Current Knowledge about Mechanisms of Drug Resistance against ALK Inhibitors in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for the majority of lung cancer subtypes. Two to seven percent of NSCLC patients harbor gene rearrangements of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene or, alternatively, harbor chromosomal fusions of ALK with echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-lik...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/4/699 |
| _version_ | 1797412308317634560 |
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| author | Elisabeth Smolle Valentin Taucher Joerg Lindenmann Philipp J. Jost Martin Pichler |
| author_facet | Elisabeth Smolle Valentin Taucher Joerg Lindenmann Philipp J. Jost Martin Pichler |
| author_sort | Elisabeth Smolle |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for the majority of lung cancer subtypes. Two to seven percent of NSCLC patients harbor gene rearrangements of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene or, alternatively, harbor chromosomal fusions of ALK with echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 (EML4). The availability of tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting ALK (ALK-TKIs) has significantly improved the progression-free and overall survival of NSCLC patients carrying the respective genetic aberrations. Yet, increasing evidence shows that primary or secondary resistance to ALK-inhibitors during the course of treatment represents a relevant clinical problem. This necessitates a switch to second- or third-generation ALK-TKIs and a close observation of NSCLC patients on ALK-TKIs during the course of treatment by repetitive molecular testing. With this review of the literature, we aim at providing an overview of current knowledge about resistance mechanisms to ALK-TKIs in NSCLC. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:00:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-94aeb3e313854ba2a18ebda97d84386d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:00:16Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-94aeb3e313854ba2a18ebda97d84386d2023-12-03T13:01:07ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942021-02-0113469910.3390/cancers13040699Current Knowledge about Mechanisms of Drug Resistance against ALK Inhibitors in Non-Small Cell Lung CancerElisabeth Smolle0Valentin Taucher1Joerg Lindenmann2Philipp J. Jost3Martin Pichler4Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, AustriaDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Barmherzige Schwestern Ried, 4910 Ried, AustriaDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, University Clinic of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, AustriaDivision of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, AustriaDivision of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, AustriaNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for the majority of lung cancer subtypes. Two to seven percent of NSCLC patients harbor gene rearrangements of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene or, alternatively, harbor chromosomal fusions of ALK with echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 (EML4). The availability of tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting ALK (ALK-TKIs) has significantly improved the progression-free and overall survival of NSCLC patients carrying the respective genetic aberrations. Yet, increasing evidence shows that primary or secondary resistance to ALK-inhibitors during the course of treatment represents a relevant clinical problem. This necessitates a switch to second- or third-generation ALK-TKIs and a close observation of NSCLC patients on ALK-TKIs during the course of treatment by repetitive molecular testing. With this review of the literature, we aim at providing an overview of current knowledge about resistance mechanisms to ALK-TKIs in NSCLC.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/4/699ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitorsnon-small cell lung canceracquired resistance mechanismsepithelial-mesenchymal transition |
| spellingShingle | Elisabeth Smolle Valentin Taucher Joerg Lindenmann Philipp J. Jost Martin Pichler Current Knowledge about Mechanisms of Drug Resistance against ALK Inhibitors in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cancers ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors non-small cell lung cancer acquired resistance mechanisms epithelial-mesenchymal transition |
| title | Current Knowledge about Mechanisms of Drug Resistance against ALK Inhibitors in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer |
| title_full | Current Knowledge about Mechanisms of Drug Resistance against ALK Inhibitors in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer |
| title_fullStr | Current Knowledge about Mechanisms of Drug Resistance against ALK Inhibitors in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Current Knowledge about Mechanisms of Drug Resistance against ALK Inhibitors in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer |
| title_short | Current Knowledge about Mechanisms of Drug Resistance against ALK Inhibitors in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer |
| title_sort | current knowledge about mechanisms of drug resistance against alk inhibitors in non small cell lung cancer |
| topic | ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors non-small cell lung cancer acquired resistance mechanisms epithelial-mesenchymal transition |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/4/699 |
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