Interaction of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus with the biofilm-forming Aeromonas hydrophila
Background and Aim: The resistance of susceptible fish populations and the adaptive potential of heterogeneous biofilms, which cause multiple antibacterial resistance and long-term persistence of microorganisms, mediate the development and outcome of the infectious process. The study of the fish imm...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Veterinary World
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Veterinary World |
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| Online Access: | http://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.15/October-2022/12.pdf |
| _version_ | 1828141179528544256 |
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| author | Ekaterina Lenchenko Svyatoslav Lenchenko Nadezhda Sachivkina Olga Kuznetsova Alfia Ibragimova |
| author_facet | Ekaterina Lenchenko Svyatoslav Lenchenko Nadezhda Sachivkina Olga Kuznetsova Alfia Ibragimova |
| author_sort | Ekaterina Lenchenko |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background and Aim: The resistance of susceptible fish populations and the adaptive potential of heterogeneous biofilms, which cause multiple antibacterial resistance and long-term persistence of microorganisms, mediate the development and outcome of the infectious process. The study of the fish immunological parameters in interaction with biofilm-forming bacteria is of practical importance for assessing the stability of the homeostasis of the fish. This study aimed to determine the immunobiological parameters of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus when interacting with biofilm-forming bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila.
Materials and Methods: Clinically healthy fish C. carpio L. (Linnaeus, 1758) of both sexes, aged 4 years, and weighing 1.0–1.5 kg (n = 10), were used in this study. The fish were taken from the pond of the VNIIR experimental base in the period of 2020–2022. The standard method was employed to determine the phagocytic activity of blood cells, the total redox activity of neutrophils, and the bactericidal activity of blood serum.
Results: After 24–48 h of cultivation in nutrient broth, the implementation of the processes of intercellular communication of bacteria had common patterns of formation of the heterogeneous structure of biofilms. Moreover, analyzing the optical density indices (density, D), it was observed that A. hydrophila was a strong producer of biofilms, as the optical density of the sample (density of sample, Ds) exceeded the optical density of the control (density of control, Dc) by more than 4 times (D = 0.464 ± 0.07). The ratio of the average number of microorganisms attached to the surface of one erythrocyte (average adhesion index) and the percentage (%) of erythrocytes having bacteria on their surface (adhesion coefficient [AC]) was 14.05 ± 0.72, and the adhesion index, AI was ≥4.00, indicating A. hydrophila to be highly adhesive. In addition, the AC of erythrocytes having bacteria on the surface was 14.05% ± 0.72%. A direct correlation was established (R2 = 0.94) between the AC (14.05% ± 0.11%–13.29% ± 0.08%) and the phagocytic index (11.3% ± 0.29%–32.0% ± 0.8%). The indicators of spontaneous nitro blue tetrazolium were 103.20 ± 11.70 when estimating the total redox activity of neutrophils. The optical density increased to 182.10 ± 21.12 with the addition of 20.0 μL of A. hydrophila bacteria (1 billion/mL) and the activity of neutrophils also increased.
Conclusion: Among the markers of homeostasis stability, immunological indicators most fully reflect the mechanisms of initiation, development, and outcome of the infectious process mediated by the interaction of adhesive molecules of multicellular eukaryotes and adhesives of infectious disease pathogens. The research will contribute to further understanding the potential mechanism of quorum-sensing molecules and the search for new anti-adhesive drugs that reduce the formation of biofilms. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T19:20:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-94d5837ad0234cefaef51bc368ae4032 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0972-8988 2231-0916 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T19:20:08Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Veterinary World |
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| series | Veterinary World |
| spelling | doaj.art-94d5837ad0234cefaef51bc368ae40322022-12-22T04:07:19ZengVeterinary WorldVeterinary World0972-89882231-09162022-10-0115102458246510.14202/vetworld.2022.2458-2465Interaction of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus with the biofilm-forming Aeromonas hydrophilaEkaterina Lenchenko0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2576-2020Svyatoslav Lenchenko1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8613-1105Nadezhda Sachivkina2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1100-929XOlga Kuznetsova3https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5764-6353Alfia Ibragimova4https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3484-3949Department of Veterinary Medicine, Moscow State University of Food Production, 125080, Moscow, Russia.All-Russian Research Institute of Integrated Fish Farming – a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Research Center for Livestock – VIZh named after Academician L.K. Ernst" (VNIIR – a branch of the LK Ernst Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution FITS VIZH), 142460, Moscow region, Noginsky District, Pos. Them. Vorovskogo, Russia.Department of Microbiology and Virology, Institute of Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia.Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia.Department of General Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Technologies, Institute of Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia; Department of Foreign Languages, Institute of Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia.Background and Aim: The resistance of susceptible fish populations and the adaptive potential of heterogeneous biofilms, which cause multiple antibacterial resistance and long-term persistence of microorganisms, mediate the development and outcome of the infectious process. The study of the fish immunological parameters in interaction with biofilm-forming bacteria is of practical importance for assessing the stability of the homeostasis of the fish. This study aimed to determine the immunobiological parameters of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus when interacting with biofilm-forming bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila. Materials and Methods: Clinically healthy fish C. carpio L. (Linnaeus, 1758) of both sexes, aged 4 years, and weighing 1.0–1.5 kg (n = 10), were used in this study. The fish were taken from the pond of the VNIIR experimental base in the period of 2020–2022. The standard method was employed to determine the phagocytic activity of blood cells, the total redox activity of neutrophils, and the bactericidal activity of blood serum. Results: After 24–48 h of cultivation in nutrient broth, the implementation of the processes of intercellular communication of bacteria had common patterns of formation of the heterogeneous structure of biofilms. Moreover, analyzing the optical density indices (density, D), it was observed that A. hydrophila was a strong producer of biofilms, as the optical density of the sample (density of sample, Ds) exceeded the optical density of the control (density of control, Dc) by more than 4 times (D = 0.464 ± 0.07). The ratio of the average number of microorganisms attached to the surface of one erythrocyte (average adhesion index) and the percentage (%) of erythrocytes having bacteria on their surface (adhesion coefficient [AC]) was 14.05 ± 0.72, and the adhesion index, AI was ≥4.00, indicating A. hydrophila to be highly adhesive. In addition, the AC of erythrocytes having bacteria on the surface was 14.05% ± 0.72%. A direct correlation was established (R2 = 0.94) between the AC (14.05% ± 0.11%–13.29% ± 0.08%) and the phagocytic index (11.3% ± 0.29%–32.0% ± 0.8%). The indicators of spontaneous nitro blue tetrazolium were 103.20 ± 11.70 when estimating the total redox activity of neutrophils. The optical density increased to 182.10 ± 21.12 with the addition of 20.0 μL of A. hydrophila bacteria (1 billion/mL) and the activity of neutrophils also increased. Conclusion: Among the markers of homeostasis stability, immunological indicators most fully reflect the mechanisms of initiation, development, and outcome of the infectious process mediated by the interaction of adhesive molecules of multicellular eukaryotes and adhesives of infectious disease pathogens. The research will contribute to further understanding the potential mechanism of quorum-sensing molecules and the search for new anti-adhesive drugs that reduce the formation of biofilms.http://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.15/October-2022/12.pdfadhesionaeromonas hydrophilabiofilmcyprinus carpio linnaeusoptical density |
| spellingShingle | Ekaterina Lenchenko Svyatoslav Lenchenko Nadezhda Sachivkina Olga Kuznetsova Alfia Ibragimova Interaction of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus with the biofilm-forming Aeromonas hydrophila Veterinary World adhesion aeromonas hydrophila biofilm cyprinus carpio linnaeus optical density |
| title | Interaction of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus with the biofilm-forming Aeromonas hydrophila |
| title_full | Interaction of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus with the biofilm-forming Aeromonas hydrophila |
| title_fullStr | Interaction of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus with the biofilm-forming Aeromonas hydrophila |
| title_full_unstemmed | Interaction of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus with the biofilm-forming Aeromonas hydrophila |
| title_short | Interaction of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus with the biofilm-forming Aeromonas hydrophila |
| title_sort | interaction of cyprinus carpio linnaeus with the biofilm forming aeromonas hydrophila |
| topic | adhesion aeromonas hydrophila biofilm cyprinus carpio linnaeus optical density |
| url | http://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.15/October-2022/12.pdf |
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