Grapevines’ canopy temperature (T<sub>c</sub>) values, recorded with an infrared radiometer, as well as data acquired with an environmental sensor (T<sub>air</sub>, RH, and AP) and NDVI measurements collected with a multispectral sensor were automatically saved in the computer of the autonomous robot to assess and map the spatial variability of a commercial vineyard water status. Calibration and prediction models were performed using Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression. The best prediction models for grapevine water status yielded a determination coefficient of cross-validation (r<sup>2</sup><sub>cv</sub>) of 0.57 in the morning time and a r<sup>2</sup><sub>cv</sub> of 0.42 in the midday. The root mean square error of cross-validation (RMSE<sub>cv</sub>) was 0.191 MPa and 0.139 MPa at morning and midday, respectively. Spatial–temporal variation maps were developed at two different times of the day to illustrate the capability to monitor the grapevine water status in order to reduce the consumption of water, implementing appropriate irrigation strategies and increase the efficiency in the real time vineyard management. The promising outcomes gathered with the VineScout using different sensors based on thermography, multispectral imaging and environmental data disclose the need for further studies considering new variables related with the plant water status, and more grapevine cultivars, seasons and locations to improve the accuracy, robustness and reliability of the predictive models, in the context of precision and sustainable viticulture. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:24:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-94793c825f58489cb2eed4374d79893c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:24:50Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-94793c825f58489cb2eed4374d79893c2023-11-22T04:53:03ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922021-07-011314283010.3390/rs13142830Monitoring and Mapping Vineyard Water Status Using Non-Invasive Technologies by a Ground RobotJuan Fernández-Novales0Verónica Saiz-Rubio1Ignacio Barrio2Francisco Rovira-Más3Andrés Cuenca-Cuenca4Fernando Santos Alves5Joana Valente6Javier Tardaguila7María Paz Diago8Televitis Research Group, University of La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, SpainAgricultural Robotics Laboratory (ARL), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera, s/n., 46022 Valencia, SpainTelevitis Research Group, University of La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, SpainAgricultural Robotics Laboratory (ARL), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera, s/n., 46022 Valencia, SpainAgricultural Robotics Laboratory (ARL), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera, s/n., 46022 Valencia, SpainSymington Family Estates, Vinhos SA, Travessa Barão de Forrester 86, 4431-901 Vila Nova de Gaia, PortugalSymington Family Estates, Vinhos SA, Travessa Barão de Forrester 86, 4431-901 Vila Nova de Gaia, PortugalTelevitis Research Group, University of La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, SpainTelevitis Research Group, University of La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, SpainThere is a growing need to provide support and applicable tools to farmers and the agro-industry in order to move from their traditional water status monitoring and high-water-demand cropping and irrigation practices to modern, more precise, reduced-demand systems and technologies. In precision viticulture, very few approaches with ground robots have served as moving platforms for carrying non-invasive sensors to deliver field maps that help growers in decision making. The goal of this work is to demonstrate the capability of the VineScout (developed in the context of a H2020 EU project), a ground robot designed to assess and map vineyard water status using thermal infrared radiometry in commercial vineyards. The trials were carried out in Douro Superior (Portugal) under different irrigation treatments during seasons 2019 and 2020. Grapevines of <i>Vitis vinifera</i> L. Touriga Nacional were monitored at different timings of the day using leaf water potential (<b>Ψ</b><sub>l</sub>) as reference indicators of plant water status. Grapevines’ canopy temperature (T<sub>c</sub>) values, recorded with an infrared radiometer, as well as data acquired with an environmental sensor (T<sub>air</sub>, RH, and AP) and NDVI measurements collected with a multispectral sensor were automatically saved in the computer of the autonomous robot to assess and map the spatial variability of a commercial vineyard water status. Calibration and prediction models were performed using Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression. The best prediction models for grapevine water status yielded a determination coefficient of cross-validation (r<sup>2</sup><sub>cv</sub>) of 0.57 in the morning time and a r<sup>2</sup><sub>cv</sub> of 0.42 in the midday. The root mean square error of cross-validation (RMSE<sub>cv</sub>) was 0.191 MPa and 0.139 MPa at morning and midday, respectively. Spatial–temporal variation maps were developed at two different times of the day to illustrate the capability to monitor the grapevine water status in order to reduce the consumption of water, implementing appropriate irrigation strategies and increase the efficiency in the real time vineyard management. The promising outcomes gathered with the VineScout using different sensors based on thermography, multispectral imaging and environmental data disclose the need for further studies considering new variables related with the plant water status, and more grapevine cultivars, seasons and locations to improve the accuracy, robustness and reliability of the predictive models, in the context of precision and sustainable viticulture.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/14/2830agricultural roboticsnon-invasive proximal sensingwater stresschemometricsprecision viticulture |
| spellingShingle | Juan Fernández-Novales Verónica Saiz-Rubio Ignacio Barrio Francisco Rovira-Más Andrés Cuenca-Cuenca Fernando Santos Alves Joana Valente Javier Tardaguila María Paz Diago Monitoring and Mapping Vineyard Water Status Using Non-Invasive Technologies by a Ground Robot Remote Sensing agricultural robotics non-invasive proximal sensing water stress chemometrics precision viticulture |
| title | Monitoring and Mapping Vineyard Water Status Using Non-Invasive Technologies by a Ground Robot |
| title_full | Monitoring and Mapping Vineyard Water Status Using Non-Invasive Technologies by a Ground Robot |
| title_fullStr | Monitoring and Mapping Vineyard Water Status Using Non-Invasive Technologies by a Ground Robot |
| title_full_unstemmed | Monitoring and Mapping Vineyard Water Status Using Non-Invasive Technologies by a Ground Robot |
| title_short | Monitoring and Mapping Vineyard Water Status Using Non-Invasive Technologies by a Ground Robot |
| title_sort | monitoring and mapping vineyard water status using non invasive technologies by a ground robot |
| topic | agricultural robotics non-invasive proximal sensing water stress chemometrics precision viticulture |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/14/2830 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT juanfernandeznovales monitoringandmappingvineyardwaterstatususingnoninvasivetechnologiesbyagroundrobot AT veronicasaizrubio monitoringandmappingvineyardwaterstatususingnoninvasivetechnologiesbyagroundrobot AT ignaciobarrio monitoringandmappingvineyardwaterstatususingnoninvasivetechnologiesbyagroundrobot AT franciscoroviramas monitoringandmappingvineyardwaterstatususingnoninvasivetechnologiesbyagroundrobot AT andrescuencacuenca monitoringandmappingvineyardwaterstatususingnoninvasivetechnologiesbyagroundrobot AT fernandosantosalves monitoringandmappingvineyardwaterstatususingnoninvasivetechnologiesbyagroundrobot AT joanavalente monitoringandmappingvineyardwaterstatususingnoninvasivetechnologiesbyagroundrobot AT javiertardaguila monitoringandmappingvineyardwaterstatususingnoninvasivetechnologiesbyagroundrobot AT mariapazdiago monitoringandmappingvineyardwaterstatususingnoninvasivetechnologiesbyagroundrobot |