Retrograde Signaling: Understanding the Communication between Organelles
Understanding how cell organelles and compartments communicate with each other has always been an important field of knowledge widely explored by many researchers. However, despite years of investigations, one point—and perhaps the only point that many agree on—is that our knowledge about cellular-s...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/17/6173 |
| _version_ | 1797555472369188864 |
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| author | Jakub Mielecki Piotr Gawroński Stanisław Karpiński |
| author_facet | Jakub Mielecki Piotr Gawroński Stanisław Karpiński |
| author_sort | Jakub Mielecki |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Understanding how cell organelles and compartments communicate with each other has always been an important field of knowledge widely explored by many researchers. However, despite years of investigations, one point—and perhaps the only point that many agree on—is that our knowledge about cellular-signaling pathways still requires expanding. Chloroplasts and mitochondria (because of their primary functions in energy conversion) are important cellular sensors of environmental fluctuations and feedback they provide back to the nucleus is important for acclimatory responses. Under stressful conditions, it is important to manage cellular resources more efficiently in order to maintain a proper balance between development, growth and stress responses. For example, it can be achieved through regulation of nuclear and organellar gene expression. If plants are unable to adapt to stressful conditions, they will be unable to efficiently produce energy for growth and development—and ultimately die. In this review, we show the importance of retrograde signaling in stress responses, including the induction of cell death and in organelle biogenesis. The complexity of these pathways demonstrates how challenging it is to expand the existing knowledge. However, understanding this sophisticated communication may be important to develop new strategies of how to improve adaptability of plants in rapidly changing environments. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:48:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-94bc6b1e59244700a2d8bfd911c12e8b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:48:00Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-94bc6b1e59244700a2d8bfd911c12e8b2023-11-20T11:29:24ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-08-012117617310.3390/ijms21176173Retrograde Signaling: Understanding the Communication between OrganellesJakub Mielecki0Piotr Gawroński1Stanisław Karpiński2Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, PolandUnderstanding how cell organelles and compartments communicate with each other has always been an important field of knowledge widely explored by many researchers. However, despite years of investigations, one point—and perhaps the only point that many agree on—is that our knowledge about cellular-signaling pathways still requires expanding. Chloroplasts and mitochondria (because of their primary functions in energy conversion) are important cellular sensors of environmental fluctuations and feedback they provide back to the nucleus is important for acclimatory responses. Under stressful conditions, it is important to manage cellular resources more efficiently in order to maintain a proper balance between development, growth and stress responses. For example, it can be achieved through regulation of nuclear and organellar gene expression. If plants are unable to adapt to stressful conditions, they will be unable to efficiently produce energy for growth and development—and ultimately die. In this review, we show the importance of retrograde signaling in stress responses, including the induction of cell death and in organelle biogenesis. The complexity of these pathways demonstrates how challenging it is to expand the existing knowledge. However, understanding this sophisticated communication may be important to develop new strategies of how to improve adaptability of plants in rapidly changing environments.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/17/6173retrograde signalingbiogenic controloperational controlstress responsecell death |
| spellingShingle | Jakub Mielecki Piotr Gawroński Stanisław Karpiński Retrograde Signaling: Understanding the Communication between Organelles International Journal of Molecular Sciences retrograde signaling biogenic control operational control stress response cell death |
| title | Retrograde Signaling: Understanding the Communication between Organelles |
| title_full | Retrograde Signaling: Understanding the Communication between Organelles |
| title_fullStr | Retrograde Signaling: Understanding the Communication between Organelles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Retrograde Signaling: Understanding the Communication between Organelles |
| title_short | Retrograde Signaling: Understanding the Communication between Organelles |
| title_sort | retrograde signaling understanding the communication between organelles |
| topic | retrograde signaling biogenic control operational control stress response cell death |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/17/6173 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jakubmielecki retrogradesignalingunderstandingthecommunicationbetweenorganelles AT piotrgawronski retrogradesignalingunderstandingthecommunicationbetweenorganelles AT stanisławkarpinski retrogradesignalingunderstandingthecommunicationbetweenorganelles |