CXCL5 Has Potential to Be a Marker for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Prognosis and Was Correlating With Immune Infiltrates
BackgroundsTumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in the initiation and progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC), especially immune infiltrates. However, there is still a challenge in understanding the modulation of the immune and stromal components in TME, especially TME related gen...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Oncology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2021.637023/full |
| _version_ | 1818451526550552576 |
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| author | Yuan Nie Mei-chun Jiang Cong Liu Qi Liu Xuan Zhu |
| author_facet | Yuan Nie Mei-chun Jiang Cong Liu Qi Liu Xuan Zhu |
| author_sort | Yuan Nie |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundsTumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in the initiation and progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC), especially immune infiltrates. However, there is still a challenge in understanding the modulation of the immune and stromal components in TME, especially TME related genes.MethodsThe proportion of tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TICs) and the immune and stromal scores in 374 HCC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were determined using CIBERSORT and ESTIMATE computational methods. The final screened genes were confirmed by the PPI network and univariate Cox regression of the differentially expressed genes based on different immune or stromal scores. The correlation between the expression levels of the final gene interactions and the clinical characteristics was based on TCGA database and local hospital data. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and the effect of CXCL5 expression on TICs were conducted.ResultsThere were correlations between the expression of CXCL5 and survival of HCC patients and TMN classification both in TCGA database and local hospital data. The immune-related activities were enriched in the high-expression group; however, the metabolic pathways were enriched in the low-expression group. The result of CIBERSORT analyzing had indicated that CXCL5 expression were correlated with the proportion of NK cells activated, macrophages M0, Mast cells resting, Neutrophils.ConclusionsCXCL5 was a potential prognostic marker for HCC and provides clues regarding immune infiltrates, which offers extra insight for therapeutics of HCC, however, more independent cohorts and functional experiments of CXCL5 are warranted. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T21:08:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-94d37c5b5cdd40499ffb4758517ad4dd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2234-943X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T21:08:36Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Oncology |
| spelling | doaj.art-94d37c5b5cdd40499ffb4758517ad4dd2022-12-21T22:47:21ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Oncology2234-943X2021-03-011110.3389/fonc.2021.637023637023CXCL5 Has Potential to Be a Marker for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Prognosis and Was Correlating With Immune InfiltratesYuan NieMei-chun JiangCong LiuQi LiuXuan ZhuBackgroundsTumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in the initiation and progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC), especially immune infiltrates. However, there is still a challenge in understanding the modulation of the immune and stromal components in TME, especially TME related genes.MethodsThe proportion of tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TICs) and the immune and stromal scores in 374 HCC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were determined using CIBERSORT and ESTIMATE computational methods. The final screened genes were confirmed by the PPI network and univariate Cox regression of the differentially expressed genes based on different immune or stromal scores. The correlation between the expression levels of the final gene interactions and the clinical characteristics was based on TCGA database and local hospital data. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and the effect of CXCL5 expression on TICs were conducted.ResultsThere were correlations between the expression of CXCL5 and survival of HCC patients and TMN classification both in TCGA database and local hospital data. The immune-related activities were enriched in the high-expression group; however, the metabolic pathways were enriched in the low-expression group. The result of CIBERSORT analyzing had indicated that CXCL5 expression were correlated with the proportion of NK cells activated, macrophages M0, Mast cells resting, Neutrophils.ConclusionsCXCL5 was a potential prognostic marker for HCC and provides clues regarding immune infiltrates, which offers extra insight for therapeutics of HCC, however, more independent cohorts and functional experiments of CXCL5 are warranted.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2021.637023/fullCXCL5hepatocellular carcinomatumor microenvironmentimmune infiltrationprognosis |
| spellingShingle | Yuan Nie Mei-chun Jiang Cong Liu Qi Liu Xuan Zhu CXCL5 Has Potential to Be a Marker for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Prognosis and Was Correlating With Immune Infiltrates Frontiers in Oncology CXCL5 hepatocellular carcinoma tumor microenvironment immune infiltration prognosis |
| title | CXCL5 Has Potential to Be a Marker for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Prognosis and Was Correlating With Immune Infiltrates |
| title_full | CXCL5 Has Potential to Be a Marker for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Prognosis and Was Correlating With Immune Infiltrates |
| title_fullStr | CXCL5 Has Potential to Be a Marker for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Prognosis and Was Correlating With Immune Infiltrates |
| title_full_unstemmed | CXCL5 Has Potential to Be a Marker for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Prognosis and Was Correlating With Immune Infiltrates |
| title_short | CXCL5 Has Potential to Be a Marker for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Prognosis and Was Correlating With Immune Infiltrates |
| title_sort | cxcl5 has potential to be a marker for hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis and was correlating with immune infiltrates |
| topic | CXCL5 hepatocellular carcinoma tumor microenvironment immune infiltration prognosis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2021.637023/full |
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