Gonadotropins and Sex Steroid Hormones in Captive-Reared Small Yellow Croaker (<i>Larimichthys polyactis</i>) and Their Role in Female Reproductive Dysfunction
The seed production of small yellow croaker (SYC) is constrained by reproductive dysfunction in captive-reared females. Reproductive dysfunction is closely linked to endocrine reproductive mechanisms. To better understand the reproductive dysfunction in captive broodstock, functional characterizatio...
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/10/8919 |
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| author | Kang Hee Kho Zahid Parvez Sukhan Seok-Woo Yang Nam-Yong Hwang Won-Kyo Lee |
| author_facet | Kang Hee Kho Zahid Parvez Sukhan Seok-Woo Yang Nam-Yong Hwang Won-Kyo Lee |
| author_sort | Kang Hee Kho |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The seed production of small yellow croaker (SYC) is constrained by reproductive dysfunction in captive-reared females. Reproductive dysfunction is closely linked to endocrine reproductive mechanisms. To better understand the reproductive dysfunction in captive broodstock, functional characterization of gonadotropins (GtHs: follicle stimulating hormone β subunit, <i>fshβ;</i> luteinizing hormone β subunit, <i>lhβ;</i> and glycoprotein α subunit, <i>gpα</i>) and sex steroids (17β-estradiol, E2; testosterone, T; progesterone; P) was performed using qRT-PCR, ELISA, in vivo, and in-vitro assay. The pituitary GtHs and gonadal steroids levels were significantly higher in ripen fish of both sexes. However, changes in <i>lhβ</i> and E2 levels in females were not significant in the developing and ripen stages. Furthermore, GtHs and steroids levels were lower in females compared to males throughout the reproductive cycle. In vivo administration of gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue (GnRHa) significantly increased the expression of GtHs in both dose- and time-related manners. The lower and higher doses of GnRHa led to successful spawning in male and female SYC, respectively. Sex steroids in vitro significantly inhibited the expression of <i>lhβ</i> in female SYC. Overall, GtHs were shown to play a vital role in final gonadal maturation, while steroids promoted negative feedback in the regulation of pituitary GtHs. Lower levels of GtHs and steroids might be key components in the reproductive dysfunction of captive-reared female SYC. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-94d9666df3814814aa2eeb1790910b602023-11-18T01:44:14ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-05-012410891910.3390/ijms24108919Gonadotropins and Sex Steroid Hormones in Captive-Reared Small Yellow Croaker (<i>Larimichthys polyactis</i>) and Their Role in Female Reproductive DysfunctionKang Hee Kho0Zahid Parvez Sukhan1Seok-Woo Yang2Nam-Yong Hwang3Won-Kyo Lee4Department of Fisheries Science, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Fisheries Science, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of KoreaOcean and Fisheries Science Institute, Jeollanam-do 59326, Republic of KoreaOcean and Fisheries Science Institute, Jeollanam-do 59326, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Fisheries Science, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Republic of KoreaThe seed production of small yellow croaker (SYC) is constrained by reproductive dysfunction in captive-reared females. Reproductive dysfunction is closely linked to endocrine reproductive mechanisms. To better understand the reproductive dysfunction in captive broodstock, functional characterization of gonadotropins (GtHs: follicle stimulating hormone β subunit, <i>fshβ;</i> luteinizing hormone β subunit, <i>lhβ;</i> and glycoprotein α subunit, <i>gpα</i>) and sex steroids (17β-estradiol, E2; testosterone, T; progesterone; P) was performed using qRT-PCR, ELISA, in vivo, and in-vitro assay. The pituitary GtHs and gonadal steroids levels were significantly higher in ripen fish of both sexes. However, changes in <i>lhβ</i> and E2 levels in females were not significant in the developing and ripen stages. Furthermore, GtHs and steroids levels were lower in females compared to males throughout the reproductive cycle. In vivo administration of gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue (GnRHa) significantly increased the expression of GtHs in both dose- and time-related manners. The lower and higher doses of GnRHa led to successful spawning in male and female SYC, respectively. Sex steroids in vitro significantly inhibited the expression of <i>lhβ</i> in female SYC. Overall, GtHs were shown to play a vital role in final gonadal maturation, while steroids promoted negative feedback in the regulation of pituitary GtHs. Lower levels of GtHs and steroids might be key components in the reproductive dysfunction of captive-reared female SYC.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/10/8919Gonadotropins (GtH)steroidsreproductionreproductive dysfunctionsmall yellow croaker<i>Larimichthys polyactis</i> |
| spellingShingle | Kang Hee Kho Zahid Parvez Sukhan Seok-Woo Yang Nam-Yong Hwang Won-Kyo Lee Gonadotropins and Sex Steroid Hormones in Captive-Reared Small Yellow Croaker (<i>Larimichthys polyactis</i>) and Their Role in Female Reproductive Dysfunction International Journal of Molecular Sciences Gonadotropins (GtH) steroids reproduction reproductive dysfunction small yellow croaker <i>Larimichthys polyactis</i> |
| title | Gonadotropins and Sex Steroid Hormones in Captive-Reared Small Yellow Croaker (<i>Larimichthys polyactis</i>) and Their Role in Female Reproductive Dysfunction |
| title_full | Gonadotropins and Sex Steroid Hormones in Captive-Reared Small Yellow Croaker (<i>Larimichthys polyactis</i>) and Their Role in Female Reproductive Dysfunction |
| title_fullStr | Gonadotropins and Sex Steroid Hormones in Captive-Reared Small Yellow Croaker (<i>Larimichthys polyactis</i>) and Their Role in Female Reproductive Dysfunction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gonadotropins and Sex Steroid Hormones in Captive-Reared Small Yellow Croaker (<i>Larimichthys polyactis</i>) and Their Role in Female Reproductive Dysfunction |
| title_short | Gonadotropins and Sex Steroid Hormones in Captive-Reared Small Yellow Croaker (<i>Larimichthys polyactis</i>) and Their Role in Female Reproductive Dysfunction |
| title_sort | gonadotropins and sex steroid hormones in captive reared small yellow croaker i larimichthys polyactis i and their role in female reproductive dysfunction |
| topic | Gonadotropins (GtH) steroids reproduction reproductive dysfunction small yellow croaker <i>Larimichthys polyactis</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/10/8919 |
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