Contribution of base diet, voluntary fortified foods and supplements to micronutrient intakes in the UK
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the contribution of voluntary fortified foods and supplements to reducing micronutrient shortfalls in the UK population. A secondary analysis of the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey was conducted (2012/13–2013/14, N 2546, 1·5–95 years). Micronu...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Cambridge University Press
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Nutritional Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2048679022000477/type/journal_article |
| _version_ | 1811156006752747520 |
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| author | Julia K. Bird Rebecca Barron Sandrine Pigat Maaike J. Bruins |
| author_facet | Julia K. Bird Rebecca Barron Sandrine Pigat Maaike J. Bruins |
| author_sort | Julia K. Bird |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The objective of the present study was to evaluate the contribution of voluntary fortified foods and supplements to reducing micronutrient shortfalls in the UK population. A secondary analysis of the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey was conducted (2012/13–2013/14, N 2546, 1·5–95 years). Micronutrient intakes were derived from food consumption intake data and food composition data and calculated as the proportion below or above the Dietary Reference Values for males and females of different age groups, for those on a base diet only, users of fortified foods but no supplements and users of fortified foods and supplements. Of the population consuming a base diet only, 21–45 % and 5–29 % fell below the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) for minerals and vitamins, respectively. About 3–13 % fewer consumers of fortified foods fell below the EAR for vitamins and minerals. Supplements barely reduced the prevalence of intakes below the EAR. Among supplement non-users and users, 99 and 96 % failed to meet the reference intakes for vitamin D. More women than men were at risk of inadequacies of micronutrient intakes. The prevalence of inadequacies declined with increasing age. Voluntary fortified foods but not supplements made a meaningful contribution to intakes of vitamin and minerals, without risk of unacceptably high intakes. These insights may help the UK to define approaches to address micronutrients of concern in vulnerable groups. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T04:43:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-94c0d6233e314ea8bcd58867b841dbce |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2048-6790 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T04:43:07Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Nutritional Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-94c0d6233e314ea8bcd58867b841dbce2023-03-09T12:38:45ZengCambridge University PressJournal of Nutritional Science2048-67902022-01-011110.1017/jns.2022.47Contribution of base diet, voluntary fortified foods and supplements to micronutrient intakes in the UKJulia K. Bird0Rebecca Barron1Sandrine Pigat2Maaike J. Bruins3https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9517-4617Bird Scientific Writing, Wassenaar, the NetherlandsCreme Global, Dublin, IrelandCreme Global, Dublin, IrelandDSM Nutritional Products, Kaiseraugst, SwitzerlandThe objective of the present study was to evaluate the contribution of voluntary fortified foods and supplements to reducing micronutrient shortfalls in the UK population. A secondary analysis of the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey was conducted (2012/13–2013/14, N 2546, 1·5–95 years). Micronutrient intakes were derived from food consumption intake data and food composition data and calculated as the proportion below or above the Dietary Reference Values for males and females of different age groups, for those on a base diet only, users of fortified foods but no supplements and users of fortified foods and supplements. Of the population consuming a base diet only, 21–45 % and 5–29 % fell below the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) for minerals and vitamins, respectively. About 3–13 % fewer consumers of fortified foods fell below the EAR for vitamins and minerals. Supplements barely reduced the prevalence of intakes below the EAR. Among supplement non-users and users, 99 and 96 % failed to meet the reference intakes for vitamin D. More women than men were at risk of inadequacies of micronutrient intakes. The prevalence of inadequacies declined with increasing age. Voluntary fortified foods but not supplements made a meaningful contribution to intakes of vitamin and minerals, without risk of unacceptably high intakes. These insights may help the UK to define approaches to address micronutrients of concern in vulnerable groups.https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2048679022000477/type/journal_articleDietary survey UKFortificationMicronutrientsInadequaciesSupplements |
| spellingShingle | Julia K. Bird Rebecca Barron Sandrine Pigat Maaike J. Bruins Contribution of base diet, voluntary fortified foods and supplements to micronutrient intakes in the UK Journal of Nutritional Science Dietary survey UK Fortification Micronutrients Inadequacies Supplements |
| title | Contribution of base diet, voluntary fortified foods and supplements to micronutrient intakes in the UK |
| title_full | Contribution of base diet, voluntary fortified foods and supplements to micronutrient intakes in the UK |
| title_fullStr | Contribution of base diet, voluntary fortified foods and supplements to micronutrient intakes in the UK |
| title_full_unstemmed | Contribution of base diet, voluntary fortified foods and supplements to micronutrient intakes in the UK |
| title_short | Contribution of base diet, voluntary fortified foods and supplements to micronutrient intakes in the UK |
| title_sort | contribution of base diet voluntary fortified foods and supplements to micronutrient intakes in the uk |
| topic | Dietary survey UK Fortification Micronutrients Inadequacies Supplements |
| url | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2048679022000477/type/journal_article |
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