Seasonal and Spatial Dynamics of Fungal Diversity and Communities in the Intertidal Zones of Qingdao, China
Intertidal zones comprise diverse habitats and directly suffer from the influences of human activities. Nevertheless, the seasonal fluctuations in fungal diversity and community structure in these areas are not well comprehended. To address this gap, samples of seawater and sediment were collected s...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Fungi |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/9/10/1015 |
| _version_ | 1797573312494174208 |
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| author | Wei Li Qi Li Zhihui Pan Gaëtan Burgaud Hehe Ma Yao Zheng Mengmeng Wang Lei Cai |
| author_facet | Wei Li Qi Li Zhihui Pan Gaëtan Burgaud Hehe Ma Yao Zheng Mengmeng Wang Lei Cai |
| author_sort | Wei Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Intertidal zones comprise diverse habitats and directly suffer from the influences of human activities. Nevertheless, the seasonal fluctuations in fungal diversity and community structure in these areas are not well comprehended. To address this gap, samples of seawater and sediment were collected seasonally from the estuary and swimming beaches of Qingdao’s intertidal areas in China and were analyzed using a metabarcoding approach targeting ITS2 rDNA regions. Compared to the seawater community dominated by <i>Ciliophora</i> and Agaricomycetes, the sediment community was rather dominated by Dothideomycetes and Eurotiomycetes. Furthermore, the seawater community shifted with the seasons but not with the locations, while the sediment community shifted seasonally and spatially, with a specific trend showing that <i>Cladosporium</i>, <i>Alternaria</i>, and <i>Aureobasidium</i> occurred predominantly in the estuarine habitats during winter and in the beach habitats during spring. These spatiotemporal shifts in fungal communities’ composition were supported by the PERMANOVA test and could be explained partially by the environmental variables checked, including temperature, salinity, and total organic carbon. Unexpectedly, the lowest fungal richness was observed in the summer sediments from two swimming beaches which were attracting a high influx of tourists during summer, leading to a significant anthropogenic influence. Predicted trophic modes of fungal taxa exhibited a seasonal pattern with an abundance of saprotrophic fungi in the summer sediments, positively correlating to the temperature, while the taxa affiliated with symbiotroph and pathotroph-saprotroph occurred abundantly in the winter and spring sediments, respectively. Our results demonstrate the space–time shifts in terms of the fungal community, as well as the trophic modes in the intertidal region, providing in-depth insights into the potential influence of environmental factors and human activity on intertidal mycobiomes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:08:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-948b9ec27c8947bcb9f5aae235cc9656 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:08:03Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj.art-948b9ec27c8947bcb9f5aae235cc96562023-11-19T17:01:03ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2023-10-01910101510.3390/jof9101015Seasonal and Spatial Dynamics of Fungal Diversity and Communities in the Intertidal Zones of Qingdao, ChinaWei Li0Qi Li1Zhihui Pan2Gaëtan Burgaud3Hehe Ma4Yao Zheng5Mengmeng Wang6Lei Cai7College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, ChinaCollege of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, ChinaCollege of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, ChinaLaboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Écologie Microbienne, Frech National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Université de Bretagne Occidentale, F-29280 Plouzané, FranceCollege of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, ChinaCollege of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, ChinaCollege of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaIntertidal zones comprise diverse habitats and directly suffer from the influences of human activities. Nevertheless, the seasonal fluctuations in fungal diversity and community structure in these areas are not well comprehended. To address this gap, samples of seawater and sediment were collected seasonally from the estuary and swimming beaches of Qingdao’s intertidal areas in China and were analyzed using a metabarcoding approach targeting ITS2 rDNA regions. Compared to the seawater community dominated by <i>Ciliophora</i> and Agaricomycetes, the sediment community was rather dominated by Dothideomycetes and Eurotiomycetes. Furthermore, the seawater community shifted with the seasons but not with the locations, while the sediment community shifted seasonally and spatially, with a specific trend showing that <i>Cladosporium</i>, <i>Alternaria</i>, and <i>Aureobasidium</i> occurred predominantly in the estuarine habitats during winter and in the beach habitats during spring. These spatiotemporal shifts in fungal communities’ composition were supported by the PERMANOVA test and could be explained partially by the environmental variables checked, including temperature, salinity, and total organic carbon. Unexpectedly, the lowest fungal richness was observed in the summer sediments from two swimming beaches which were attracting a high influx of tourists during summer, leading to a significant anthropogenic influence. Predicted trophic modes of fungal taxa exhibited a seasonal pattern with an abundance of saprotrophic fungi in the summer sediments, positively correlating to the temperature, while the taxa affiliated with symbiotroph and pathotroph-saprotroph occurred abundantly in the winter and spring sediments, respectively. Our results demonstrate the space–time shifts in terms of the fungal community, as well as the trophic modes in the intertidal region, providing in-depth insights into the potential influence of environmental factors and human activity on intertidal mycobiomes.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/9/10/1015coastal regionfungal richnesscommunity structuretrophic modespatiotemporal pattern |
| spellingShingle | Wei Li Qi Li Zhihui Pan Gaëtan Burgaud Hehe Ma Yao Zheng Mengmeng Wang Lei Cai Seasonal and Spatial Dynamics of Fungal Diversity and Communities in the Intertidal Zones of Qingdao, China Journal of Fungi coastal region fungal richness community structure trophic mode spatiotemporal pattern |
| title | Seasonal and Spatial Dynamics of Fungal Diversity and Communities in the Intertidal Zones of Qingdao, China |
| title_full | Seasonal and Spatial Dynamics of Fungal Diversity and Communities in the Intertidal Zones of Qingdao, China |
| title_fullStr | Seasonal and Spatial Dynamics of Fungal Diversity and Communities in the Intertidal Zones of Qingdao, China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Seasonal and Spatial Dynamics of Fungal Diversity and Communities in the Intertidal Zones of Qingdao, China |
| title_short | Seasonal and Spatial Dynamics of Fungal Diversity and Communities in the Intertidal Zones of Qingdao, China |
| title_sort | seasonal and spatial dynamics of fungal diversity and communities in the intertidal zones of qingdao china |
| topic | coastal region fungal richness community structure trophic mode spatiotemporal pattern |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/9/10/1015 |
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