RETRACTED ARTICLE: Assessment of fetal intraventricular diastolic fluid dynamics using ultrasound vector flow mapping
Abstract Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of visualizing and quantifying the normal pattern of vortex formation in the left ventricle (LV) and right ventricle (RV) of the fetal heart during diastole using vector flow mapping (VFM). Methods A total of 36 healthy...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-10-01
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| Series: | BMC Cardiovascular Disorders |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-023-03524-0 |
| _version_ | 1827316260727160832 |
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| author | Qinglan Shu Yi Wang Xinyi Lin Shenghua Xie Zhengyang Wang Sijia Wang Lixue Yin |
| author_facet | Qinglan Shu Yi Wang Xinyi Lin Shenghua Xie Zhengyang Wang Sijia Wang Lixue Yin |
| author_sort | Qinglan Shu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of visualizing and quantifying the normal pattern of vortex formation in the left ventricle (LV) and right ventricle (RV) of the fetal heart during diastole using vector flow mapping (VFM). Methods A total of 36 healthy fetuses in the second trimester (mean gestational age: 23 weeks, 2 days; range: 22–24 weeks) were enrolled in the study. Color Doppler signals were recorded in the four-chamber view to observe the phase of the diastolic vortices in the LV and RV. The vortex area and circulation were measured, and parameters such as intraventricular pressure difference (IVPD), intraventricular pressure gradient (IVPG), and average energy loss (EL_AVG) were evaluated at different diastolic phases, including isovolumic relaxation (D1), early diastole (D2), and late diastole (D3). Results Healthy second-trimester fetal vortex formations were observed in both the LV and RV at the end of diastole, with the vortices rotating in a clockwise direction towards the outflow tract. There were no significant differences in vortex area and circulation between the two ventricles (p > 0.05). However, significant differences were found in IVPD, IVPG, and EL_AVG among the diastolic phases (D1, D2, and D3) (p < 0.05). Trends in IVPD, IVPG, and EL_AVG during diastole (D1-D2-D3) revealed increasing IVPD and EL_AVG values, as well as decreasing IVPG values. Furthermore, during D3, the RV exhibited significantly higher IVPD, IVPG, and EL_AVG compared to the LV (p > 0.05). Conclusion VFM is a valuable technique for analyzing the formation of vortices in the left and right ventricles during fetal diastole. The application of VFM technology has the potential to enhance the assessment of fetal cardiac parameters. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:30:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-94b690490cb04a829d640764ab02db75 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2261 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T23:10:38Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Cardiovascular Disorders |
| spelling | doaj.art-94b690490cb04a829d640764ab02db752024-03-17T12:13:52ZengBMCBMC Cardiovascular Disorders1471-22612023-10-012311810.1186/s12872-023-03524-0RETRACTED ARTICLE: Assessment of fetal intraventricular diastolic fluid dynamics using ultrasound vector flow mappingQinglan Shu0Yi Wang1Xinyi Lin2Shenghua Xie3Zhengyang Wang4Sijia Wang5Lixue Yin6Ultrasound in Cardiac Electrophysiology and Biomechanics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaUltrasound in Cardiac Electrophysiology and Biomechanics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaSchool of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong KongUltrasound in Cardiac Electrophysiology and Biomechanics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaUltrasound in Cardiac Electrophysiology and Biomechanics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaUltrasound in Cardiac Electrophysiology and Biomechanics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaUltrasound in Cardiac Electrophysiology and Biomechanics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaAbstract Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of visualizing and quantifying the normal pattern of vortex formation in the left ventricle (LV) and right ventricle (RV) of the fetal heart during diastole using vector flow mapping (VFM). Methods A total of 36 healthy fetuses in the second trimester (mean gestational age: 23 weeks, 2 days; range: 22–24 weeks) were enrolled in the study. Color Doppler signals were recorded in the four-chamber view to observe the phase of the diastolic vortices in the LV and RV. The vortex area and circulation were measured, and parameters such as intraventricular pressure difference (IVPD), intraventricular pressure gradient (IVPG), and average energy loss (EL_AVG) were evaluated at different diastolic phases, including isovolumic relaxation (D1), early diastole (D2), and late diastole (D3). Results Healthy second-trimester fetal vortex formations were observed in both the LV and RV at the end of diastole, with the vortices rotating in a clockwise direction towards the outflow tract. There were no significant differences in vortex area and circulation between the two ventricles (p > 0.05). However, significant differences were found in IVPD, IVPG, and EL_AVG among the diastolic phases (D1, D2, and D3) (p < 0.05). Trends in IVPD, IVPG, and EL_AVG during diastole (D1-D2-D3) revealed increasing IVPD and EL_AVG values, as well as decreasing IVPG values. Furthermore, during D3, the RV exhibited significantly higher IVPD, IVPG, and EL_AVG compared to the LV (p > 0.05). Conclusion VFM is a valuable technique for analyzing the formation of vortices in the left and right ventricles during fetal diastole. The application of VFM technology has the potential to enhance the assessment of fetal cardiac parameters.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-023-03524-0EchocardiographyVector flow mappingEnergy lossIntraventricular pressure gradientsVortexHemodynamics |
| spellingShingle | Qinglan Shu Yi Wang Xinyi Lin Shenghua Xie Zhengyang Wang Sijia Wang Lixue Yin RETRACTED ARTICLE: Assessment of fetal intraventricular diastolic fluid dynamics using ultrasound vector flow mapping BMC Cardiovascular Disorders Echocardiography Vector flow mapping Energy loss Intraventricular pressure gradients Vortex Hemodynamics |
| title | RETRACTED ARTICLE: Assessment of fetal intraventricular diastolic fluid dynamics using ultrasound vector flow mapping |
| title_full | RETRACTED ARTICLE: Assessment of fetal intraventricular diastolic fluid dynamics using ultrasound vector flow mapping |
| title_fullStr | RETRACTED ARTICLE: Assessment of fetal intraventricular diastolic fluid dynamics using ultrasound vector flow mapping |
| title_full_unstemmed | RETRACTED ARTICLE: Assessment of fetal intraventricular diastolic fluid dynamics using ultrasound vector flow mapping |
| title_short | RETRACTED ARTICLE: Assessment of fetal intraventricular diastolic fluid dynamics using ultrasound vector flow mapping |
| title_sort | retracted article assessment of fetal intraventricular diastolic fluid dynamics using ultrasound vector flow mapping |
| topic | Echocardiography Vector flow mapping Energy loss Intraventricular pressure gradients Vortex Hemodynamics |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-023-03524-0 |
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